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The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

Snake Road in particular disk array with the snake ring, that is, first came here the other maze using random, first spent a day run the whole way to understand and then use a random fly, snake ring array can also fly, so to be tied with eight random consumption mainly in the Snake Road site, snake ring that strange multi-burst, N is also more than the middle of the White Snake is a snake of five Hall, there are three White Snake Brush loafers, but there is also fierce private Qing Dynasty, the general or other练级then into the bar, the White Snake to kill more than the total return or, if it is with the Master Taoist group, then, the 33 best to find a good training or a hammer and then with the Road do not turn to anything, they may take a random healing with a row of a row of red, or Fu Road plus a bunch of people, with the two drugs package is enough, do not consume all the basic blue baby in the act, such as a hammer to go back 67 to take into account re-bills, following the easy to frequent high-level rebellion, or go back and re-recruit a good point, in short time would be to group the words that a law to go with the baby, then it is difficult to kill one would have to go back to tonic, and secondly a lot of bored people will come to steal the baby, even if you win PK drug consumption is now unavoidable, so the best fighters mixed with the Road , but here a man, if more than more than 9 in this练级individuals, then you do not intend to add on, and find it somewhere else, the least strange is the lack of Babel, against the devil, and not off-limits练级is to blame the other side of the same difficulty, but the experience is not how high.

尤其是盘蛇道跟蛇环阵，就是迷宫这里刚来的别用随机，先耗个两天跑跑路全搞清，然后才用随机飞，蛇环阵也可以飞的，所以要带八捆随机主要是耗在盘蛇道，蛇环这怪爆多，白蛇也N多中间是五蛇殿，刷白蛇还有三头蛇王，不过这里包场清人也比较凶，一般练级的话还是别进了吧，白蛇杀多了总还是有回报的，如果是法师跟道士组的话，法最好过33级找好锤子练升一级然后跟道去什么都不要背，就带随机跟一排疗伤一排红，道的符还是一捆加身上，毒带两大包足够了，蓝基本不耗都宝宝在做事，等锤子六七级时考虑回去重招，级高之后容易频繁叛变，还是回去重招好点，总之想待长时间的话一定要组道，一个法跟宝宝去的话是很难的，一来杀会就得回去补药，二来很多无聊的人会来偷宝宝，就算你PK赢了耗药是免不了的吧，所以还是战士跟道最好混了，不过这里得看人，要是超过九个人以上在这练级的话，那么你再加入就没意思了，找别的地方吧，怪最不缺的就是通天，逆魔了，不去禁地练级，是为了那边的怪一样难，但经验却不见得怎么高。

K: So , first we have to get feeling with our board , start doing one foot exercises on the floor before take the lift , don't have fear and feel positive , you have to listen to the feedback from your feet and use the edges (back / front) correctly on the snow , before start you have to be able to brake the board ..

想滑得好，你必须要能抓到板子的感觉；上 lift 前先在家里练习单脚站立，下 lift 会比较轻松；学滑雪之前，先学会煞车；用心体会从板子传到你脚上的脉动，正确地使用板边来操控滑雪；心理建设是很重要的一环，别害怕，摔跤是必然的，打不过它，就用愉快的心情来面对它；只要你有心，就一定会进步，其实 90%的困难都是你自己在吓自己，没那麼困难的啦

The day passed thus; he scarcely tasted food, but walked round and round the cell like a wild beast in its cage. One thought in particular tormented him: namely, that during his journey hither he had sat so still, whereas he might, a dozen times, have plunged into the sea, and, thanks to his powers of swimming, for which he was famous, have gained the shore, concealed himself until the arrival of a Genoese or Spanish vessel, escaped to Spain or Italy, where Merc d s and his father could have joined him. He had no fears as to how he should live--good seamen are welcome everywhere. He spoke Italian like a Tuscan, and Spanish like a Castilian; he would have been free, and happy with Merc d s and his father, whereas he was now confined in the Chateau d'If, that impregnable fortress, ignorant of the future destiny of his father and Merc d s; and all this because he had trusted to Villefort's promise.

这一天就这样过去了，他没吃一点食物，只是在斗室里走来走去，象一只被困在笼子里的野兽似的，最使他苦恼的是，在这次被押送的途中，他竟这样的平静和呆笨，他本来这次跳海也是成功的，他的游泳技术是素来有名的，他可以游到岸边躲起来，等到热那亚船或西班牙船来的时候，逃到西班牙或意大利去，美塞苔丝和他的父亲可以到那儿去找我团聚，他跟本用不着担心以后的生活，因为他是一个好海员是到处都受人欢迎的，他讲起意大利语来就象托斯卡人一样［意大利的一种民族。

Since those of us who do marry have a chance of getting divorced, and those who cohabit have even more fragile relationships, many of us will have to get over people we might once have hoped to grow old with.

由于那些结了婚的人有机会离婚，而同居伴侣之间的关系就更为脆弱了，所以我们当中有许多人必须学会，忘记那些你一度希望能够与之携手白头的人。

I call Du Wang Ying , now read , study mechanical production and automation special field with Shanghai generator institute, will graduate in July 2009, during university, I have specialized in the mechanical related courses such as electrician , have established foundation for the work of being engage in in the future , am in the aspect of technical practice , I live satisfactorily consummately to practise and design course , have not only grasped theoretical knowledge, have still had certain start work ability.

我叫杜汪蓥，现就读与上海电机学院，攻读机械制造和自动化专业，将于2009年7月毕业，大学期间，我主修了机械、电工等相关课程，为今后从事的工作打下了基础，在技术实践方面，我圆满地完成了生活实践和设计课程，不仅掌握了理论知识，还具备了一定的动手能力。

In addition, some modifications on several computational methods are also presented. Using LMTO method the electronic structure of several systems are studied, and some results are obtained. They are: The ideal Nb (100) surface has three surface states, the multi-layer relaxed surface has two surface states. The surface energy of the ideal surface is higher than that of the relaxed surface, that means that the multi-layer relaxed surface is more stable than the former one, which supports the LEED results. The mono-layer relaxed Ag (111) surface is the most stable one among several" stable surface models"presented by several researchers. The surface energy of Ag (111) surface is higher than that of surface Ag (001), which supports some experimental results such as different reaction rate at different surface orientations for the same material. The surafce states of Si (111) surface not only locate near the Fermi level, but also in the valence band, which agrees well with Cohen's conclusion. Si (111)-H is an effective model for analysing the surface states and H adsorbed on the back surface is a good method for improving the convincingness of the results obtained on thinner slab models. The surface stability depends on three different kinds of MoSi〓(001) surfaces, the surface with mono-layer Si is the most stable one, and the surface with Mo at the first layer is the most unstable one among them. These are consistant with the Kemoda's experimental results. The valence bands of clean or K adsorbed CdTe (111) surface agrees well with the synchrotron radiation studies. The surface of CdTe (111) consists of four kinds of surface models which show different surface electronic structures and different surface structure stabilities. The conclusion agrees well with Wu's experimental work. The different absorbed alkali metals on the CdTe (111) surface give different adsorption characteristics which have relations not only with the valence electrons, but also with the core ones of the alkali metals. The electonic structures of Si-C alloys are different from that of Si-Ge alloys, and the energy band gaps of Si-C alloys do not increase linearly with Carbon concentration, our conclusion supports Alexander's results, but conflicts with Soref's one.

现分述如下： LMTO方法及其应用方面：1）通过对Nb（100）表面电子态分析发现清洁理想表面有三个表面态，多层弛豫表面有两个表面态；表面能大小说明多层弛豫表面更稳定，支持了LEED结果。2）通过对采用不同方法获得的几种不同Ag（111）表面稳定结构的表面能计算分析，给出了单层弛豫表面为Ag（111）表面的最稳定结构；从Ag（111）单层弛豫表面和Ag（001）表面的表面能比较，发现了Ag（001）表面表面能要比Ag（111）小的，表明了同种物质不同表面取向将表现出不同物理、化学性质，这是与实验中得出的结论是吻合的，3）通过对Si（111）表面态分析，不仅发现了Si（111）表面不仅具有居于费米能级附近的悬挂键所对应的表面态，而且还有很多表面态位于价带能量范围内，与Cohen等结果一致，H饱和slab模型背表面相当于增加了slab层的厚度，是一有效的变相增加slab层厚的方法，弛豫表面较清洁理想表面价带谱们低能端的少许移动，预示着总能降低，说明弛豫表面较清洁理想表面稳定。4）MoSi〓具有三种表面，从费米能级上态密度值大小得到单层Si表面最稳定，Mo原子为表层原子的表面最不稳定，双层Si原子表面居中的结论，这与Kemoda等人实验结果是一致的。5）通过对CdTe（111）表面表面电子态、表面结构稳定性及表面H、碱金属吸附的电子结构系列研究，不仅得出了CdTe（111）清洁及碱金属K吸附价带谱与同步辐射光电子谱相吻合的结果，而且发现了CdTe（111）表面具有四类不同原子近邻特征，表现出四类不同的表面结构及电子结构特征：不同表面态分布、不同的表面结构稳定性（表层原子与次层原子成三键有一悬挂键的表面要比表层原子与次层原子成一键有三悬挂键稳定（与Wu等人实验结果一致））、不同的H吸附特性。

We are sad cried, arrived in the evening, effort was done not have on my daughter body, send all over soft, be troubled by all the time, it is such pasts this day night the following day, I still have my Mom to holding the child in the arms to build a car directly with my wife went to city haemal institute, be in when us second when making detailed inspection to the daughter, the leucocyte that discovers a daughter is as high as 610 thousand, red blood cell has 30 thousand only much, the doctor says, your child is too small, if cure, the likelihood can have life risk at any time, if not cure, your child still can live a few days more, hear this news I am about to break down simply, my tear flowed, passed a little while, we let a doctor help us look for bed, let daughter be in hospital, the doctor says, miss your child this circumstance, you are spent namely 100 thousand 200 thousand 1 million, when your child is being treated, life is potential a few minutes of lives were done not have, your child is held in the arms do not answer Hubei, you spend the money in how, also be person money two sky, the doctor says: Do you have remedial money?

我们都伤心哭了，到了晚上，我女儿身上没了力气，浑身发软，一直闹，这天晚上算是这样过去了第二天，我跟我老婆还有我妈抱着孩子直接搭车去了市血液研究所，当我们在次给女儿做详细检查的时候，发现女儿的白细胞高达61万之多，红细胞只有3万多，医生说，你的孩子太小，如果医治，可能随时都会有生命危险，如果不医治，你的孩子还可以多活几天，听到这个消息我简直快要崩溃了，我的眼泪哗啦的就流了下来，过了一会，我们让医生帮我们找床位，让女儿住院，医生说，想你们孩子这个情况，你就是花10万20万100万，你的孩子在治疗的时候，生命可能几分钟命就没了，你们的孩子就抱不回湖北了，你们花在多的钱，也是人财两空，医生说：你们有治疗的钱吗？

B any such notice, request, requirement, approval, permission, consent or other communication in connection with this Agreement shall be given in writing and if delivered by hand shall be deemed to have been received by the addresses on the day when the same shall have been so delivered, or is airmailed shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee on the tenth day following the day on which it shall have been so airmailed, or if telexed, shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee upon acknowledgement.

凡与本协议有关的通知、请求、要求、审核、批准、同意或其他信函必须作成书面形式，如派专人递送，得视为其在递送当天就被收件人收悉，如用航空邮寄，得视为寄出后的第10天应被收件人收悉，如用电传，一经答复则被视为收件人收到此件。

B Any such notice, request, requirement, approval, permission, consent or other communication in connection with this Agreement shall be given in writing and if delivered by hand shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee on the day When the same shall have been so delivered, or if airmailed shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee on the tenth day following the day on which it shall have been so airmailed, or if telexed, shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee upon acknowledgement.

凡与本协议有关的通知、请求、要求、审核、批准、同意或其他信函必须作成书面形式，如派专人递送，得视为其在递送当天就被收件人收悉，如用航空邮寄，得视为寄出后的第10天应被收件人收悉，如用电传，一经答复则视为收件人收到此件。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。