查询词典 graphic method

This method is independent from flow data, having fast rendering rate and high contrast output image. The parameters have obvious physical meaning, and different vision effect visualization output results are derived from different parameters combination. This method can take full advantage of the graphic card accelerator, and has successful application in the dynamic visualization of the flow data in crystal growth experiment during task research work.

该方法具有独立于流场数据、绘制速度快、生成图像对比度高的特点，参数物理意义明显，不同参数选择可得到不同视觉效果的可视化输出结果，能够充分利用现有硬件图形显示加速设备，已经被成功应用于空间晶体生长实验流场数据的可视化，获得了较好的效果。

This paper introduces the method for directive generation of adit graphic files with the information from multiple sources acquired during tunnel construction using MAPGIS component technology.

利用MAPGIS组件技术，实现了将隧道施工中采集的多源种类数据信息直接生成MAPGIS支持的平硐图形文件，并且能将平硐的图形信息和隧道采集数据进行连接与同时管理的功能。

These project practices usually involves to the high tech method suchas satellite and the air survey, photo graphic imagery computer processing and so on.

这些项目实践通常介入对高技术方法suchas卫星和航空勘测，相片图表成像计算机处理等等。

Cross Entropy method has recently been proposed as a heuristic method.It shows some simple performance in the process of solving combinatorial optimization problems.This paper makes full use of Cross Entropy method to obtain the best estimator for the max-cut problem which is a standard NP-hard problem in graph graphic theory.

交叉熵方法是近几年发展而来的一种启发式方法，在求解组合优化问题中显示出其简单有效的特点，将运用交叉熵方法寻求图论中一个典型的NP困难问题—最大割问题的最优解。

This article detailedly expatiated upon the principles, contents and methods of cropland classification; it analyzed the necessity to combine the work of cropland classification with GIS technology, summarized the attributions of ARC/INFOand some other related softwares; it established the technologic route of cropland classification supported by GIS, by a case study in Liwu Town,Li County Hebei Province, this article expatiated the practicable mechanism of combining the function of ARC/INFO with the work of cropland classification, and put forward some new ideas and approaches of utilizing GIS: this paper put forward the idea of coding the polygons in the basic graphic database such as soil map and land use map according to their attributes, and put forward the detailed coding project; based on the code databases, it expatiated upon the detailed approaches to create single梖actor map and output the final classification map; it put forward the principles and the method of creating classification units in the environment of GIS, that is how to keep the lines of soil polygon, the border of districts and the important objects such as residential areas, banks of rivers and roads ,and how to overlap single梖actor soil map and land use map, and to delete some vector lines of the overlapped map appropriately; it detailed the methods of creating mathematic model of classification coefficients in the environment of computer, and used FOXPRO6.0 programs to realize the automation of calculating coefficients; it represented the method of plotting the final map by overlapping various coverages according to the code tables and lookup tables, the process of outputting the cropland classifying map was finished by program.

本文法对耕地等别划分的原则、内容及方法作了较详细的阐述，介绍了多系数综合修正法的耕地等别计算方法及其具体应用和AHP的确权方法；分析了耕地等别划分工作与地理信息系统技术相结合的必要性，简要介绍了地理信息系统软件ARC／INFO及其他相关软件的功能特点，制定了地理信息系统支持下耕地等别划分的技术路线，通过对河北省蠡县蠡吾镇的实证研究，重点阐述了ARC／INFO及相关数据库软件与耕地等别划分结合的有效机制及GIS应用的一些新思想、新方法：提山了对土壤图和土地利用现状图等基础图形数据库进行特征编码的思想和具体的编码方案，阐述了基于与图形库相链接的特征编码表，单因素图提取、成果图的输出的具体实现方法；提出了GIS环境下耕地单元划分的原则和方法，即在保留土壤因素图斑界线、行政界线和重要地物等的原则下，将土壤单因素图和土地利用现状图进行拓扑叠加，对叠加图中的矢量线进行适当的删除；阐述了在计算机环境下，耕地分等参数计算模型建立的方法，并用FOXPRO6.0语言程序实现了参数计算的自动化；阐述了根据图形库特征编码表和建立绘图符号查找表，按不同图层叠加绘制成果图的方法，该过程用命令程序实现耕地等别图的输出。

Bring forward new method based on clockwise trend to search next path of outline and method based on counter-clockwise tread to search next path of closed graph after analyzing existing algorithmic. New algorithmic improves on graphic generating efficiency and intelligence of system.

在分析已有算法的基础上，提出基于顺时针行走方向搜索外轮廓下一条路径和基于逆时针行走方向搜索封闭图形下一条路径的算法，改进了以往算法的不足，提高了图形的生成效率和系统的智能化程度。

Firstly, several kinds of schemes were proposed according to the design demand. The best scheme was chosen after analyzing and comparing the schemes. The robot's structure was designed with Pro/Engineer and AutoCAD software. Secondly, the kinematics analysis conducted, coordinate transformation matrix using D-H method was set up, and the kinematics equation direct solution and inverse solution was deduced. The manipulative interface about the kinematics equation direct solution and inverse solution was completed with VC++ and the velocity Jacobian of displacement matrix was constructed using differential transform method. In the process of the trajectory planning based on robot's kinematics analysis, I propone a method by which we can get middle nodal point with normalizing factor in order to simplify our searching for these middle nodal points. In addition, I give these middle nodal points with actual physics signification. For eliminating contradiction between real-time and accuracy, I bring forward separately limit of error and reversal interpolation method. For decreasing calculation quantity, we resort to tri-spline interpolation in the articulation space.We analyse the work range of the robot by resorting to graphic means.

首先，作者针对机器人的设计要求提出了多个方案，对其进行分析比较后，选择其中最优的方案后用Pro/Engineer和AutoCAD软件进行了机器人模型结构设计；其次，进行了运动学分析，用D-H方法建立了坐标变换矩阵，推算了运动方程的正、逆解，运用VC++制作了正、逆运动学求解的求解界面；并且用微分变换法推导了速度雅可比矩阵；在基于机器人的运动学的轨迹规划中，通过在操作空间的规划，提出了归一化因子来求解中间结点，通过它可以使求解中间结点变得更简单，并且赋予这些中间结点实际的物理含义，对于规划中精确性和实时性的矛盾，提出了以误差极限法和反向插值法来解决的方法；为了减少规划过程中计算量，在关节空间进行三次样条插值；然后借助图解法进行工作空间分析，作出了实际工作空间的轴剖图。

Then, a description program language based on XML syntax is designed, which can describe hierarchy vector graphic entity and a method is presented, which can be translated XSVGDL document into SVG code because XSVGDL document cant be rendering in Internet browser. It can solve the structuralize problem of SVG document by above all methods. Structure Design of SVG-Based method is good for the content based storing and searching for SVG, and also strengthens the readability and expansibility of SVG code.

首先，在SVG文档结构化设计问题上，论文针对矢量实体图形特性，提出了矢量图形实体的结构模型和层次化方法，并设计了一种基于XML的描述层次化矢量图形的中间语言XSVGDL和一种将XSVGDL文档转换为SVG文档的方法，得到了可读性强、存储效率高且方便搜索引擎检索的SVG结构化文档。

The content of each part follow as: In the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study ofdefinition characteristic of NO, and the existing base of NO-E-Commerceenvironment; In the second one, this part studies the theory base of NO comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost; Chapter three studies the NO from the coordination of NO, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of NO firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of Virtual Enterprise Cluster; Based on such conclusion, studies the model of NO from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode; In Chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling NO with game theory and graphic theory; In the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of NO operational risks, coordination mechanism of NO was studied by individually modeling the NO without core and NO with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of NO; As an important component of coordination mechanism of NO, Chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in NO, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of NO for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in NO were given; The last chapter applied theconclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade Web-SUNBU.

全文共分为七章，主要内容如下：第一章作为全文的理论出发点和基础，围绕网络组织的定义、特征以及网络组织生存基础--电子商务环境等方面对网络组织的基本概念进行了阐述；第二章综合运用核心能力、竞争战略和交易费用理论对网络组织产生的理论基础进行阐述；第三章首先从组织协调的角度对网络组织进行了研究，给出了网络组织的结构，分类和特征，同时并给出了虚拟企业群簇；然后在此基础上分别研究了网络组织的生命周期模型、层次模型、过程模型、价值链模型，以及运行模式；第四章综合运用博弈论、图论的相关知识，通过构建网络组织的模型，对上一章所研究的网络组织结构的形成机理给出了一种理论解释；第五章在分析网络组织运行风险的基础上，分别建立无盟主网络组织的博弈论模型和有盟主网络组织的博弈论模型，详细研究了网络组织的协调机制，然后给出了网络组织协调机制的解决方案；第六章作为网络组织协调机制的重要组成部分，本章在讨论了网络组织中建立信任机制的必要性的基础上，研究了网络组织信任关系的类型，提出了在网络组织中如何建立信任机制。

The algorithm has some problems, such as bias problem, aliasing problem and one problem that affects none-shade part of image and is caused by Gaussian blur. To solve these problems, this paper makes some improvement on the algorithm. Firstly, it uses the Woos average depth principle and PCF algorithm to solving bias problem and aliasing problem; secondly, it designs and implements an effective method to control the range of blur; thirdly, it adapts any size texture to story information. This method for keeping information plays important part on raising realistic graphic; fourthly, it takes use of the technology of programmable graphics hardware and the method of FBO to improve efficiency of algorithm.

由于基于高斯模糊的阴影算法存在阴影走样、量化误差和高斯模糊影响非阴影部分图像等问题，因此本文从以下几个方面对算法进行了改进：第一，在算法中添加了woo的平均深度值原理和PCF算法，改善了量化误差和阴影走样问题；第二，设计并实现了一种方法，有效地控制了高斯模糊的范围，提高了三维图形的真实感；第三，使用任意大小的纹理进行存储，提高了阴影的真实感；第四，通过可编程图形硬件技术的应用，提高了算法的运行速度。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。