查询词典 had to

Then they had spoken with Miss Frandsen; she knew all about the ballet, and at one time, in Grand-mother's younger days, she had been the most beauti－ful danseuse at the theater; she had danced goddesses and princesses, had been cheered and applauded wher－ever she had gone; but then she had grown older—weall do—and so no longer had she been given principal parts; she'd had to dance behind the younger ones;and when finally her dancing days had come to an end, she had become a wardrobe woman and dressed the others as goddesses and princesses.

因此她们就又去和佛兰生小姐商量。这位老小姐懂得有关芭蕾舞的一切事情，因为在祖母还很年轻的那些日子里，她曾经一度也是舞台上的一位漂亮的舞蹈家。她扮演过女神和公主的角色，她每到一地都受到欢迎和敬意。不过后来她的年纪大了——我们都会如此——再没有什么主要的角色给她演了，她只能在一些年轻人的后面跳舞，最后她只得退出舞台，做些化妆工作——为那些扮女神和公主的角色化妆。

The occupant of the Oval Office had to be "a combination of scoutmaster, Delphic oracle, hero of the silver screen and father of the multitudes," he said.

此句have to是应该的意思，而不是"不得不"的意思。cynical有怀疑的意思。我觉得那句翻译成怀疑比较好。

And he said, Espagniole; and being a little recover'd, let me know by all the Signs he could possibly make, how much he was in my Debt for his Deliverance; Seignior, said I, with as much Spanish as I could make up, we will talk afterwards; but we must fight now; if you have any Strength left, take this Pistol, and Sword, and lay about you; he took them very thankfully, and no sooner had he the Arms in his Hands, but as if they had put new Vigour into him, he flew upon his Murtherers, like a Fury, and had cut two of them in Pieces, in an instant; for the Truth is, as the whole was a Surprize to them; so the poor Creatures were so much frighted with the Noise of our Pieces, that they fell down for meer Amazement, and Fear; and had no more Power to attempt their own Escape, than their Flesh had to resist our Shot; and that was the Case of those Five that Friday shot at in the Boat; for as three of them fell with the Hurt they receiv'd, so the other two fell with the Fright.

我一路向那可怜的俘虏跑去。前面已经说过，那可怜的有胡子的人这时正躺在野人们所坐的地方和大海之间的沙滩上。那两个正要动手杀他的屠夫，在我们放头一枪时，早已吓得魂不附体。他们丢开了俘虏，拼命向海边跑去，跳上了一只独木船。这时，那群野人中也有三个向同一方面逃跑。我回头吩咐星期五，要他追过去向他们开火。他立即明白了我的意思。向前跑了约四十码，跑到离他们较近的地方，就向那批野人开枪。起初我以为他把他们通通打死了，因为我看到他们一下子都倒在船里了。可是不久我又看到他们中有两个人很快又坐起来。尽管这样，他也打死了两个，打伤了一个；那个受伤的倒在船舱里，仿佛死了一般。

The red heifer for the offering had to have three kinds of qualifications:(1) it had to be without spot and blemish—this typifies the sinlessness of the Lord;(2) it had to be one which had never borne a yoke—this typifies the Lord, who was never a slave of Satan; and (3) it had to be pure red—this typifies that the Lord bears our sins.

献祭的红母牛，要有三种资格（2）：一，没有残疾；这是豫表主的自己是无罪的。二，未曾负轭；这是豫表主的自己未曾作过撒但的奴仆。三，纯红的；这是豫表主担当我们的罪。

If I should see him this afternoon, I would give the note to him.If there were to be a meeting this evening, I would come.If it tomorrow, we put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.('94上海)A. rains; would have had to B. were to rain; will have toC. should rain; would have to D.

析：选C。根据语境中所给时间状语tomorrow可知，这是表示将来的条件状语从句，本句可使用陈述语气(条件句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时)，也可使用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气条件句用did/were to do/should do。。。，主句用would do。。。

I still remember a cold evening in 2003's winter,when the snowflake was blusterous in the sky,and when the road was much pale owning to the ice on the ground, and I had only two choices in front of me,going abroad or pursuing a postgraduate degree,maybe others didn't know my suffering,but I did,for my English was so poor that whichever I chose ,it would not be avail for me at last,I participated in a series of English classes,reading and writing all day long,I was very sorry that I had troubled too many friends, as a result ,I could simply communite with our foreign professor,but the problem was not simple,I got a low mark in my Toefl test,thanked to the language class in the school abroad,I arrived at Quebec three monthes later,my first impression about this city was cold, since my hometown is located in the south of the Yangtze River, I have to imagine what does the 'heavy snow' mean cause there are always snowing lightly,to my surprise,almost half a year it was heavy snowing in the city,and it did really satisfy my desire about the snow,furthermore,we also had a long holiday,when I got there,most of my classmates were prepared for their vacation ,so I could asked for help from the senior, maybe I was not tall but sometimes the snow on the ground was taller than me,actually ,I had a good time when I stayed with my friends for we have a common language named chinese,the language class was simple for me,but the teacher was serious,whether you passed the course or not was depended on her, so you'd better don't offend her,thank godness, I passed this class at first time after a few monthes,then began with the other courses,it was said that chinese students abroad was the most assiduous in the world,and that was ture,usually,we didn't have a strong suit in the ability of a foreign language,since it asked for some understanding in our course,so I had to borrowed the note from others when I first went to class,how times fly,my GPA first was above 4.0 at that time,I phoned my relations,telling them I was okey there,but in the first evening of that holiday,a fire broke out in our dorm,I couldn't find my passport after the incident,though most of our res were moved outside,maybe it was burnt out or was lost at somewhere,but it told me that I couldn't stay longer in this city,we comforted each other for a while,''Goodbye!

雪花在2003年一个寒冷的夜空中无情的肆虐着，回家的大道被雪映的煞白，而摆在我面前的却只有两条窄窄的小路，考研，出国，也许别人不会知道我的痛苦，可是我清楚，其实我的英语很烂，现在不管选那个，好像对我都不利，我疯狂的去参加一Qy系列的英语辅导班，从早到晚大声的阅读，没天没地的做题目，以致招来了很多非议，感觉可以和外教简单交流了，可是我的托福成绩还是不堪入目，不过好在那边学校开了语言课，所以三个月后，我还是顺利来到了加拿大的魁北克省，那里给我的第一感觉就是一个字'冷'，我们江南一般下小雪，大雪是什么只能靠想像了，不过那边将近有大半年的时间都在下大雪，让我这个雪盲好好过了一把雪瘾，不过假期也长，我去的时候大多已不上课了，所以可以找到学姐，学兄，也许是我的个子不太高，不过积雪有时完全可以把我湮没，和他们在一起感觉很亲切，很开心，也许我们在一起都说汉语吧，语言课是比较简单的，不过老师很变态，她说行才行，不行你就是行也不行，所以这个老师是绝对不能得罪的，学了很长一段时间，语言考试通过了，就可以正常上课了，呵呵，都说中国留学生最刻苦了，不苦行么，我们语言能力一般都不是强项，加上课程需要一些理解的能力，初次去听课，不借阅他人的笔记是绝对不行的，时间总是晃的很快，那次的GPA成绩第一次超过了4.0，打了电话回家，报了平安，可是假期的第一个晚上就发生了一些小小的意外，一把无名火把我们住的地方烧了，当时东西都搬出来了，好在没有损失什么，可是后来检查了一下，我的护照怎么都找不到了，也许是烧了吧，也是是掉了，反正这件事也告诉了我，魁北克我是待不长了，朋友们在一起相互惋惜了一阵。

When in senior high school ,it left behind so many regret for me,at first,for the junior high school failure exam,I went to a unliked school to continue my student time,at the same time ,I also left dad's words to behind my head,everyday,I just look at the surrounding teachers and classmates ,I can't adapt me into that serious atmosphere ,more serious it that I more hated that environment ,in order to avoid it ,I started to skip classes ,as the time of skiping classes grew,some teachers and classmates began to think me as a bad student,honestly,in that school,there were so many this kind guys,however,it seemed to me that all teachers just had a couple eyes of caring of me .subsequently,in order to go on my studying,I had to make some promise of it for teachers,as a matter of fact ,I wrote it fully and also read it to the class.at the bottom of my hear,I apparently had the feeling that would like to stay to the class to keep my normal studying,but everytime,it seemed that something was not under my controul.but just now for me ,it may be just a little depressed.so that written guarantee didn't take some effect for me,as usual ,I also choosed to skip classes,at last ,related teachers had to call for my dad to school and required him to write some words to promise something in order to keep me in school ,at that momment,I refused all ,I can' t eudure dad do it as so.

上高中了，是我这辈子遗憾最多的日子。起先，在那所我极不愿去的学校里，我没有记住爸爸的话，看着身边的老师、同学，都找不着感觉，并且越来越讨厌那种环境，后来干脆开始逃课。逃课的日子多了，就成了老师眼中的坏孩子，其实在那所学校里逃课的学生多的是，但是老师好象长了一双只可以看到我逃课的眼睛。后来，老师要我来写保证书，保证我以后不再逃课，否则就走人。我写了，并且在班上念了。因为从心里我是真的想读书，可是每次总是管不住自己，有一种想逃走的感觉。现在想来，我那时应该是或多或少有些郁忧症了。所以保证书过后，我又逃课时，老师叫来了我的爸爸，并且要求爸爸写保证书，保证我以后不再逃课，而且要当着班上的同学念。我马上拒绝了，只说了句：&我自己走吧。&

By the end of the day, six banks had been robbed, a hundred shops had been looted, twelve fires had been set, forty carloads of storefront glass had been broken, and three million dollars in property damage had been inflicted, before city authorities had to call in the army and, of course, the Mounties to restore order.

在这一天结束的时候，六家银行遭抢，一百个商店被劫掠，十二处起火，可以装满四十个大车的店面玻璃被砸，造成了三百万美元的财产损失，最后市权力机构不得不诉诸军队--当然是加拿大骑警来恢复秩序。

The occupant of the Oval Office had to be "a combination of scoutmaster, Delphic oracle, hero of the silver screen and father of the multitudes," he said.

此句have to是应该的意思，而不是&不得不&的意思。cynical有怀疑的意思。我觉得那句翻译成怀疑比较好。

As it was first time for the BARDE to collect the figures from website and there were around 70% member hotels finishing their figures submitting before 5:00pm on Monday as required by BARDE, but the rest member hotels had still need my secretary to chase their figures manually as BARDE want to all our member hotels's figures could show on the web page on this FIRST TIME. So BARDE had closed submitting at 11:00am on the Tuesday morning and presented on the website at 13:00; So I have to say sorry to all those hotels which had submitted figures punctually that I had had to break my promise as all those figures suppose to be put on the website in the evening of Monday.

鉴于这是协会第一次在网上收集每周的四位数，大约有70％的会员酒店在星期一下午5：00之前按照协会要求在网上申报了数字；为了保证协会第一次在网上发布数字的全面性，我的秘书又对剩余的未按时在网上申报数字的酒店逐一打电话进行了查询及数字收集，因此协会直到星期二上午11：00才停止了网上报数并于13：00将所有数字在网上发布；所以我本人必须对没有按照最初的承诺于星期一晚间将数字发布于网上而向所有按时在网上申报数字的会员酒店诚挚道歉。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。