查询词典 gyro mechanism

This course consists of three parts : A.The fundamental theory of gyroscopes. a.Kinematics and dynamics of gyroscopes, consisting of Coriolis acceleration, theorem of angular momentum, Euler's dynamical equations, dynamical explanation of gyroscopes' properties. b.Gyroscopes' motion equations, including the complete equations, technical equations and precession equations derived from Euler's dynamical equations, and the technical equations derived from static vs. dynamic method. c.Analysis of gyroscopes' motion. d.Coordinate systems and their mutual transformation. e.Gyroscope drift and its measurement. B.Principle of typical gyroscope instruments, such as gyro compass, gyro north finder, gyro horizon, platform compass, rate gyroscope and integrating gyroscope. C.Principles and applications of new-type gyroscpes, such as electrically suspended gyro, ring laser gyroscope, fiber optical gyroscope, hemispherical resonator gyro, dynamically tuned gyroscope and micro inertial sensors.

本课程教学内容由三部分组成：陀螺仪的基本理论，内容包括：陀螺力学基础（哥氏加速度、角动量定理和欧拉动力学方程、陀螺特性的力学解释）；陀螺仪运动方程和运动分析（用欧拉动力学方程建立完整方程、陀螺仪运动的技术方程和进动方程，用动静法建立技术方程）；坐标系及其变换；陀螺仪的漂移及其测试；典型陀螺仪器（包括陀螺罗经、陀螺找北仪、陀螺地平仪、平台罗经、速率陀螺仪和积分陀螺仪等）的工作原理；新型陀螺仪（包括静电陀螺仪、激光陀螺仪、光纤陀螺仪、半球谐振陀螺仪、挠性陀螺仪、微机械陀螺仪等）的原理及应用。

In plotting scene, the invention connects fiber-optic gyro(1) with full station instrument telescope(3) by adaptor(2), and make optical fibre gyro can follow full station instrument telescope simultaneously do 180 degree turning reel full station instrument cross shaft, respectively on two horizontal positions of east and west direction of gyro axis that differ by 180 degree; each horizontal position process 2 x 2 position gyro data acquisition on full station instrument perpendicular tray that differ by 180 degree; using formula to count out full station instrument collimation axis true azimuth, survey station meridian convergence angle, then can obtain full station instrument collimation axis grid azimuth, realize full station instrument orient.

基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法是一种应用于测绘工作的基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法，该方法在测绘现场，把光纤陀螺(1)通过连接装置(2)与全站仪望远镜(3)固连，使光纤陀螺(1)可随全站仪望远镜(3)绕全站仪横轴(4)同步做180度转动，分别在陀螺轴东西向相差180度两个水平位置，每个水平位置在全站仪竖盘相差180度的两个竖直位置进行2×2位置陀螺数据采集；利用公式算得全站仪视准轴真方位角、测站子午线收敛角，即可进一步获得全站仪视准轴坐标方位角，实现全站仪定向。

By the combination of experimental results with theory of crystal growth, some growth models and growth mechanisms were proposed. Research results confirmed that pillar-shaped TaC whisker with spherical droplet at the end grew via a vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, pillar-shaped whisker with pyramid-like end was formed via a vapor-solid mechanism, awl-shaped TaC whisker with zigzag end formed via a liquid-solid mechanism, awl-shaped TaC whisker with growth step at the end has a growth mechanism of screw dislocation mechanism. The growth mechanism of dumbbell-shaped MgO nanowhisker and NaCl particle-decorated MgO nanowhisker is VS; C and MgO powder-yielded MgO nanowhisker was formed via a VLS mechanism, Mg powder-yielded MgO microwhisker and MgO microsized or nanosized crystal sheet grew via a VS mechanism. In the Si and SiO〓 nanostructures, Si nanowires formed in higher-temperature zone grew via oxide-assistant mechanism, while Si nanowires or nanorods formed in lower-temperature zone have a growth mechanism of VLS, and the growth mechanism of SiO〓 nanowires is VS.

研究确定呈平直柱状且头部带有球形颗粒的TaC晶须是通过气-液-固机制生长；头部呈之字型的锥状TaC晶须则通过液-固机制生长；晶须头部为四棱锥状的粗长TaC晶须的生长机制是VS机制；顶端呈锥状且有生长台阶的TaC晶须通过螺位错机制生长；哑铃状氧化镁晶须和氯化钠颗粒修饰的氧化镁纳米晶须的生长机制是气-固机制：当采用C+MgO粉提Mg源时形成的氧化镁纳米晶须的生长机制是VLS，而采用直接热蒸发Mg粉时得到的氧化镁微米晶须的生长机制为VS，纳米和微米晶片的生长机制均为VS机制；在高温区，硅纳米线的生长机制是助氧化机制，在低温区硅纳米线和纳米棒的生长机制是VLS机制，而氧化硅纳米线的生长中VS机制占主导地位。

The formation mechanism of the absolute instability and gyrotron backward wave oscillations is analyzed, and the methods to suppress the parasitical modes are discussed.The nonlinear theory model of gyro-TWT is consummated by considering the influence of tapered magnetic field and waveguide radius, electron velocity spread, and waveguide loss on electron beam-wave interaction. The large-signal characteristic of gyro-TWT, such as launching loss and absolute instability, are also analyzed in detail. This work establishes the foundation for the development of a gyro-TWT amplifier.

重点研究了两段损耗波导结构和损耗陶瓷结构回旋行波管中的电子注-波互作用，分析了绝对不稳定性和回旋返波振荡的形成机制和抑制寄生模式的方法；完善了回旋行波管的非线性理论模型，并考虑了磁场和波导半径渐变、速度零散、波导损耗等因素对注-波互作用的影响；详细分析了发射损耗、相位稳定性等回旋行波管的大信号特征，为回旋行波管放大器的研制奠定了基础。

Some key part is ameliorated to meet the demands of working. This thesis mainly includes:(1) Analysing the working principle of the spring operateing mechanism, expatiating the character of the mechanism;(2) With the design aim of the spring operating mechanism, accomplishing the design of ZW□-12/630-20 outdoor HV vacuum breaker based on the systemic design theory of the spring operating mechanism, which includes spring mechanism of open-close switch; cam mechanism based on the principle of power balance; buckle-off mechanism with force-minished device; ratchet wheel mechanism with number-increased detent;(3) In the design on the spring operating mechanism for the outdoor vacuum breaker, using the air cushion device with speed controller to ensure the steady working of the spring operating mechanism;(4) Accoding the problem of daily maintenance for HV circuitbreaker, giving some effective steps of daily maintenance.

论文工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)从真空断路器弹簧操动机构的功能原理出发，详细分析了该机构的工作原理，阐述了机构工作的基本特性；(2)根据工程实际提出了真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计目标，在系统分析弹簧操动机构设计理论的基础上，完成了ZW□-12/630-20型户外真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计工作，其中包括真空断路器弹簧操动机构的分合闸弹簧机构的设计；以输出力特性曲线设计机构理论演化出的功率平衡原则为基础的凸轮机构的设计；带有减力机构的滚动摩擦扣结方式的脱扣机构设计；根据实际情况增加了棘爪数量的棘轮机构设计；(3)在真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计中，引入了速度控制模式空气缓冲器，对惯性负载起到了良好的自动缓冲效果，从而保证了真空断路器弹簧操动机构稳定、有效地运行，保证了真空断路器的动作质量；(4)针对目前真空断路器运行过程中存在的问题，提出了有效的日常维护措施。

However, operating of the high current, the output power, gain, and efficiency of gyro-TWT will be degraded where the absolute instability, gyrotron backward oscillation and reflective oscillation occur to cause mode competition. Stability issues comprise the key factors limiting the performance of the gyro-TWT, therefore physical origins of spontaneous oscillations in the gyro-TWT are analyzed and characterized.

然而受限於操作高电流，磁旋行波放大器可能引发绝对不稳定性、磁旋返波振荡(gyrotron backward oscillation；gyro-BWO)及反射振荡，造成模式竞争而抑制原先操作模式的放大波，进而影响其输出功率、增益及效率。

In this paper, the basic mathematical model was derived by means of two methods, the first is the twostar positioning algorithm in celestial navigation theory and the second is based on the gyro dynamics theory. The results from these two methods are identical and therefore are correct. The latitude is equal to the elevation-angle of the polar gyro. The course is the ideal output from the sensor fitted to the outer gimbal. The longitude is a function of the equator gyro's azimuth and elevation angles.

本论文用天文导航中的双星定位法和经典的陀螺力学原理两种方法建立了ESGM的基本数学模型，并且得到一致的结果，说明所建模型是正确的，即载体的纬度等于极轴陀螺主轴相对水平面的高度角，载体的航向等于极轴陀螺外环轴上角度传感器的理想输出，载体的经度是赤道陀螺的方位角和高度角的函数。

In this section, applying the method, from abstract to specific and from history to present, it analyzes the operation mechanism of urbanization economy affected by market mechanism; puts forward four theories of urbanization economy from economic perspective, including agriculture surplus and comparison advantage; non-agricultural industry; agglomeration economy and spillover effect, on this basis of the theories, it, on one hand, analyzes two kinds of internal mechanism in the chronologic operation of urbanization economies: increasing mechanism of urbanization economies in urban output industry; and changing mechanism from specialization to integration, which are the representations of the evolution of "mart" development; on the other hand, it analyzes two internal mechanism of dimensional operation of urbanization economy: internal spatial enlargement mechanism of urbanization economies from monocentric city to multi-center city, and external spatial enhancement mechanism which represents city-regionalization and city-chain connection, the later two mechanism represent the evolution of "polis" development.

这一部分，按照由抽象到具体和由历史到现代的研究方法，分析了市场机制作用下的城市化经济运行机理，从经济学角度提出了农业剩余与比较优势、非农产业、聚集经济、外溢效应四大城市化经济定理；在此基础上，一方面分析了城市化经济运行沿时间增长的两个内在内容提要机制：城市输出产业的城市化经济增长机制和从专业化到综合化的城市性质变迁机制，它们主要表现为&市&发展的延续；另一方面分析了城市化经济运行沿空间增长的两个内在机制：从单中心到多中心的城市化经济运行的内部空间扩展机理和表现为城市区域化、城市连绵体的城市化经济运行的外部空间扩展机理，它们主要表现为&城&发展的延续。

To reduce and compensate the influence of temperature on ring laser gyro bias error and attain the precision of inertial level gyro, the mechanism of RLG zero-bias error due to temperature is analyzed. Based on a great number of environmental temperature experiments of RLG, a general temperature compensating model and a new kind of BP neural network model are established. A method for identifying the model parameter is proposed. Simulation results show that the simplified compensating model can reduce the zero-bias by more than a magnitude and achieve real-time compensating feature.

零偏是衡量激光陀螺性能的一个重要指标，但其受温度影响很大，为了降低和补偿温度对激光陀螺零偏的影响，使其达到惯性级陀螺仪的精度要求，分析了温度对激光陀螺零偏误差的产生机理，在大量高低温环境试验的基础上，建立了一种通用的零偏温度补偿模型和一种BP神经网络模型，并给出了模型参数的辨识方法，仿真结果表明，对该模型作适当的简化，可以将零偏减小一个数量级以上，而且具有实时补偿性能。

Therefore, it is time to construct the government mechanism to conserve the historic cities and towns, which includes the mechanism of making laws and regulations, the mechanism of propagation and education, the mechanism of protecting and planning, the mechanism of accrediting, the mechanism of supervision, and the mechanism of punition.

根据我国现实，历史城镇保护的当务之急是构建政府保护机制。它包括法律法规制定机制、宣传教育机制、保护规划机制、审批机制、监管机制、处罚机制等。

Hanna: That's over now, isn't it?

都结束了，对吗

You must be ill. You look so pale.

你一定是病了，你的脸色苍白。