查询词典 headwater erosion

Aimed at the increasing eco-environmental problems, including water shortage, water pollution, soil salinization, water loss and soil erosion, loss of function of the channel and river, biocenose degradation, etc, which severely infected the sustainable development for irrigation area, the main works in this paper are summarized as followed: constituting the measures of water resources shortages for developing agricultural water-saving technologies and adjusting agricultural structures; constructing the water polluting control and purification system of Mushroom lake: source control and decrement-sewage collection and treatment - channel ecological interception - wetland treatment -reservoir purification; putting forward the systematic projects for soil salinization and water loss and soil erosion of the integrated application of water conservancy agriculture and forestry.; constructing the ecological impervious channel model in west bank, from all of which theoretical bases and technical support for the eco-environmental rehabilitant in Manasi irrigation area were offered. All of these works were based on data collection, technical analysis, on-the-spot investigation, experimental research and technical development about Manasi irrigation area, etc.

通过对玛纳斯河灌区进行资料查阅收集、理论分析、现场勘察、试验研究和技术开发等途径，针对玛纳斯河灌区存在的水资源短缺、水体污染、土壤盐渍化、水土流失、沟渠河道功能缺失、生物群落退化等日益突出的严重影响灌区可持续发展的生态环境问题，制定了发展农业节水技术、调整农业结构的灌区水资源短缺的措施，构建了&源头控制减量-污水收集处理-引水调控-渠道生态截留-湿地生态处理-库区生态净化&的蘑菇湖水污染控制与净化系统；提出水利、农业、林业综合应用的灌区土壤盐渍化、水土流失问题的综合治理方案；构建了西岸大渠生态防渗型渠系模式，为玛纳斯河灌区生态环境修复建设提供了理论基础和技术支持。

The result shows that the erosion presents as incision when the riverbed is relative narrow and deep; To the low-water branching reach with strong boundary conditions where the riverbed is wide and shallow, the scour and deposit variation characteristics mainly presents as erosion and deposition adjustment of river island, height deviation of thalweg in the inlets and the adjustment of split ratio after impoundment To the low-water branching reach where the riverbed is wide and shallow and the lateral boundary conditions are weak, the scour and deposit variation characteristics is not restricted to the adjustment of split ratio, and the pattern of the braided reach may even be changed.

结果表明：当河段相对窄深时，河段冲刷主要为下切；当河段为相对宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束较强时，蓄水以后的冲淤变化主要体现为江心洲滩的冲淤调整、汊道深泓高程差的冲淤调整，并引起主支汊分流比的调整；当河段为较为宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束相对较弱时，则冲刷调整不仅限于分流比的调整，甚至会导致大的分汊格局的调整。

Moreover,in this dissertation,a method ispresented to control safe basin with the fractal erosion,that is by the application ofthe weak parameter periodic perturbation with an optimal frequency to control thefractal erosion basin,and the analytical study shows that the essence of the methodis that the parameter periodic perturbation can be used to delay the occurrence ofhomoclinic tangencies.

并且在本文提出了一种对分形侵蚀安全域进行控制的方法，那就是应用具有最优频率的参数周期扰动对于已受到分形侵蚀的安全域加以控制，在理论分析中得到这种控制分形侵蚀安全域的方法实质上延缓了鞍点同宿相切的发生，同时考虑了外加噪声对控制后安全域的影响，得到这种控制方法具有很好的鲁棒性。

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to test anti-wind erosion capacity of different crop stubbles in Horqin Sandy Land. The main influential factors of wind erosion were analyzed in the field condition.

利用野外风洞设备，以翻耕地为对照，对科尔沁沙地东部农田的4种不同作物茬地抗风蚀效果进行了测试，对风蚀主要影响因子进行了分析。

Through field investigation on soils of different tillage ways and soils with different kinds of stubbles,the results indicated that,the effect of anthropogenic factors on wind erosion is great,and wind erosion of grasslands, soils with stubbles and ploughed farmlands was obvious different.

留茬地因为表面残茬的存在显著增加了土壤表面粗糙度，从而使得其风蚀强度较小；而秋翻地人为扰动较大，表面覆盖度较小，其风蚀强度在所研究的土壤中为最大。

The order of surface roughness under no-tillage with different standing crop stubbles is millet forage＞maize forage＞oats＞rape, while the order of the soil wind erosion modules is rape＞oats＞maize forage＞millet forage. The larger the soil wind erosion modules are, the smaller the surface roughness is.

留有不同直立作物残茬免耕土壤地表粗糙度草谷子＞草玉米＞莜麦＞油菜，土壤风蚀侵蚀率呈现相反的趋势，地表粗糙度越大，风蚀侵蚀率越小。

The experimental results show that the erosion behavior is similar to that of brittle ceramic materials while the maximum erosion is found to occur at a jet angle of 90 degrees. The successive spalling of splats ...

结果表明：Cr3C2 NiCr涂层的冲蚀磨损呈现脆性材料的冲蚀磨损特征，在 90°冲蚀率最大；磨料冲击引起的裂纹沿涂层内粒子界面萌生、扩展并最终导致粒子剥落，是涂层主要的冲蚀磨损机制。

Meanwhile, it is also illustrates that the smaller chromium carbides have less restriction to formimg thin splats than larger ones, which beneficial to limit the size of pieces removed by impact of the sand particles, and the higher volume fraction of small chromium carbide may effect the erosion through enhancing interlamellar bonding of the splats which leads to increase the erosion resistance of the coating.

揭示了细小碳化物颗粒有利于获得扁平粒子厚度较小的涂层结构，可减小涂层冲蚀磨损过程中每次剥落的体积；较高含量的细小碳化物颗粒有利于提高涂层扁平粒子间的结合，从而提高涂层抗冲蚀磨损性吉臣。

The real-time, fast, and accurate measurements of sediment and flow rate can help to understand the dynamic soil erosion processes and to automate the monitoring practice of water loss and soil erosion.Volumetric or oven-dry method has long been the standard method for determining sediment concentration.

坡地径流全过程含沙量和径流量的连续、快速、准确和动态监测，为研究土壤侵蚀动态力学过程提供重要的参数，同时使水土流失动态监测网络向自动化和智能化过渡。

In water erosion area, soil erosion is caused by the several few heavy rainfalls.

在水蚀区，土壤侵蚀主要由少数几次暴雨所引起。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？