查询词典 graph method

Let G = V(G,E be a simple graph with |V| vertices and |E| edges. Let |V|= p,|E|= q, if there exists f: V →{1,2,...,p} be an injective mapping, and define an inducedfunction f":E→{1,2,...,q} by setting f"=|f-f| for all∈E. If f maps E onto {1,2,...,q}, then f is said to be a Skolem-graceful labeling of G, the graph G is said to be a Skolem-graceful graph.

对一个给定的简单图G=V(G，E，|V|和|E|分别是图G的顶点数和边数，令|V|=p，|E|=q，如果存在一个一一映射f：V→{1，2，…，p}，使得对所有边∈E，由f′=|f-f|所导出的映射函数f′：E→{1，2，…，q}是一一对应关系，则称f是图G的一个Skolem优美标号，图G被称为Skolem优美图。

A graph G is edge reconstructible if every edge reconstruction of graph G is isomorphic to graph G.

如果图G的每个边重构图都与图G同构，则称图G是边可重构的。

And in the same paper, Rose proved that if G is a graph with q edges, then graph K_{2q+1} can be partitioned into 2q+1 graphs which are isomorphic to graph G.

Rose在文献[2]中指出了Ringel猜想的证明与优美树猜想有关，并给出了一般的结论：设G是一个q条边的优美图，那么K_2q+1可分解出2q+1个图都同构于G。

E. MCNG-ISOMAP (Minimal Connected Neighborhood Graph-based ISOMAP), which can prune effectively "shortcut" edges, existed possibly in the neighborhood graph, based on that the minimal connected neighborhood graph can avoid "shortcut" edges effectively.

该算法能在一定程度上避免邻域大小难以有效选取的问题，同时还能在不依赖于邻域大小的情况下发现数据真正的固有维数。

A free edge in a Ramsey graph of K n is defined as whatever does the edge to be colored by one of two colors respectively,the graph will keep to be a Ramsey graph of K n.

在 Ramsey图 Kn中一条自由边定义为，即使单独改变这条边的颜色，所得到的新图仍是一个二色 Ramsey图 Kn 。

To prove one edge union of k-shell graph is cordial, firstly fix the labeling of vertex of common edge(label u with 0 and v with 1), then according to the value of the graph order n module 4 to class the k shell gaphs to four cases, and to divide to small cases in every shell graph.

本文研究k-贝壳图的亲切标号时，在固定了公共边上的点的标号(对u标号0且v标号为1)之后，我们采用如下方法：首先，以每个贝壳图的顶点数对4取模的余数来分类，这样就得到了四种(来源：d1ABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)不同情况的贝壳图；然后在每个贝壳图中再分情形进行标号；最后，通过证明得到这种标号方法是满足亲切标号的定义的，从而证明了k-贝壳图的亲切性，成功的解决了Sethuramam和Selvaraju猜想，证明了其正确性。

This paper explained the function and the structure of graph symbolism in details, and proposed the special significance of the culture to the graph mark , it has proven the characteristic that the graph mark and the cultural is paragenesis altogether ,through the concrete socialphenomenon.

本文详细解读了图形符号系统的功能和结构，由此提出了文化之于图形符号的特殊意义，并通过具体的社会现象论证图形符号与文化的共生共融的特性。

The multilevel partitioner of MVP achieves the better partitioning of weighted undirected graph by introducing the graph core during the coarsening phase,the spectral graph theory during the initial partitioning phase and swarm intelligence during the refinement phase.

MVP系统的多水平剖分程序引入图核到粗化阶段，谱图论到初始剖分阶段，群智能到投影优化阶段，得到了无向赋权图更优的剖分。

The former firstly establishes state graph of power system, and then, with the use of the adjacency matrix and path matrix of the directed graph, fast finds out the key transmission sections suffered greatly from the outages of overload lines through simple calculation of matrix. In the latter, the minimal short transmission path, the length of which is calculated with line impedance, is determined with graph theory to focus on security analysis objects from the whole network to some key transmission lines.

前者根据实时网络拓扑结构和潮流分布状态，在对初始电力网络简化、分区的基础上，利用有向图的邻接矩阵与路径矩阵，通过简单的矩阵运算，快速识别出与过载线路相关的关键输电断面；后者直接利用系统各支路的阻抗，从图论算法的基本思想出发，搜索最易遭受大负荷转移的关键传输路径，从而将安全性分析目标从整个网络缩小到某些关键的输电线路。

Chapter one is "Introduction". On the basis of summarizing the history of the study of the pictophonetic characters, we suppose some theoretical principle, such as the principle of the correspondence between the form and the meaning of the individual graph of Chinese characters, the principle of the total graphs of Chinese characters being a character-formation system, and the principle of the optimum development of the character -formation system in the history, and som analytic methods, such as the methods of structrue-function analysis, form-position analysis and meaning factor analysis, in the study of the pictophonetic characters. Chapter two is titled"General knwledge of the pictophonetic character." We discuss their origins, nature and some standards of distingnishing them, introduce the knowledge about the editions of SHUO WEN JIE ZI, analyse the functions of the modules of pictophonetic characters in detail, discuss concretely the function of phonetic graphs showing origins and pronunciations, the function of meaning graphs showing meanings and analogies, and the function of distinguishment when the two kinds of graphs are conbined. Chapter three is"The system of meaning graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."After we describe the structure of the meaning graph system, the relations between meaning graphs, the distributions of the function of meaning graphs showing meanings, and the frequency of all this kind of graphs, we get a table of all meaning graphs, a table of the frequency. Chapter four is"The system of phonetic graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."We describe the structure of the phonetic graph system, the relations between phonetic graphs, and between their function showing origins and their function showing pronunciations, and their frequency, then we get ageneral table of phonetic graphs and table of their frequency. Chapter five is "conclusion". We think that systematical methodology is useful in describing and analysing the formation system of Chinese characters. The methodology is adaptable in describing the formation system of modern Chinese characters as well as the historical character systems, adaptable in describing horizontally as well as comparing vertically. Only when we finish the systematical vertical compare on the base of systematical horizontal decription, could we know the true history of the system of Chinese characters, recover the rule of the system's development, and supply the theoretical supports for the scientifical arrangement of modern Chinese characters.

第一部分—绪论，在总结形声字研究历史状况的基础上，提出了研究形声系统的理论原则和分析方法，即汉字个体字符形义统一的思想，汉字字符集合构形系统的思想，汉字构形系统历史演变系统优化的思想等三项理论原则和结构功能分析法，形位分析法，义素分析法等三种分析方法，还扼要地介绍了具体的工作程序和论文的主要内容；第二部分—形声字概述，论述了形声字的来源、性质和鉴别标准，介绍了对《说文解字》正篆形声字说解中的传抄讹误，版本异文，说解错误校勘和考证的经过，详细分析了形声字构件的功能，具体讨论了声符的示源功能与示音功能，义符的示意功能与类化功能以及声符与义符组合中的相互区别功能；第三部分—小篆字系的义符系统，从义符系统的构成、义符间的相互关系，义符示意功能的分布及义符的构字频度等不同侧面，对义符系统进行了全面的描写，产生了义符总表、义符间意义关系总表和义符构字频度总表；第四部分—小篆字系形声字的声符系统，从声符系统的构成、声符间的相互关系，声符的示源功能与示音功能的关系以及声符的构字频度等不同侧面，对声符系统进行了全面描写，产生了声符总表和声符构字频度总表；第五部分—结束语，在全面测查小篆字系形声字的基础上，对研究汉字的方法和现代汉字发展方向的问题提出了一些看法，认为系统论的方法是描写和分析汉字构形系统行之有效的方法，系统论方法，不仅适用于历史上文字系统的描写，也适用于现代汉字构形系统的描写，不仅适用了断代描写，也适用于历史比较，只有在对汉字断代系统描写的基础上进行系统的历史比较，才能认清汉字系统历史演变的真相，揭示汉字系统发展的客观规律，为科学地整理现代汉字提供理论上的依据。

Finally it offers the analysis of the fault-tolerance system as well as its test verification.

这样，运行于空间环境中的系统的设计目标就是在保证系统实时性

However, it is still difficult to find out the real reason of the increase of the keratinized gingiva during the orthodontic extrusion whether it is due to the proliferation of the gingival tissue or to its elastic nature, that is because the proliferation of the fibroblasts as well as the connective tissue changes in volume and the intra-fibers spaces were all immeasurable in most of the studies.

然而，仍然难以找到真正的原因增加的角化牙龈在正畸挤压它是否是由于扩散的牙龈组织或其弹性性质，这是因为增殖的成纤维细胞以及作为结缔组织的变化量和内部纤维空格都是不可估量的，大多数的研究。