查询词典 globular cluster

This paper make a general analyze of the SMES Cluster, define the conception of SMES Cluster, the forming of SMES Cluster and the basic types of SMES Cluster, study the important function of the SMES Cluster to the country, the district and the enterprises selves.Second, this paper research comparatively of three different international SMES Cluster cases and three different domestic SMES Cluster cases. Three different international SMES Clusters include the Italianism SMES Cluster, the Croatia SMES Cluster and the SMES Cluster which are formed by the multinational corporations" investment. Three different domestic SMES Clusters include the Zhejiang province SMES Cluster, Shandong province SMES Cluster and the Zhongguancun SMES Cluster.Finally, on the basic of analysis in cases, according to the current situation of Jiangsu and analysis of cluster development condition of SMES, explore the SMES Cluster development mode and pattern in Jiangsu. The main types of SMES Cluster in Jiangsu include Spontaneous growing up type, enterprise"s expanding type, market driving type, urging type of science and technology, and driving type of the foreign capitals.

本文通过对中小企业集群的一般分析，界定中小企业集群的概念、形成、基本类型以及中小企业集群对国家、对区域、对企业本身的重要作用；其次，对国外三种不同类型的中小企业集群(意大利式中小企业集群、克罗地亚造船厂式中小企业集群、跨国公司投资形成的中小企业集群)和国内三个不同地区的中小企业集群(浙江省中小企业集群、山东省中小企业集群、中关村中小企业集群)的案例进行比较分析研究；最后，在案例分析的基础之上，根据江苏的现状以及中小企业集群发展条件的分析，探索江苏集群发展的模式和格局，江苏的中小企业的发展模式主要有自发成长型、企业扩张型、市场带动型、科技驱动型、外资带动型。

The following is the research frame of this dissertation:Chapter one: Introduce background, research significance, research object, research contents and methods of this dissertation; review the history of clusters theoretical research in detail; dissertate main research dynamic status of domestic and international;Chapter two: Through explain theoretical foundation of cluster research, it defines and demarcates clusters, introduces the concept of private enterprises" cluster on this basis, and summarizes current situation of Quanzhou private enterprises" cluster;Chapter three: Propose the concept of cluster competitiveness, collect and analysis those factors which influence cluster competitiveness, and set up an appraisal system of private enterprises" cluster competitiveness;Chapter four: Define developing stages of private enterprises" cluster with clusters" dominance competitiveness, analysis characteristic and law of private enterprises" cluster in different life cycle, give out strategic countermeasures separately which promote cluster competitiveness in different stage;Chapter five: On the basis chapter three and chapter four, propose what we can use cluster strategic planning to promote Quanzhou cluster competitiveness; and recommend thought of cluster strategic planning;Chapter six: Introduce the case of Quanzhou sports shoes cluster, use competitiveness appraise system and life cycle theory for empirical analysis, and put forward detailed countermeasure that can promote cluster competitiveness;Conclusion: Summarize the research of full dissertation, and point out some weaknesses of this dissertation.

本文的研究框架如下：第一章：介绍本文选题的背景、研究意义、研究对象、内容与方法，并详细论述集群理论研究的历史回顾及当前国内外主要研究动态；第二章：通过阐述产业集群研究的理论基础，定义及界定产业集群，在此基础上引入民营企业产业集群的概念，并归纳总结了泉州市民营企业产业集群的现状；第三章：提出产业集群竞争力的概念，对影响集群竞争力的因素进行分析，初步建立一套民营企业产业集群竞争力的评价体系；第四章：应用集群显性竞争力来界定民营企业产业集群发展的生命周期阶段，并分析民营企业产业集群在各个不同生命周期阶段呈现的特征及规律，分别给出在不同阶段提升集群竞争力的战略对策；第五章：在第三、四章的基础上提出应用产业集群战略规划来提升泉州民营企业产业集群的竞争力，并介绍了集群战略规划的思路；第六章：引入泉州运动鞋产业集群的案例，应用本文构建的集群竞争力评价体系及生命周期理论进行实证分析，并提出提升该集群竞争力的详细对策；结论：总结全文的研究，并指出本论文研究的一些不足之处。

Explanation: M4 is a globular cluster visible in dark skies about one degree west of the bright star Antares in the constellation Scorpius. M4 is perhaps the closest globular cluster at 7000 light years, meaning that we see M4 only as it was 7000 years ago, near the dawn of recorded human history. Although containing hundreds of thousands of stars and spanning over 50 light-years, M4 is one of the smallest and sparsest globular clusters known. A particularly unusual aspect for a globular cluster is M4's central bar of stars.

M4是一个肉眼可见的球状星团，位于天蝎座心宿二的东面约一度位置。M4可能是最靠近我们的球状星团距离约7000光年，这意味着我们看到的是7000年以前的M4，即人类历史有文字记载的开始阶段，它跨越50光年包含有数10万颗恒星。M4是已知在尺度及包含恒星数量上最小的球状星团。M4独特之处是它中心的棒状结构。

In GORP, gateways share part of the work of cluster-heads for maintaining routing and transmitting data. In this way, the burden of cluster-heads was reduced and cluster-heads were no longer the bottleneck of the network. When the merging of clusters occurs, which is caused by the moving of a cluster-head to the range of another cluster-head, the moving cluster-head should be set as an ordinary node, and the original still cluster-head as the cluster-head of the new cluster.

在该协议中，网关在路由维护与数据传送中分担群首的部分工作，以降低群首的负担，使得群首不再成为整个网络的瓶颈；当群首移动导致群合并时，让运动群首作为第二个群的普通成员，原来静止的群首担任新群的群首，最大限度保证群的稳定性。

In GORP, gateways share part of the work of clusterheads for maintaining routing and transmitting data. In this way,the burden of cluster-heads was reduced and cluster-heads were no longer the bottleneck of the network. When the merging of clusters occurs, which is caused by the moving of a cluster-head to the range of another cluster-head, the moving cluster-head should be set as an ordinary node, and the original still cluster-head as the cluster-head of the new cluster.

在该协议中，网关在路由维护与数据传送中分担群首的部分工作，以降低群首的负担，使得群首不再成为整个网络的瓶颈；当群首移动导致群合并时，让运动群首作为第二个群的普通成员，原来静止的群首担任新群的群首，最大限度保证群的稳定性。

Via study earnestly overseas and domestic theory literature about urbanization, cluster of small-and-medium-sized enterprises and the relativity between both, the author has primarily hold the coupling and acting each other internality mechanism which between cluster of small-and-medium-sized enterprises and urbanization, and think urbanization effect is the common essence characteristic of urbanization and cluster of enterprises; cluster of enterprises is the economy support of urbanization, the enterprise clusters in special area is the internal restrict condition of the town bringing and outspreading, whereas, cluster of enterprises is the precondition and condition of population cluster; Urbanization is the effective carrier and space support, which offer effective drive and condition to the formation and development of enterprise cluster.

在对国内外城镇化、中小企业集群及二者相关性等方面的理论文献进行认真研究的基础上，本文初步掌握了中小企业集群与城镇化之间耦合互动的内在机理：集聚效应是城镇化与企业集群共同的本质特征；企业集群是城镇化的经济支撑，企业在特定区域的集聚是城镇产生与扩张的内在约束条件，而人口的集聚又以企业集聚为前提和条件；城镇化是企业集聚的有效载体和空间依托，为企业集群的形成与发展提供有效的动力和条件。

The third chapter aims to discuss the self-organization essence, self-organization growth mechanism, the pattern of self-organization evolving growth.The fourth chapter aims to discuss particularly the correlative mechanism between clusters dynamic core capacity and clusters sustainable growth, and the obtaining of cluster sustainable competitive advantage basede on dynamic core capacity and the fostering and newing of cluster dynamic core capacity based on discussing the rigid competitive advantage. The fifth chapter aims to explain the effecting mechanism of government influencing cluster self-organization-evolvement and the fostering and upgrading of cluster dynamic capacity based on the theory gist of government surpports .The sixth chapter aims to analyse the High-tech industrial clusters of Silicon Valley in American and Low piezoelectricity cluster of Liu shi in zhengjiang province and explains to how self-organization , dynamic core capacity and government surpports effect industrial clusters sustainable gowth.The dissertation's main innovation lies in the following :mechanism model of cluster sustainable growth is constructed under dynamic environment based on self-organization theory and dynamic core capacity theory .

本文共分6章，第1章主要阐述本论文的研究背景、研究问题和研究意义，综述相关的国内外文献，并提出本论文的研究逻辑思路、研究方法和主要内容；第2章在对产业集群本质再认识和集群持续成长内涵分析的基础上，从自组织理论和动态核心能力理论视角，构建了动态环境下集群持续成长机制的概念模型；第3章主要探讨了集群持续成长的自组织本质、自组织成长机理和自组织演化成长模式；第4章在分析集群竞争优势刚性的基础上，提出集群动态核心能力的概念，分析了集群动态核心能力的构成要素及其对集群持续成长的作用机制，探讨了集群动态核心能力的演进与产业集群持续成长的关联机理，并进一步探讨基于集群动态核心能力集群持续竞争优势的获取问题，最后是关于集群动态核心能力的培育与更新的探讨；第5章在论述政府对集群支持的理论依据的基础上，分别探讨了政府对集群自组织演进和对集群动态核心能力的培育和提升的作用机制；第6章实例研究，论文选取了美国硅谷高科技产业集群和浙江柳市低压电器产业集群进行实例分析，研究了自组织、动态核心能力和政府支持三大机制在集群持续成长过程中的作用。

At last,based on the traditional cluster-cluster aggregation model we introduce acritical cluster size and a breakup exponent that depends on the fragment sizes in thereversible and irreversible cluster-cluster aggregation processes.

在第六和第七章中，我们研究了临界集团的大小对可逆和不可逆集团聚集过程标度行为的影响。我们知道，在一般的CCA模型中，只要二个集团通过扩散碰到一起，它们便融合成一个更大的集团。

Under cluster innovation environment, SMEs could choose integration of industry, learning and research, technology introduction, cooperative research and development; Empirical studies show that the variable of cluster innovation environment and technical innovation competence in SMEs exits positive correlation; the management department of government and science and technology park should perfect cluster innovation environment,the SMEs should use cluster innovation environment more positively,perfect innovation resources sharing mechanism and cluster learning mechanism, perfecting intermediary service system,establish SMEs'technology innovation system.

政府及科技园区相关管理部门应该进一步完善集群创新环境建设，为群内中小企业营造良好的技术创新环境；中小企业应该更有效的积极利用集群创新环境，更多的通过合作创新实现技术创新能力的提升；健全创新资源共享机制与集群学习机制；健全中介服务体系，建立中小企业技术创新体系，提高中小企业自身技术创新能力。

In terms of memory hierarchy, we investigated how to improve the cache hit rate and localize data according to the characteristics of cache, master memory, local disk and remote disk in cluster systems. As for communication, features of cluster systems and different cluster internal networks are examined. Two popular parallel programming models - message passing model and share memory model - are analyzed in terms of how do they affect the cluster performance and how can we improve the cluster performance.

在处理器层面，分析了现代处理器中常用的一些技术，包括超线程技术、超长指令技术和NUMA架构等，对不同特点的程序的性能影响和如何充分利用处理器中的一些技术提升性能；在存储层次上，结合机群系统上Cache、主存、本地辅存及网络存储的存储层次的特点，分析了数据局部性、Cache命中率等对性能的影响以及提出如何提高数据局部性；通讯系统层面分析了不同机群通讯系统及不同机群通讯网络的特点；在编程模式方面，分析和比较了目前最常用两种并行编程模式--消息传递编程模式和共享存储编程模式，在机群系统上对性能的影响因子以及提出如何提高性能的方法。

Objective To study the effect of chitosan in the prevention of fibrous scar formation in the epidural space after laminectomy.

目的 观察选择性脊神经后根切除术椎板切除后硬膜外几种防瘢痕粘连物质的作用并探讨其机制。

On his way to the lift, he looked back to us or was it me his eyes pointing?

当他要进电梯时，他回头看我们（或者说是我，他的眼光？