查询词典 gradient method

The system parameters are determined by optimizing an output-error cost function. To deal with the non-uniqueness of the fully parameterized state-space system, a projected gradient search algorithm is presented by restricting the update of the parameters to the tangent space to the manifold of observationally equivalent state-space systems. The sufficient condition to employ L-M algorithm for optimizing parameters is also introduced. The proposed hierarchical optimization identificationmethod includes two steps: First, the parameter search direction is determined by the proposed adaptive L-M projected gradient approach; Second, the optimum step size is computed according to a line search method.

通过极小化输出误差目标函数获得了系统参数估计；提出了正交梯度搜索方法用于解决系统参数的非唯一性问题，正交梯度搜索的本质是在输入-输出等价类相切平面的正交垂空间更新系统参数；给出了用 L-M 算法进行参数优化的充分条件；提出的系统参数递阶优化辨识方法包括两步：首先用给出的自适应 L-M 算子正交梯度方法确定参数优化方向；其次由一维搜索方法计算最佳步长。

Firstly,effectively edge information was picked-up by comparing and choosing maxima from colour weight gradient images.Then,a method based on multi-threshold segmentation was proposed,which can eliminate inefficacious gradient information.Finally,procedures and results of the algorithm were introduced.

首先比较并选取彩色分量图像梯度信息的最大值，达到提取图像有效边缘信息的目的；然后提出基于多阈值分割的方法消除无效梯度信息；最后介绍了算法的步骤及结果。

The purpose of this dissertation is to study a principle or method to describe and analyze the complex problems with high gradients arising from practical engineering. The main contents cover:1. The Bezier function was introduced to approximate high gradient functions, and a suitable coupled function was derived. Some detail numerical results show that the Bezier-based function is dominant over other combination function such as polynominal and trigonometric series, when to describe a high gradient function.

针对工程中大量存在的高梯度问题进行函数逼近的研究，引入Bezier函数对高梯度问题进行函数逼近，构成以Bezier函数为主的复合逼近函数，数值考证表明：与常规多项式插值函数的逼近及"幂／三角"复合函数的逼近相比，基于Bezier函数的逼近函数对高梯度问题的描述具有明显优势。

In order to make the new recursive method convergence fast, the RLS-like forgetting factor is introduced to construct the new data Hankel matrices. In the framework of subspace methods, the gradient type subspace tracking method is used to implement the update of the state subspace, which results the unbiased estimate. Different from traditional offline method, the system matrices are recursively computed using RLS method. The convergence analysis of the proposed method is given and finally, the efficiency of this method is illustrated with a simulation example.A new closed-loop identification method is proposed to implement consistency estimation of closed-loop subspace identification.

引入RLS-like遗忘因子机制构造新的数据矩阵，更好地跟踪系统时变信息，提高递推算法的收敛速度；在子空间辨识框架内，采用梯度型子空间跟踪算法实现对状态子空间的更新，避免了子空间近似带来的估计有偏性；与传统的离线算法不同，在得到系统状态子空间后，基于递推最小二乘方法提出新的算法，实现对系统矩阵的递推估计；并给出递推子空间辨识算法的收敛性分析；最后通过仿真实例验证算法的有效性。

This paper presents the geostrophic and gradient wind appropriate calculation formulas used on facsimile surface weather chart, puts forward a new method of sea surface wind estimating from the theoretical wind speed by establishment of the wind speed correction database. Also the application characteristics and advantages of the gradient wind calculation method on severe weather system are discussed.

为了深入探讨海面风估算方法，给出了传真地面天气图上地转风、梯度风的近似计算公式，介绍了用传真图实时计算地转风与梯度风的实现方法，提出了通过建立风速订正值库由风速理论值实时估测平均海面风速的一种新方法，并深入探讨了梯度风测风方法在强天气测风中的应用特点和优势。

He correspondence between two point set surfaces was established based on the deformation gradient and the moving least square method. The deformation gradient was decomposed into a rotation and a stretching component with the matrix polar factorization. Then each component was interpolated in dividually over the time. Shape interpolation was implemented through a global quadric energy optimization.

基于该变形梯度以及移动最小二乘方法建立了源点云与目标点云之间的对应关系；将变形梯度进行矩阵极分解，对分解后的各分量分别进行插值，再通过一个全局的二次能量优化实现点云曲面的形状插值。

ASP model was established by injecting with 35 g/L taurocholic acid into the biliopancreatic duct. Both groups were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 12 h with 8 rats at each time point. At scheduled time, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was drawn and PMNs were then obtained by gradient density gradient centrifugation method. ratio of apoptosis and necrosis of PMN was assayed by flow cytometry and LDH as well as index of lung permeability were measured.

实验组大鼠穿刺胰胆管并注入35 g/L牛磺胆酸钠制作ASP大鼠模型，分别在制模后3， 6， 12 h剖杀，于预定时相取支气管灌洗液，密度梯度离心分离PMN，用流式细胞仪测定PMN凋亡、坏死比例，同时测定乳酸脱氢酶含量、肺通透指数。

ASP model was established by injecting with 35 g/L taurocholic acid into the biliopancreatic duct. Both groups were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 12 h with 8 rats at each time point. At scheduled time, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was drawn and PMNs were then obtained by gradient density gradient centrifugation method. The ratio of apoptosis and necrosis of PMN was assayed by flow cytometry and LDH as well as index of lung permeability were measured.

实验组大鼠穿刺胰胆管并注入35 g/L牛磺胆酸钠制作ASP大鼠模型，分别在制模后3， 6， 12 h剖杀，于预定时相取支气管灌洗液，密度梯度离心分离PMN，用流式细胞仪测定PMN凋亡、坏死比例，同时测定乳酸脱氢酶含量、肺通透指数。

ASP model was established by injecting with 35 g/L taurocholic acid into the biliopancreatic duct. Both groups were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 12 h with 8 rats at each time point. At scheduled time, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was drawn and PMNs were then obtained by gradient density gradient centrifugation method. The ratio of apoptosis and necrosis of PMN was assayed by flow cytometry and LDH as well as index of lung permeability were measured.

实验组大鼠穿刺胰胆管并注入35 g/L牛磺胆酸钠制作ASP大鼠模子，分别在制模后3， 6， 12 h剖杀，于预定时相取支气管灌洗液，密度梯度离心疏散PMN，用流式细胞仪测定PMN凋亡、坏死比例，同时测定乳酸脱氢酶含量、肺通透指数。

First, the color-image was preprocessed with grayscaling, smoothing. The vertical gradient components of the image were found using the vertical mask of Sobel operator. Then the candidate areas with sufficient amount of edges were determined by calculating the gradient of edges. After finding possible vehicle candidates, the proposed method measured the prominent vertical symmetry of candidate areas and verified all possible candidates, as symmetry is an important feature of vehicle. The proposed method also figured out the vertical axis of symmetry and the width of the candidate vehicle.

算法首先对图像进行灰度化、平滑去噪等预处理，使用Sobel算子垂直方向掩模计算图像感兴趣区域内的边缘梯度，确定候选区域；而后根据车辆图像垂直边缘具有对称性的特点，分析候选区域的对称性强弱，并计算其对称轴位置和车辆宽度。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。