查询词典 geo-science

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Finally, a suppositional example calculated by text-mentioned methods and GEO-SLOPE, is illustrated to explain effectivity of the algorithm.

通过与商用软件GEO-SLOPE的算例求解结果对比，来说明本算法的有效性。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的"同物异谱"现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被"红边"范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

The site, which is available in both French and English versions, also provides a sortable dataset list and links to the UNEP GEO collaborating centers and data providers.

网站有英语和法语两个版本，提供经过排序的数据集列表，并提供UNEP GEO合作中心和数据提供者的网络连接。

Via analysis by means of XRD and LRS, it was found that the as-deposited thin films mainly consisted of amorphous Ge clusters, and some of the particles were oxygenized into amorphous GeO.

通过XRD表徵和LRS谱分析，发现沉积态颗粒膜主要为无定形态的Ge团簇，同时在溅射沉积过程中有少量Ge被氧化成非晶态的GeO。

Based on the SWCC data in GEO-SLOPE, the SWCC curve was fitted by MATLAB. The suction value of each point on the curve was obtained by programming to estimate the capillary water moving height which needs further research.

在利用GEO-SLOPE软件的土水特征曲线的数据的基础上，结合MATLAB软件对曲线进行了拟合，通过简单的编程计算出了曲线上点的大致的吸力值可以估算毛细水的上升高度。

This paper reviewed the developments in 2-D numerical model of the water flow. By means of the latest observation data of the prototype, the detailed analysis was made on the major thalweg, section, island and bottomland, the erosion and deposition of the river bed and the scour hole near the dock and the law of the fluvial process was obtained. Based on the related references, the evolution trend of the channel after the Three Gorges was finished was predicted. The 2-D mathematical model of the water flow was set up and validated using the latest data. With the model, the flow and velocity of several cases were calculated. The stability computation of the bank at the typical section under difference conditions was carried out by adopting the world widely used Geo-Slope slope stability analysis program. Finally, the synthetical evaluation on the influence of the project on the flood level, velocity, river circumstances, bank protection and flood prevention was made and the conclusion that the construction of the dock had little effect on the flood discharge was obtained.

本文介绍了平面二维水流二维模型研究进展，对河道历史演变概述，通过最新原型观测资料对河道近期主泓线、断面、洲滩、河床冲淤、码头附近冲刷坑等进行详细分析，总结近期河道演变规律，并参考有关文献，对三峡建成后河道演变趋势进行预测；建立了平面二维水流模型，并根据最新资料对模型进行率定和验证，采用模型对几种工况组合进行壅水和流速计算；采用国际上广泛应用的Geo-Slope滑坡稳定分析程序对几种工况条件下工程断典型断面岸坡进行稳定性计算；最后总结工程建设对洪水位、流速、河势、堤防及防洪抢险等方面进行综合评价，得出码头建设对行洪影响较小的结论。

His reportages have included 'A Gentleman's Paris' for "Esquire",'Wall Street' and 'The Great Auction' for "Geo,"'The Great Cats of Kenya' for "Travel and Leisure", and a cover essay on 'The American Harvest' for "Fortune". Photo essays in magazines such as "Life" and "Paris Match" have covered the Sinai War, the U.S.

而他的报道过的故事有为《Esquire》（英国杂志《君子》，这杂志现在在国内有了中文版《时尚》）拍摄的《A Gentleman's Paris》，为《Geo》（德国国家地理杂志，杂志主页）拍摄的《Wall Street》、《The Great Auction》，为《Travel and Leisure》（旅游休闲杂志，如今的杂志主页）拍摄的《The Great Cats of Kenya》以及为《Fortune》拍摄的封面故事《The American Harvest》等。

Looking up she spotted a distant lighter blue speck against the deepness of the late afternoon sky- a heavy cruiser in geo-stationary orbit.

查她看见了对抗午后底天空的深一个远的比较轻的蓝色斑点-geo 的重巡洋舰-静止的轨道。

The results show that for SiO〓 and GeO〓 glasses, the Rayleigh scatterings arise mainly from the disorders of the densities of atoms, consistent with the assumption of the fictive temperature approximation which is the usual method used in the existing optical fiber theory to calculate Rayleigh scatterings in glasses.

计算结果表明：对SiO〓和GeO〓玻璃，现有光纤理论的瑞利散射处理方法——虚温度近似所作关于玻璃中瑞利散射主要来自玻璃的原子密度无序的假设能很好成立。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。