查询词典 hard surface

In the electromagnetic field that countercurrent inductor produces, the metal droplet that melts gets the role suspension of electromagnetism force in quartz pipe center and had been heated up continuously. When metal droplet of melting have been heated up certain temperature surface beginning gasification, metal vapor tension will raise follow temperature go up, is heated continuously can have plenty of metal atoms overflow metal ball liquid surface, at the same time, as the inert gas of cooling medium, all along with certain current velocity, sideswipe the metal droplet surface that melts. Metal atoms fly out liquid surface according to certain way form the atom cluster by the condensing of inert air current, merger and the collision between crystal nucleus pellet and atom cluster form the smoke flame of nanoparticle pellet eventually.

在逆流感应器产生的电磁场中熔化的金属液滴受电磁力的作用悬浮于石英管中央并继续被加热，当金属熔球被加热到一定温度时表面开始气化，金属蒸气压随温度的升高而升高，继续受热会有大量的金属原子飞出熔球液面，与此同时，作为冷却介质的惰性气体始终以一定的流速掠过熔化的金属液滴表面，原子飞出液面受冷后就按照一定的方式凝聚成原子簇，在惰性气流中形核并随之长大，颗粒、原子簇间的碰撞与合并，最终形成金属纳米颗粒的烟焰。

Make a summary of geological bodies surface modeling methods,which including singular value surface compose method, inner bodies grid peel off surface method and the reconstruction method based on the outward curve of geological bodies,in addtion, the heuristic extend surface method.

将地质体表面建模方法总结归纳分为组合单值曲面法、体内剖分剥离表面法和基于外轮廓线的重构法，并提出有启发式的展铺法。

The goals of our work are to study the way of TiN coating on the chamber surface, especially on the inner surface of slightness pipe vacuum chamber, to get the surface with the characters of low surface thermal outgassing rate, low photon stimulated desorption and resistance to multi-electron impact, and to achieve experiment data and theory analysis as the basement of the fabrication of future particle accelerator EHV system.

本课题目的是实验研究采用材料表面溅射沉积TiN膜表面处理方法，获得材料极低表面热放气率、抗多次电子撞击和较低的辐射光致解吸，特别是细长管道真空室表面处理，为新一代粒子储存环极高真空系统建造提供实验数据和理论依据。

Firstly, the developing principles of the cylindrical internal helical gear are proposed through analyzing the movement and geometry requirements, which provides continuous contact between the mating gear surfaces. The tooth surface of the internal helical gear in the new gearing can be imagined as being generated by the normal section of the conjugated surface of the ball-tooth, moving along the radial projection of helix line of the tooth-root circle. Also, the proposed surface can be approximate tangent to the conjugated surface of the ball-tooth along a spacial curve.

首先，通过分析保证行星轮作螺环运动时与内斜齿轮实现连续啮合传动的运动和几何条件，提出了圆柱内斜齿轮齿面的两种形成原理：即由球齿运动包络曲面的法截面沿其齿根圆螺旋线在径向的投影进行拓展所形成的内齿面，以及与球齿运动包络曲面呈近似相切接触的等螺距齿面构成的内齿面。

Attacked by surface active agent, ocean micro-alga will be change their coloring matter for photosynthesis under the contamination of surface active agent, to result much phaeophytin-a.In addition, have assayed the surface property of the four kinds of surface-active agent.

在此基础上初步研究了表面活性剂对海洋微藻的毒性机理，找到了表面活性剂对海洋微藻细胞的攻击点是藻类的细胞膜，并且胁迫状态下的藻类细胞的光合色素组成发生变化，产生大量的脱镁叶绿素a，影响藻类的光合作用效率。

In chapter three, various theories and experience on the dispersion of nano-powders proposed by former researchers were generalized and reviewed. Technical standards and experimental process for determining technological parameters were suggested for the dispersion of nano-scaled metal oxides in aqueous medium according to their surface wettability, surface charge, the dependence of surface charge on pH and the compatibility of surfactants with pH and pH adjusting agents. Based on these suggested standards and experimental method, highly stable and dispersive aqueous suspensoid of nm-ZnO, nm-TiO〓, nm-Co〓O〓 and nm-MnO powders were prepared successfully and surface modification on these nano-powders was also achieved.

本文第三章通过大量的文献调研，归纳总结了前人在纳米粒子分散技术方面的理论和经验，并在此基础上根据纳米氧化物粉体的表面润湿性、表面电性及其与分散介质pH值的关系、表面活性剂及其与pH调节剂的配伍关系设计了纳米氧化物水分散体系的工艺规范以及确定工艺参数的通用实验步骤，成功地制备了纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化钴和纳米氧化锰的高稳定分散悬浮液并实现了干粉体的表面改性，为纳米材料在氧化锌压敏电阻中的应用创造了第二个前提条件。

Adjacent grooves in the first groove set are separated by a distance sufficient to define therebetween a structure defined by a first optical surface (142) on one side, a top surface (146) and a first non-optical surface (150) opposite the first optical surface.

第一沟槽组中的相邻沟槽相隔一段足以在两者之间限定由位于一侧上的第一光学表面（142）、一顶面（146）和与第一光学表面相对的第一非光学表面（150）所限定的结构的距离。

According to this process, the key technology which including the characteristic measurement of surface, the pretreatment of data getting by line scan, the character expression and fitting of curve and surface, the characteristic identify of surface and translation from the model of surface to CAD.

对实物反求过程中的各关键技术作了研究，包括：曲面的特征测量、逐行扫描测量数据的预处理、曲线曲面的特征表示及其拟合、曲面的特征识别以及曲面模型向CAD模型的转化。

In chapter 4, basing theories and methods of scientific visualization, and artificial neural network BP algorithm, we integrate the Visual C++, OpenGL graphics library and Excel VBA technique to develop the program of artificial neural network and to make the BP algorithm visually, this program works can be divided into four parts: Using C language to develop program about BP algorithm; Using Visual C++, develop the GUI Interface, make input parameter visually; Using OpenGL graphic technique to display the training sample point in three dimension; at last using Excel DDE technique display the error graphic tables in Excel system In chapter 5, on the view of engineering application, we establish new method of surface reconstruction basing artificial neural network, develop interface program between module and commercial CAD/CAM system, meantime deeply discuss some key problems, for example, setting up the base plane, using the API technique, cutting and editing surface boundary, and also discuss the more compliant problem: how to intersect surface, at end we finish the work of translation from our surface reconstruction module to commercial CAD/CAM system, then make reverse engineering system basing artificial neural network more useful.

第四章基于科学计算可视化理论，依据人工神经网络BP算法理论模型，综合Visual C++，OpenGL图形库以及Excel VBA等多项软件开发技术，编制了人工神经网络程序，实现了BP算法的可视化映射。具体工作分为四部分：利用C语言实现人工神经网络BP算法；利用VisualC++的GUI技术开发图形用户界面，实现参数设置可视化；利用OpenGL图形技术进行三维映射，显示学习样本及训练样本点；利用微软电子表格DDE动态数据交换技术，在Excel上动态显示学习误差曲线图。第五章从工程应用的角度出发，提出了一种新的基于人工神经网络算法的曲面裁剪重构方法，完成了曲面重建模块与通用CAD/CAM系统的接口设计工作，对其中的若干关键问题进行了深入讨论，例如基平面设定、API技术的应用、边界裁剪等问题，同时，对曲面计算中较为困难的曲面相交问题也进行的专门探讨，最终完成了曲面重建模块向CAD/CAM系统的数据传输工作，使人工神经网络逆向工程系统趋向实用。

The experimental values of resistance force and power for the biomimetic furrow opener surface with UHMWPE tubular section ridges at 100 mm depth and 0.28 m/sec speed were 0.60 kN and 0.16 kW, while at 100 mm depth and 0.92 m/sec speed, the values were 0.80 kN and 0.72 kW. At 135 mm depth and 0.28 m/sec speed, the biomimetic furrow opener surface with UHMWPE tubular section ridges recorded 0.76 kN and 0.21 kW, while at 135 mm depth and 0.92 m/sec speed, the values were 0.95 kN and 0.85 kW. The predicted and experimental values of resistance force and power for the conventional surface furrow opener were higher than predicted and experimental values for the biomimetic furrow opener surface with UHMWPE tubular section ridges.

对于超高分子量聚乙烯材料仿生脊型非光滑结构表面，当耕深100 mm和耕作速度0.28 m/sec时，实测的仿生开沟器的土壤阻力和动力消耗分别为0.6kN和0.16kW；当耕深100 mm和耕作速度0.92 m/sec时，实测的仿生开沟器的土壤阻力和动力消耗分别为0.8kN和0.72kW；当耕深135 mm和耕作速度0.28 m/sec时，实测的仿生开沟器的土壤阻力和动力消耗分别为0.76kN和0.21kW；而当耕深135 mm和耕作速度0.92 m/sec时，实测的仿生开沟器的土壤阻力和动力消耗分别为0.95kN和0.85kW。

"Please accept this talisman as a token of our thanks."

请收下这个护身符以表达我们的感谢。

If I have that magic, I will be more acceptable in the society.

如果我拥有那种魔法，我将更加被这个社会所容纳。