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The cable sag effect, the beam-column effect and the large displacement effect are taken into account in the study. The results indicate that geometrical nonlinearity significantly influences the internal force of long span highway and railway cable stayed bridge, so the geometrical nonlinearity must be considered in design.

研究结果表明，几何非线性对大跨度公铁斜拉桥的内力影响比较显著，线性计算结果与非线性计算结果相比偏不安全，在公铁斜拉桥结构设计中，必须计入几何非线性的影响。

Relation between geometrical contour error of inner corner and machining condition is investigated by the experimental plan of Taguchi quality design. Through the quantitative analysis, the geometrical contour error is mainly affected by wire tension and flushing pressure. By regression analysis, a mathematical model is established to estimate cutting path error of corner cutting. According to the estimated cutting path error, the program path is corrected.

研究首先以田口式品质设计实验计画法来探讨加工参数与隅角形状误差间的关系，从变异数分析的结果得知，线张力与冲水压力是对於隅角精度影响最显著因子，应用回归分析建立转角加工路径误差量估测模式，利用此模式以预测不同加工条件下隅角加工路径误差量，依据预测加工路径误差量计算轨迹补偿量，实验结果证明本文所提出轨迹补偿策略可有效提高60%之隅角加工精度。

With analyzing structure features of sheet metal parts, the geometrical information model is built on the basis of the hierarchy of structure feature, structure element and geometrical element.

2分析了钣金零件的结构特征构成，建立了"结构特征—结构要素—几何要素"的三层几何信息模型，并采用树结构组织模型几何数据，分别给出了框肋零件、整体壁板零件和蒙皮零件的几何信息模型；分析了状态衍化中的结构要素变化类型和成形工序对结构要素变化的影响，采用加权图描述了状态衍化中结构树的变化；对应零件几何信息层次构成，建立了钣金零件结构特征的XML模式，分别举例说明了各层几何信息的XML表达，形成了基于XML的钣金零件数据表达方法。

From the point of view of inverse problems in mechanics, two trains of thought for solving ICS/IBS computative problems, i. e: by means of intelligence computation method without geometrical modeling and by the aid of finite element inverse analysis method with geometrical modeling, are expounded.

从力学反问题的角度出发，阐述了智能桥梁结构的智能计算问题的两种思路——无模型力学反问题的计算智能法解决思路以及有模型力学反问题的有限元法解决思路。

The geometrical parameters of the wing and tail planform and few geometrical parameters of fuselage which have more on the configuration are optimized and those constant parameters are given values according to the designer's experience or the optimizations of the parts.

在优化时，将整机外形几何参数分为优化变量和固定参量；主要优化对总体外形影响较大的机翼、尾翼的平面形状几何参数以及少数几个机身的几何参数；对于固定参量，根据经验或部件层次上的优化结果给出固定值。

There are three main methods in face localization: localization according to face outline, localization according to complexion and localization according to templates constructed by some standard sample images. As to feature extraction, it can be divided into two parts because face features can be divided into geometrical features and algebraic features. While extracting geometrical features, the features of eyes, nose, mouth, eyebrows can be gained by some image processes: binary, sharpen, smooth, projection, calculating gradient and so on. In order to extract algebraic features, we can do some mathematical transformation for the digital images such as singular value decomposition, K-L transformation.

在人脸检测部分，目前存在的方法有利用人脸的几何轮廓进行检测、利用人脸的肤色信息进行检测、构造标准人脸模板进行匹配检测等等；在人脸特征提取部分，可以用一些图像处理的方法如投影、二值化、求梯度图像等提取人脸中各特征器官如眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴等的几何特征，另外也可以借助于数学变换，求取人脸图像的一些代数特征，如对图像进行奇异值分解，以奇异值代表图象的特征，或对图像进行K-L变换，以图像在构造的特征空间上的投影系数作为图像的特征等；在识别部分，可以通过距离度量或相似度来判断输入图像与样本图像的匹配程度，还可以通过神经网络方法进行人脸的识别。

First, this thesis introduces basic theory of CBR , and studies many aspects of typical part design case , such as case representation, case retrieval, retain etc. Second, regards design code as case code in order to integrate the case with geometrical and non- geometrical information, and realizes the parametric modifying function for 3D solid model in the condition of Pro/E. Third, for the purpose of making true of system's aided design requirement, this thesis brings forward to create part design knowledge base with AI language CLIPS, and integrates the rule based KB into the system; finally, collects and summarizes the knowledge of shaft,gear,sleave, and a sample with ladder—shaft is shown in order to verify the correction of theory research.

首先，本文介绍CBR技术的基础理论，并重点研究典型零件案例的表示、检索、修改等功能；其次，以零件设计编号为案例编号实现对案例的几何与非几何信息的集成，并实现了三维实体模型在Pro／E环境下的参数化修改功能；再次，从系统辅助设计功能要求出发，提出将基于规则的知识库嵌入到系统内部，用人工智能语言CLIPS建立零件设计知识库；最后，对轴类、齿轮类、盘套类零件案例知识进行收集、总结，并通过阶梯轴设计实例验证了理论研究的正确性。

Our conclusion is : For general transport equation and some special transport equations (slab geometry, spherical symmetry, pillar symmetry) we can evaluate some relevant physical quantities and geometrical properties from the exiting photon flux. The method we will use is to transform the transport equation into integral equation by integrating it along its characteristics, then we prove the nonlinear operator K is monotone and continuous with respect to its arguments and obtain the existence of K~-1. Consequently, we can evaluate some relevant physical quantities and geometrical property of the medium.

我们得到的结论是：无论对于一般的迁移方程，还是当介质具有某种对称性时(板对称、球对称、柱对称)的迁移方程，我们都可以根据泄漏的光子流估计介质各种相关物理量和几何特性，所用方法都是将迁移方程通过沿特征线积分转化为积分方程的形式，然后证明非线性算子K关于自变量的单调性和连续性，从而得到逆算子K~(-1)存在，进而达到估计介质各种相关物理量和几何特性的目的。

The results shows that die pressure of extruder, relaxation time of polymer and geometrical parameters of die have significant effect on stress tensor in extruder die. By changing the geometrical parameters in the flowing channel, the pressure can be controlled.

模拟结果表明：机头压力、材料的松弛时间以及口模流道的几何尺寸对高聚物在机头中的应力张量的变化影响较大；通过改变挤出流道的几何尺寸，完全可以控制高聚物的熔体压力。

Firstly, this paper introduces the model-line of the scroll expander in detail and deduces integrally the geometrical theory on the scroll expander. Basing on the transparent geometrical relation of the scroll expander, force analysis of the immobile and the rotary turbination are showed in the paper.

首先，本文比较详细的介绍了涡旋机械的型线构造，之后对涡旋式膨胀机的几何理论进行了比较全面介绍和推导，在明晰涡旋膨胀机基本几何关系的基础上，对动、静涡盘进行了受力分析。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。