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This paper studied the earnings managements of the listed companies by dividing the accrual into above-the-line accruals and below-the-line accruals. And for above-the-line accruals and below-the-line accruals of 2002, I divided above-the-line-accruals into working capital accruals and nonworking capital accruals. Then I used modified Jones model by adding industry variables to study the new characteristics of earnings management in 2002. This paper provides evidence that the listed companies still used below-the-line accruals as the main earnings management instrument. On the other hand the listed companies also used working capital accruals as one of their earnings management instruments. On the basis of the studies above, I build two proxies of the earnings management.

本文首先通过对2002年上市公司盈余管理的分项实证研究来观察各种制度实施后上市公司利用线下项目进行盈余管理是否得到了一定的遏制，实证过程中采用修正的横截面JONES模型加入行业变量并经过适当变形对上市公司年报线上项目和线下项目，并进一步将线上项目分解出营运资金相关项目和非相关项目两项进行盈余管理的实证研究，发现企业对线下项目的操纵仍然在企业盈余管理中占据主要地位，但从某种程度上看，线下利润的操纵得到了一定的抑制，另外企业对营运资金应计项目的盈余管理也是显著的。

It is commonly used in the observation window of water gauges in high-pressure boilers in thermal power plants domestically and in the meantime used in the same way by Japanese and used as wave chip in Germany.

在国内普遍应用于火电厂高压锅炉水位计观测窗口，同时亦被日本选用于高压锅炉水位计观测窗口；被德国选用作波片。

This research uses the experimental method to collect the data. The experimental object is open-shelf cosmetics and the experimental subjects are the female students of eight national universities in Taipei city. The study used AIO variables to segment market and then printed ad are used to test the endorser's impact on the advertising effect between different segmentation. And, demographic data, consumption reality and consumption evaluation criteria are used to describe the three segments.

本研究采用实验法来进行研究，以开架式化妆保养品为实验的产品，台北市八所国立大专院校女性学生为研究对象，先以AIO生活型态变数作市场区隔后，再透过有无广告代言人的印刷式平面广告来了解对不同集群受试者的广告效果之影响，同时对各个市场区隔对象做人口统计变数、消费实态变数、购买评估准则之描述。

The inner box is arranged inside the outer box in a sliding measure. Wherein the inner box comprises three individual modules as battery containing module which can be used for containing a battery, an inserting module which can be used for the battery in the battery containing module conducting connecting outside the outer box, and an attachment module in which a battery managing system that is used for monitoring the working state of the battery can be arranged.

其中所述内箱体包括三个独立的模块，分别是：电池容放模块，电池容放在所述电池容放模块中；插接模块，所述电池容放模块内的电池通过所述插接模块导电地连接到所述外箱体；以及附件模块，其中设置有用于监控所述电池容放模块内的电池的工作状态的电池管理系统。

The mobile communication terminal of the invention includes: the inputting part of the key which is arranged with character key; the message receiving part which is used to transmit the literal message that is made with the literal message making mode or receive the literal information; the displaying part which is used to show the content of information input by the key inputting part when it is in the literal message making mode; the memorizer used to storage the program which is relevant to the literal message making mode; the control part which realigns the characters and controls it showing on the displaying part at the literal message making mode when the inputting character has overtopped the character input range.

本发明中的移动通信终端，包含：设置有文字键的键输入部；用于传送通过文字消息制作模式制作的文字消息，或是接收文字消息的消息收发部；在所述文字消息制作模式时，用于显示通过所述键输入部输入的消息内容的显示部；用于存储所述文字消息制作模式相关的程序的存储器；在所述文字消息制作模式时，当输入的文字超出文字输入范围的情况下，对文字进行重新排列并控制其显示在所述显示部的控制部。

The mechanical power of falling water is an age-old tool .of all the renewable energy sources that generate electricity ,hydropower is the most often used .it is one of the oldest sources of energy and was used thousands of years ago to turn a paddle wheel for purposes such as grinding grain .in the 1700's ,mechanical hydropower was used extensively for milling and pumping .

减少水的机械动力，是一个古老的工具，所有的可再生能源。是发电，水电是最常用的。它是最古老的能源来源之一，是用几千年前把桨车轮的用途，例如磨粒在1700年，机械水力发电。被大量用于加工和抽水。

Spiral nail was used to fixed fracture of neck of femur in 35 patients,multi screw posts were used in 20 patients,pressor slideng goose neck nails were used in 5 patine...

结果 经过平均 2 3个月的随访，优良率：粗隆间骨折 63 。3 %；股骨颈骨折内固定组 5 3 。9%，假体置换组 85 。7%。

The pharos is controlled by reliable program. Working status data is collected in real time. A two-stage amplifier is used to sense the current signal. VHF transmitter-receiver is used as the means of communication, which is working at 233. 3MHZ. GPS data is collected to calculate the latitude and longitude valued of the pharos. Sleep mode is used to reduce the energy consumption. Auto alarm function and watch dog function are integrated to maintain its stability and reliability.

在用高性能8位处理器68HC908SR12设计的新型遥控遥测航标灯中，充分利用了处理器的功能，实现了对灯器的程序化控制，实时进行数据采集，采用了两级放大器对电流信号进行放大，采用VHF电台进行远程通信，对GPS定位数据进行采集和处理，为了降低功耗实现了定时和睡眠控制，为保证工作稳定性和可靠性，启动了故障处理、自动报警功能，以及看门狗功能。

A glass die, a micro replication characteristic of PDMS and an electroplating technology are used to make the three-dimensional microelectrode array. A precise cutting machine is used to cut the glass to form a column array and a mixture of HF and NH4F is used to produce the corresponding structure serving as the die of the micro replication of PDMS. The photoetching technology is left out and the limitation of a photoresist on the dimension of the three-dimensional structure is eliminated; therefore the longer microelectrode array can be made. The length of the microelectrode array depends on the incision depth of the glass and the electroplating technology of deep hole of the metal.

本发明利用玻璃模具、PDMS的微复制特性和电镀技术制作三维微电极阵列，用精密切割机切割玻璃形成柱状阵列，用HF和NH 4 F的混合液腐蚀出相应的结构作为PDMS微复制的模具，免去了光刻工艺，消除了光刻胶对三维结构尺寸的限制，可以制作更大长度的微电极阵列，这一长度决定于玻璃的切割深度和金属的深孔电镀技术。

In this chapter, three kinds of target recognition methods are performed, which are:①Target recognition method based on the description of polarization parameter plane. The echo polarization states of target are projected onto the polarization state plane described by the ellipticity ε and the tilt angle τ of the polarization ellipse, the change of parameter following ferquency becomes the chart. According to the changing trait of the chart, the multidimensional polarization feature space of target has been contructed. Furthermore, a series of polarization feature parameters used in designing the structure of target recognition device are extracted, and they are insensible to the posture of target.②Target recognition method based on the description of Poincare polarization sphere. The echo polarization states of target expressed by Stokes vector are projected onto the Poincare polarization sphere. The conception of polarization ferquency stability, which is used in describing the dynamic distribution characteristics of the target echo polarization states on Poincare polarization sphere, has been defined. A group of polarization feature parameters used in designing the structure of target recognition device are extracted, and they are insensible to the posture of target.③Target recognition method based on the description of frequency sensitivity. In accordance with the conception of the polarization state distance defined on Poincare polarization sphere, the frequency sensibility of the physical structure property of target has been investigated, the frequency distribution feature curves in PSD domain are obtained, and targets'features are extracted by means of the curve-fitting method with Least Square Criterion.

这章具体研究了基于三种极化散射特性描述的相应的目标识别方法：①基于极化参数平面描述的目标识别方法，将目标回波极化状态投影到以极化椭圆参数，即椭圆率角ε和倾角τ表征的极化状态平面上，参数随观测频率的变化就形成了图，根据图的变化特点构造了目标的多维极化特征空间，并提取了不敏感目标姿态变化的极化特征参数组来设计目标的识别器结构；②基于Poincare极化球面描述的目标识别方法，采用Stokes矢量表征目标回波的极化状态，并将其投影到描述极化状态的Poincare极化球面上，定义了极化频率稳定度的概念用以刻画目标回波极化状态在Poincare极化球面上的动态分布信息，提取了准方位不变性的目标极化特征，最后设计了目标的识别器结构；③基于频率敏感性描述的目标识别方法，通过在Poincare极化球面上所定义的极化状态距离的概念，研究的是复杂目标物理结构特性对探测信号频率的敏感程度问题，获得了在极化状态距离下的频率分布特性曲线，采用最小二乘估计曲线拟合方法，它既用于极化特征的降维，同时又直接将拟合参数作为目标的分类特征。

Diabetes is a social disease that affects several million people worldwide.

糖尿病是一个社会性疾病，全世界有数百万人罹患此病。

I'll call you on Friday to see if we can reschedule our luncheon meeting at your convenience.

我星期五会给您打电话在您方便的时候我们重新安排我们的午餐约会。