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In resent year, several in vitro models for committed differentiation of ES cells have been described which give rise to a variety of cell types, including hematopoietic, neuronal, chondroitic, osteocytic, endothelial, myogenic, cardiac and smoothes muscle cells, but the committed differentiation into epidermal stem cells have not been reported.

ES细胞为研究基因功能、胚胎发生和个体发育，及组织细胞分化机理提供了理想的模型。近年来的研究表明，适当条件下，ES细胞可定向分化为三个胚层的各种类型的细胞，其中包括向神经元、造血细胞、成骨细胞、心肌细胞、血管内皮、软骨细胞、平滑肌特方向的定向分化。

In resent year, several in vitro models for committed differentiation of ES cells have been described which give rise to a variety of cell types, including hematopoietic, neuronal, chondroitic, osteocytic, endothelial, myogenic, cardiac and smoothes muscle cells, but the committed differentiation into epidermal stem cells have not been reported.

但定向分化为表皮干细胞至今未见报道。

As the development of molecular biology and relative techniques, many tomato genes for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum have been identified and cloned, some have been already used in molecular breeding, which provide a new approach for efficiently controlling the disease.

随着生物技术的发展，已有多个抗性基因被鉴定和克隆出来，有的已经被利用在分子育种上，这为生产上有效控制番茄叶霉病病害提供了一条新途径。

Up to now, based on proteomics approaches, venomes from more than one hundred species of fifty-eight Genus among three families (Elapidae, Colubridae and Viperidae) have been studied and more than ten protein families have been identified.

迄今，利用蛋白质组技术已经对游蛇科、眼镜蛇科、蝰科中的58个属100多种蛇毒的毒物进行了研究，鉴定出了十多个蛋白质家族。

Hence 7 national parks have been established since 1982 with management focusing on the conservation of endangered species as well as active establishment of areas for preserving biodiversity and sustainable use. To promote environmental education, a variety of conservational programs have also been initiated in recent years, whose accomplishment will be reported in this issue.

为此，从1982年迄今已成立的7座国家公园，在经营管理上不仅著眼於保育濒危物种，更积极划设保护生物多样性和永续利用之地；近年来，亦为普及与落实生物多样性的环境教育，而推广宣传多项保育活动，本期就带您深入了解今年7座国家公园主要的保育成果。

So far no reports have been shown about the browsing and gelation mechanism of sebastan plum cordia during processed, but few studies had been undertaken on the analysis of sebastan plum cordia's composition. In this work, in order to clear problems caused from during processing, browsing and gelation had been investigated to raise the quality of products and its operational efficiency for to develop a new products.

对於破布子采收后加工处理过程中之相关变化(特别是破布子之色变与凝胶机制)等目前尚无人作出完整之相关研究，仅有少部分关於破布子之基本组成分分析，本研究系在探讨上述之各项变化，以期能够解决目前在采收后处理及加工制造上所面临之各种相关问题，进而提高产品品质及作业效率，并开发出各种新产品。

Carbon disulfide, dialkylamine, antimony trioxide have been used to synthesize the other organic antimony compounds-dialkyldithiocarbamate. The optimal technological conditions and purificating method have been studied in detail.

以二硫化碳、二元仲胺、三氧化二锑为原料合成了结构为Sb-〓的另一类含Sb-S键的有机锑化合物，通过大量的实验探索，详细研究了各种二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锑的最佳合成工艺条件及产品的提纯方法，为该类化合物的制备提供了一种工艺简便，收率较高的合成工艺途径。

Based on sum-up and epurate from the first- and second-round national mineral assessment, new developing in minerogenetic series theory, minerogenetic dynamic theory and multi-information prognosis theory have been used to support and improve the methods for this round national resources strategy planning and prospecting. Working flow scheme and requests have been described in this paper.

通过对中国以往一轮、二轮区划预测方法、全国矿产资源总量预测方法及国外最新预测方法的分析和总结，结合近年来预测理论的新发展，确定了全国重要矿产总量预测的理论基础是成矿系列理论、现代成矿动力学理论和综合信息矿产预测理论，采用的预测思路是矿床模型综合地质信息预测方法。

For the central cupola the architect may have been thinking of Saint Peter's, but this suggestion would have been overridden by the patron's own more pertinent reference to El Escorial.

对于中央穹顶的建筑师可能一直在思考的圣彼得，但这个建议会受到顾客自己的更有针对性的参考埃斯科里亚尔覆盖。

In this paper,The reasonable approaches of organic synthesis have been designed to use analytic and examinatorial program by means of corey's concept of synthon and disconnection ,in the meantime ,some common synthetic tactics have been suggested.

本文以Corey的合成子和切断为手段，利用分析程序和审查程序对有机反应路线进行合理设计，并提出了一些常用的合成策略。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷