查询词典 gradient

Based on the acoustic absorption theory of microperforated panel and by the means of the theoretical analysis and emulation, the paper focuses on the acoustic characteristic including acoustic impedance, frequency and acoustic absorption coefficient of microperrforated panel working in the combustion chamber which has high temperature and great temperature gradient.

摘要根据微穿孔板吸声理论，采用理论分析和仿真的方法，着重讨论微穿孔板在温度梯度下的声阻抗、共振频率和吸声系数等声学特性，分析其受温度影响变化的机理。

We have studied the micro-structures of trumpet shells,actinia,skin and bamboos, and the bionic design principles and methids for integrated coatings, which inclde gradient coating,duplex coating,composite coating,hybrid coating,super lattice coating, were presented by this group.

研究了海螺壳、海葵、荷叶、皮肤与竹等的微结构，提出了整合涂层（包括梯度涂层、二元涂层、复合涂层、混合涂层、超晶涂层）的仿生设计原理和方法。

There are many difficulties in getting parameters when using Q system. In addition, the compound of strike, angle of gradient and discontinuities were not taken into consideration.

根据分级结果对比发现，Q系统具有分级指标获取困难的特点，且未能考虑边坡走向、坡角与结构面组合情况及坡高等因素对边坡稳定性的影响，难以适应边坡工程中稳定性评价的要求。

Adenosine Triphosphate,the direct energy-serving molecule in the cell, is synthesized with ATP synthase under proton gradient.

ATP是由ATP合酶在质子梯度推动下合成的细胞直接功能物质。

The Frechet derivative of the cost function is determined via the solution of an adjoint partial differential equation, and the boundary shape is then modified in a direction of descent. This process is repeated until an optimum solution is approached. The advantage is that the cost function variation is independent of the flow field variation, with the result that the gradient of cost function with respect to arbitrary number of design variables can be determined without the need for additional flow-field evaluations. So each design cycle requires the numerical solution of both the flow and the adjoint equations leading to a computational cost roughly equal to the cost of two flow solutions.

虽然他们的研究成果大多数都可以在公开性文献上看到，但是其中一些具体的细节问题的处理方法却没有透露，比如：伴随方程如何离散求解才能减小最终梯度计算中的误差，使得设计过程有效地进行；伴随方程与流动方程的边界条件是不同的，如何合理地处理伴随方程的边界条件，才能推动设计过程朝着设计目标而发展；在减阻问题中目标函数如何定义，求解梯度的具体数学公式如何推导，如何通过数值方法来实现它们等。

A kind of on-line gradient learning algorithms based on signal flow graphs isproposed for neural networks on-line training. The signal flow graph and adjoint one of aneural network are used to compute the its gradients.

对于动态神经网络在线学习而言，该算法避免了传统梯度计算中复杂的链式求导过程，利用神经网络的信号流图及其线性的伴随流图，可以直接计算任何变量的梯度信息。

The sensitivity gradient can be calculated in a very cheap way through an adjoint system,which makes it a huge advantage in reducing cost.

基于控制理论的气动设计方法作为一种基于梯度的优化方法，通过引入伴随系统计算目标函数的敏感性导数，大大降低设计成本。

For a nonlinear autonomous dynamic system, there exists an adjoint system, which is a gradient system. All equilibrium points of the original system are stable equilibrium points in the adjoint system.

对于一个非线性自治动力系统，存在一个伴随系统，该伴随系统是一个梯度系统，原始系统的所有平衡点都是伴随系统的渐近稳定平衡点，并且每一平衡点存在解析形式的Lyapunov函数。

Spectral methods and the classical Crank-Nicolson scheme are applied to deduce the full discrete system for the continuous model, then the variational adjoint assimilation approach is used to derive the gradient and the corresponding adjoint system.

从这个全离散问题出发，结合全局或局部已知的观测数据，分别构造梯度下降算法求解相应的最优化问题。我们分析了采用不同方法计算梯度所需的代价，另外，还给出一种选择最优迭代步长的算法。

But this does not mean that the adjoint method can not be used to calculate the gradient.

但这并不意味着在梯度计算中不能使用伴随方法。

Researches reveal that students who suffer from corporal punishment tend to resort to violence in their future life.

研究表明遭受过肉体惩罚的孩子倾向于在他们今后的人生中使用暴力。

Total sugar of sarcocarp and chlorophyll of pericarp increased firstly, and then decreased afterward along with altitude; Titratable acidity, ascorbicacid and anthocyanin of pericarp were increased along with altitude; The content of protein increased firstly and decreased afterward along with altitude; Carotenoid of pericarp were decreased along with altitude.

果肉总糖和果皮叶绿素含量随海拔高度升高先升高后降低；可滴定酸、维生素C和果皮花青苷含量均随海拔升高而升高；蛋白质在1720m处最大，1420m处最小；果皮类胡萝卜素随海拔升高而降低。