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PSO is a population-based optimization algorithm, which mimics the social behavior of animals in a flock. It makes use of individual and group memory to update each particle position allowing global and local search optimization. The objective function considered was the total weight of the structure subjected to stresses, displacements and forces constraints. The effects of the parameters were investigated as well and such combination of tuning parameters promote a better global search behavior avoiding premature convergence while rapidly converging to the optimal solution. Results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing with ANSYS Design Optimization Tool (zero-order method). The PSO with the tuning parameters makes it an ideal method for offshore wind turbines foundations optimization tasks.(2) A reliability analysis method for pile foundation bearing axial loads based PSOThe performance function of pile foundation's axially bearing capacity sometimes is nonlinear and complex, on the basis of geometric meaning of structural reliability index, an optimum model with PSO for structural reliability analysis under arbitrary random variables was established, The PSO algorithm is very efficient to solve global optimization problemsIts use in structural reliability field presents not only the advantage of its facility of implementation, but also the possibility to obtain the design point and the failure probability with a good accuracy. In addition, PSO is a zero order algorithm, for no derivative is necessary for its implementation.

本文的研究针对桩式海上风机基础结构的特点，在国内外有关研究成果的基础上对海上风机基础结构优化设计理论和可靠度方法一些相关问题进行了较为深入的研究，具体做了以下几个方面的工作：(1)基于粒子群优化的桩式海上风机基础确定性优化设计方法桩式海上风机基础的优化设计是一个复杂的、非线性约束的优化问题，针对传统的基于梯度信息的优化方法在处理非线性问题中易陷入局部最优解的问题，本文将一种耦合惩罚函数的PSO算法引入到海上风机基础结构概念设计中，PSO算法是从群体动物聚集觅食这一活动中受到启发而发展的，该算法利用个体和群体的信息共享不断改进自身的位置从而进行局部和全局最优搜索，本文中以桩和三脚架连接段直径及壁厚为设计变量，以基础总重量作为优化的目标函数，在给定的约束条件下建立了三脚架基础优化数学模型，另外本文还研究了PSO参数变化对结果的影响，协调的参数组合可以避免陷入早熟收敛而能够快速的获得全局的最优解，通过与ANSYS优化模块的计算结果比较验证了该方法的有效性，本方法为海上风机基础的确定性设计提供了一条有效的途径。

Due to the rapid development of economy globalization, the deepening of the mutual dependence among the countries, the upsurge of the global issues and the increasing expansion of the civic society, at the end of the 80th and the dawn of the 90th of last century, the thought of global governance which has been dormant for a long time rose again, all kinds of social powers and many a scholar began to illuminate and design the global governance from their respective perspectives and points of departure, which included the decipherment of the Social Democratism.

20世纪80年代末90年代初，由于经济全球化的迅猛发展、国家之间相互依赖的加深、全球问题的兴起以及公民社会的日益壮大，使得沉寂已久的全球治理思想又重新兴盛，各种社会力量、众多学者纷纷从各自的角度和出发点来阐释和设计全球治理，其中就包括社会民主主义。

Chapter 6, consider a coupled generalized KdV-Burgers equation. In section 6.2, we study the initial-boundary value problem in the semi-unbounded domain, the existence of global solutions and global attractors is proved by means of a uniform priori estimate for time. In section 6.3, the Cauchy problem by using the weighted space, the existence of the global attractors for a coupled generalized KdV-Burgers in an semi-unbounded domain is proved.

第六章，考虑了一类广义耦合的KdV-Burgers方程，在第二节中讨论了半无界区域上的初边值问题，证明了整体光滑解和整体吸引子的存在性；在第三节中讨论了Cauchy问题，利用加权函数和加权空间上的插值8不等式，证明了半无界区域上整体吸引子的存在性。

Thus, from a global perspective, the network relationship helps structure a global mapping, according to which, the U. S. is the core, Taiwan is one of the manufacturing nodes in the global economy as Taiwan, and China is the potential autonomy of a big market.

因此，在全球化角度下，网络关系之连结性结构了全球布局，这就是：美国做为核心，台湾是全球经济中之制造业节点，中国大陆则是有自主性潜力之大市场。

After the guide part, the author uses one chapter to hackle and evaluate the typical theories in global marketing field, which conclude global marketing theory, global service marketing theory and service customization theory structure and model.

随后，作者用了一章的篇幅，系统的梳理和评价了全球营销领域内各个阶段具有代表性的全部理论，包括全球营销理论、全球服务营销理论以及服务定制化理论，逐步点明对于本研究的参考价值。

Fortune/Global 500 - Manpower is ranked 131st in the US and 408th globally by Fortune Magazine 98% of Fortune 500 companies work with Manpower ·Manpower was named Global High Performer and moved up 107 spots to 907th on the 2007 Forbes Global 2000 ranking the largest public companies in the world.

财富》杂志500强排名－万宝盛华位列2007年度财富美国500强第131位，财富世界500强第408位万宝盛华荣获全球杰出表现奖－在2007福布斯全球2000家跨国企业排名中。排名飙升了107位。位居907位。

In chapter 3,we analyze the global attractor of static reaction-diffusion neural networks with time-varying delays using the semigroup theory of operators, the inequality skills and the imbedding method in Soblev space. A very useful and convenient criterion on the existence of the location of this global attractor is given. Furthermore, we can estimate the location of this global attractor in the space.

在第三章中，我们用算子的半群理论，不等式技巧和Soblev空间的嵌入方法分析了变时滞静态反应扩散神经网络的全局吸引子，给出了一个简洁实用的判定全局吸引子存在的准则，进而，估计了全局吸引子在空间中的位置。

Apart from the widening hole in our ozone and ever-increasing world temperature due to global warming, there is another unstoppable global phenomenon that is sweeping across the world, subtly yet influentially Global Heart-Warming.

或许您还没有留意到一股隐约却具深远影响的暖流正在透过人类的心向世界出发，努力地把世界各地的心连系起来，抚平大家心中的伤痕。

The second section: Under the conditions of nonlinear boundary controbility, we consider the initial boundary value problem of Camassa—Holm equations with dissipative. By using the contractive mapping fixed point theorem and a priori estimates, the existence of global smooth solution, global attractor in H〓, time periodic solution or almost-periodic solution and the global exponential stability are proved.

第二部分：在非线性控制边界条件之下，对于带耗散项的Camassa—Holm方程的初边值问题，用压缩映射不动点原理及先验估计方法，证明了整体光滑解的存在性、整体解的指数稳定性、H〓空间中整体吸引子的存在性以及时间周期解和殆时间周期解的存在性。

In accordance with the goal of promoting cultural exchange and mutual development, the International Mayors Communications Center has always been seeking for cross culture communication and harmonious development among international cities. On the advent of 2009 Global Mayors Forum, IMCC has had the opportunity to invite Ms. Kochiro Matsuura, Director-General of UNESCO to be the distinguished guest and major speaker for the coming Forum and nearly 1000 guests including officials of the United Nations Organizations; leaders and experts of International urban organizations; global urban administrators; urban operators (entrepreneurs related to urban development, construction, management, service, etc); representative of research institutes and experts on urban operation; leaders of financial institutions in investment and financing; representative of urban operation service institutions; representative of research institutes and experts on urban cultures and representative of global mainstream media , will be involved in the forum, whose theme is High Growth Cities: Meeting the Challenges for Sustainability

秉承融通文化、共谋发展宗旨的IMCC 一直致力于谋求国际城市间的文化共通与和谐发展，"2009全球市长论坛"隆重召开之际， IMCC有幸邀请到联合国教科文组织秘书长Kochiro Matsuura女士出席并发表主题演讲，届时，包括联合国官员、全球城市组织领袖、专家、全球城市经营者(市长及城市相关部门管理者)、城市运营商(城市开发、建设、管理、服务等相关企业家)、城市运营研究机构与专家、投融资等金融机构领导人、城市运营服务机构、城市文化研究机构与专家、全球主流媒体等在内的近千名嘉宾将出席本次主题为"高速发展的城市-迎接可持续发展的挑战"论坛。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。