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Based on these observations, we hypothesised that (1) the length of the breeding season, food resources and predation are critical for the evolution of passerine reproductive patterns in alpine meadows;(2) that alpine meadow passerines used single-investment and accumulative-investment strategies;(3) that the typical clutch size was actually the most efficient for reproductive purposes;(4) and that the transition from neonate to fledgling passerines is a relatively fixed process as compensatory growth does not appear to occur;(5) and that growth period is volatile.

高寒草甸雀形目鸟类受适合繁殖季节长度、食物资源和捕食压力的影响，或选择逐步投资对策，或选择一次投资对策；每个种群的常见窝卵数就是最适窝卵数；雏鸟的发育模式相对固定，不存在补偿性生长，但是生长期长度是可变化的。

Aims In natural environments, resources of critical importance to plant growth are patchily distributed, even at a small spatial scale. The aims of this study are to address: 1 Centella asiatica exploitation of heterogeneous microsites in different habitats, 2 hierarchical effects of habitats and microsites with different herbaceous coverage on growth traits of C.

为研究克隆植物在不同生境中对小生境的利用能力和对不同尺度异质性生境的等级可塑性及其格局差异，比较了林缘和荒草坡不同草本层盖度小生境中积雪草分株种群、克隆片段和叶水平的形态和生理特征。

Result The results showed that the substrate carbon conversion efficiency of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim. and Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. was all a constant, was 0.55, 0.57 respectively. The adapted growth temperature scope of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim. and Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. was 14-24, 13-33 ℃ respectively. The optimal growth temperature of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim. and Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.

结果］结果表明，在所测定的范围内，随温度变化蒙古扁桃和柄扁桃的底物碳转化效率为常数，分别为0.55、0.57；适宜蒙古扁桃生长的温度范围为14~34℃，最适生长温度为25℃，适宜柄扁桃生长的温度范围为13~33℃，最适生长温度为24℃。

This indicates that PEGA prevents the growth of the CaCO_3 particles, while PEGA-PMAA promotes the growth of the CaCO_3 particles.

这说明PEGA在CaCO_3粒子生长过程中起了阻碍作用，而双亲水的PEGA-PMAA则促进了CaCO_3粒子的生长。

In conclusion,lacking for choline and methionine led to decrease growth performance decrease and tibia with short disease; Basal diet supplemented with 750 ppm – 1250 ppm Cholin improved Growth performance ,and prevented the occurrence of perosis. Higher dietary choline can alleviate the adverse effects of methionine and choline deficiency.

总结而论，缺乏胆碱与甲硫胺酸会导致生长性能下降和胫骨粗短症；饲粮中添加750~1250 ppm之胆碱可以改善生长性能及防止胫骨粗短症的发生；饲粮添加高剂量的胆碱，可以缓和甲硫胺酸和胆碱缺乏之不良影响。

MethodsThe transplanted tumor model of the mouse S180 sarcoma was established.Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups,the control group,the CTX group,the Gecko group.They were treated respectively with oral administration of saline,and intraperitoneal injection of CTX 100 mg/kg only one time,oral administration of Gecko in doses of 13.5,9,4.5 g/kg,one time a day.After 14 days,the anti-tumor activity was evaluated by tumor tissue weighing. The impact on immune organ was detected by accounting thymus index, spleen index and the number of peritoneal macrophage which phagocytose chicken red blood cells.The protein express of vascular endothelin growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were detected by SABC immunohistochemistry.

方法建立移植瘤小鼠S180肉瘤模型，将50只雌鼠随机分为对照组、环磷酰胺组、壁虎高组、中组、低组共5组，分别给于生理盐水灌胃1次/d，CTX（100 mg/kg）腹腔注射1次，壁虎高、中、低组（13.5，9，4.5 g/kg），每天灌胃1次。14 d后，称取荷瘤小鼠瘤重、胸腺重、脾脏重，计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数，观察腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡血红细胞实验指标；用SABC免疫组化法检测血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的蛋白表达，TUNEL方法检测细胞凋亡率。

There was significant allomatric growth of Phalaris arundinacea and Phalaris arundinacea between ramets height and biomass or constituent biomass, between ramets biomass and constituent biomass in wet and drought environments. And the relationship between ramets biomass or height and ramets quantitative characteristics also followed allomatric growth for Phragmites australis and Phragmites Jeholensis in wet and drought environments.

水生生境和旱生生境生长的虉草和紧穗三棱草，分株高度和分株生物量、组分生物量以及分株生物量和组分生物量间存在着极显著的异速生长关系；水生生境和旱生生境生长的芦苇以及水生生境生长的热河芦苇，分株生物量和分株数量性状以及分株高度和分株数量性状间存在极显著或显著的异速生长关系。

When the concentration of chitosan was 0.05 mg/ml in PDA culture medium, the colony growth of Botrytiscinera Persoon Fries and physalospora piricora nose was restrained remarkably; when the concentration of chitosan was 0.5 mg/ml, the colony growth of Sphaerotheca humuli. Burrill was restrained observably.

在含毒介质法的PDA培养基中，当壳聚糖浓度为0.05mg/mL时，草莓白粉病菌和梨轮纹病菌的菌落生长极显著地抑制（p＜0.01）；当壳聚糖浓度为0.50mg/mL时，草莓灰霉病菌的菌落生长极显著地抑制（p＜0.01）。

The purpose of this study is to screen microorganisms with growth inhibition against plant fungal pathogens. The plate-dilution method was used to isolate the bacteria from salt marshes at Dafeng, Jiangsu. The antifungal activity of the bacterial broth filtrates against 5 phytopathogens was determined using mycelial disk method. The antifungal compositions of four active bacteria were analyzed primarily with chromatography techniques. Two hundred and thirty-five aerobic (92) and anaerobic (143) bacterial strains have been isolated from the coast salt marsh and sixty-five strains, of which 39 are aerobic and 26 are anaerobic showed greater than 30% of inhibition rate against the growth of at least one of the phytopathogenic fungi on petri dish.

为了开发对植物病原真菌生长有抑制作用的药源微生物，本实验采用平板稀释法从江苏大丰盐沼湿地土壤中分离微生物，并通过菌丝块法检测这些微生物代谢产物对5种植物病原真菌生长的抑制活性，进而利用柱层析分析其活性成分；结果共分离得到235株细菌，其中好氧细菌92株，厌氧细菌143株；体外活性测试结果显示有65株至少对1种测试植物病原真菌的抑制率在30%以上，其中好氧菌39株，厌氧菌26株。

After analysing the influence on the growth of root and stem of three different nitrogen concentration and PH matrixes,we concluded that the notrogen concentration and pH value and their interaction have influences on the germination of seeds and the growth of Picea aspoerata seedling.

通过分析3种氮浓度及3个不同pH值基质下云杉幼苗根茎生长量的差异，通过实验表明：不同的氮浓度及不同的pH值及二者间的交互作用对云杉幼苗的萌发和幼苗的生长存在一定的影响。

The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Looking back the progressing history of the linear motor, introducing the features of the elevator driven by linear induction motor, radicating the topic of this paper "the digital frequency variable control of the elevator bi-side direct driven by linear induction motor". The research of this paper covers the conventional VVVF control, space vector based VVVF control, vector control and DTC.

本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： 1 回顾了直线电机发展历史，电机的驱动技术演变，特别是针对直线电机的驱动，简要介绍了直线感应电机驱动电梯的优点和不同结构类型，对传统的v／f控制，基于空间矢量法的v／f控制，矢量控制，和基于电压空间矢量的直接转矩控制进行了比较，确立了本课题的研究主题：直线感应电机双边直推式驱动电梯的全数字变频控制。

The article combines with the treatment of a superficial civil air defense work to introduce how the grouting method to improve the performance of the backfill soil.

文章从治理漂浮人防工事的角度提出了注浆技术在改善回填土性质方面的应用，并详细阐述了注浆技术的施工流程。