查询词典 gradient of scalar field

The three dimensional flow field in the triple-screw extruder with triangle configuration is the research objects of this task, including velocity field, pressure field and shear rate field etc., simulate the representative flow field in metering section of the triple-screw extruder, consisted of three-thread element with75mm pitch, has been simulated at the screw speed of 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300rpm and the flowing regulations in flow field and especially the role of the unique center zone affecting to the conveying and pressure generating ability have also been analyzed.

本课题以三角形排列的三螺杆挤出机三维流场为研究目标，研究内容包括速度场、压力场、剪切速率场等。模拟分析首先以螺距75mm的三头螺纹元件为代表，计算由其构成的三螺杆挤出机在60、120、180、240及300rpm转速下的流场，分析流动规律，并分析了特有的中心区在输送、建压方面的作用。

The following are main contents studied: A finite element method for Navier-Stokes equation with ALE formulation is considered and by combined with theNewmark method of numerical intergration a pressure correction scheme is obtained for the solution of the FE formulation of N-S equation. Because the incompressibility condition can be satisfied approximately in this scheme, the interpolation functions of elements can be equalorder for the velocity field and pressure field. In the ALE formulation the fluid-solid interaction analysis became a three-field coupling problem of the fluid field, the solid field and the fluid dynamic mesh. The properties and charactiristices of this three-field coupling problem are deeply discussed.

研究的主要内容有：主容器中流体大晃动是一种强非线性问题，文中研究了求解ALE描述的粘性流体N-S方程的有限元方法，以有利于大晃动自由液面的跟踪和流体大晃动中非线性现象的描述；并结合Newmark数值积分法推出了求解ALE型N-S方程的压力修正解法，由于这种解法可以近似满足不可压条件，因此可以采用速度场和压力场等阶插值的有限元离散格式，从而较好地解决了普遍采用的不等阶插值解法中，速度场和压力场数值精度不一致、程序编制不便等的不足。

For the image with random field feature, the description language is probability distribution model, and the description length equals the negative base-two logarithm of the probability of the image data; For the region homogeneity properties of active contour, the description language is chosen as a sign gradient map, and the description length is the summation of sign gradient inside the active contour; For the active contour regularity, the description language is smoothness, and the corresponding description length is the length of active contour curve.

随机场图像的描述语言采用概率分布模型，描述长度是围道内外区域中图像数据概率的以2为底对数的负数；活动围道区域一致性的描述语言为有符号的梯度图，描述长度是围道内区域有符号梯度的总和；围道形态的描述语言采用平滑性，描述长度正比于围道的长度。

When the temperature gradient and the magnetic field gradient are in the same direction, the heat transfer can be strengthened.

磁场与温度场和浓度场之间的方向协同良好时，能起到强化氨水吸收过程中传热传质的作用。

The present experiment demonstrated that the unhomogeneity of surface tension induced by gradient magnetic field near the surface of liquid could lead to surface deformation, the quantity and direction of deformation are directly related to the distribution of gradient filed, and a new way to the research of the kinetics of Buoyant-Thermcapillary Convection is proposed.

得到了结论：液体表面附近处的梯度磁场将引起表面张力的不均匀而使其发生变形，变形量及方向与磁场强度和梯度的空间分布有直接关系，为浮力-热毛细对流的相关研究提供一种新的途径。

The reaction and influence involving the mechanism of crystal and the interior flow field was developed when impeller machine transferring bittern .Based on the measurement through PIV and numerical simulation,the reason that deposition mass rate and removal mass rate is changed along with the increase of crystal layer was analyzed. Moreover,the viewpoint was developed that the change is the result of the reaction among temperature gradient,velocity gradient,turbulent intensity and the temperature stress within the crystal layer.

提出叶轮机械输送卤水时，结盐过程与内部流场相关且相互影响、相互作用，并在进行PIV内流测试和数值模拟的基础之上，综合运用多学科理论，依据Kern-Seaton模型，分析了沉积率与脱除率随盐析层增长而发生变化的原因，提出了这种变化是温度梯度、速度梯度、湍动度及盐析层内部温度应力等各种因素交叉影响的结果。

This thesis mainly calculate and analyze the effect of gravitational gradient based on the torsion pendulum, the result showed that for the modulated torsion pendulum, the torque caused by the gravitational gradient reached to 10~(-12)Nm, while the dissymmetry of round gravitational field can also affect the experiment.

本文主要计算和分析引力梯度效应对弱等效原理实验的影响，结果发现对于调制的扭秤，由于系统的不对称所引起的引力梯度效应达到了10~(-12)Nm，而周围引力场的不对称同样也会对实验产生不同程度的影响。

In chapter 4,We re-compute the corrections to black hole entropy dueto the scalar field and Dirac field by using the grand canonical ensemble.

第四，利用巨正则系综重新计算了静态球对称黑洞的熵。

A theoretical model based on isothermal mixture was established in which the intermittency was explained by interaction between the scalar concentration field and the vortex momentum field.

利用这一模型对射流边界的卷吸，燃料与氧化剂的混合以及这种作用对扩散火焰点火条件的影响进行了理论解释，从而为火焰熄火的预测提供了一种新的理论模型。

It can be used to study not only both of scalar field and Dirac field,but also massive and massless particle radiation.

Hawking在2004年之前一直坚信，黑洞的演化过程信息是不守恒的，黑洞的演化不满足量子理论的幺正性[4]。

Another difficulty may be mentioned in connection with this portion of the Epistle.

另一个困难可能会提到的这部分书信。

In the reference, through its thermal balance test, the electric furnace production of heat loss part of yellow phosphorus (transformer, short nets, cover, shell) of the total energy consumption of 10 to 13, 8%, their number is not small.

在有关的参考文献中，通过对其热平衡进行测试后，电炉黄磷生产中热损失部分（变压器、短网、炉盖、炉壳）占总能耗的10~13 、 8 %，其数量不小。