查询词典 genome

The "unsampled pig herd" theory was suggested by Smith and his colleagues, who concluded that "the progenitor of the S-OIV epidemic originated in pigs", and the "long unsampled history observed for every segment" of the S-OIV genome "suggests that the reassortment of Eurasian and North American swine lineages may not have occurred recently, and it is possible that this single reassortant lineage has been cryptically circulating rather than two distinct lineages of swine flu", and that "Movement of live pigs between Eurasia and North America seems to have facilitated the mixing of diverse swine influenzas, leading to the multiple reassortment events associated with the genesis of the S-OIV strain."

&无取样猪群&论，由Smith和他的同事提出，断定&流行猪源流感病毒的祖辈起源于猪&，猪源流感病毒基因上&观察到的每一个基因片断长期无样本历史&表明，&欧亚族和北美族猪流感病毒重配可能没有在最近发生，也许这种重配病毒已经神秘传播，而不是两个不同族猪流感病毒&，而且&在欧亚大陆与北美之间的生猪运输似乎促进了不同的猪流感病毒混合，导致了和猪源流感病毒毒株基因关联的多重配事件。&

The "unsampled pig herd" theory was suggested by Smith and his colleagues who concluded that "the progenitor of the S-OIV epidemic originated in pigs" and the "long unsampled history observed for every segment" of the S-OIV genome "suggests that the reassortment of Eurasian and North American swine lineages may not have occurred recently and it is possible that this single reassortant lineage has been cryptically circulating rather than two distinct lineages of swine flu" and that "Movement of live pigs between Eurasia and North America seems to have facilitated the mixing of diverse swine influenzas leading to the multiple reassortment events associated with the genesis of the S-OIV strain."

&无取样猪群&论，由Smith和他的同事提出，断定&流行猪源流感病毒的祖辈起源于猪&，猪源流感病毒基因上&观察到的每一个基因片断长期无样本历史&表明，&欧亚族和北美族猪流感病毒重配可能没有在最近发生，也许这种重配病毒已经神秘传播，而不是两个不同族猪流感病毒&，而且&在欧亚大陆与北美之间的生猪运输好像促进了不同的猪流感病毒混合，导致了和猪源流感病毒毒株基因关联的多重配事件。&

Na-K-Exchanging ATPase is a universal cell membrane protein in higher eukaryotic cells which mediates the anti-concentration gradient exchange of intracellular Na+ for extracellular K+. It plays essential metabolic roles such as maintaining sodium and potassium ion gradients across the plasma membrane. The targeted sequences were amplified by PCR to determine the genome structure of the hithertofore unsequenced portion of the alpha 1 subunit of the human Na-KExchanging ATPase gene which encodes 80-130 aa of its extracellular domain using two different templates, human genomic DNA and a human muscle cDNA library. The PCR products were analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion and then cloned into a plasmid vector for chemiluminescence sequencing and further analysis.

Na-K-Exchanging ATPase是一种普遍存在于高等生物体内的细胞膜蛋白，主要参与介导K+和Na+在细胞内外之间的逆浓度梯度的转运，并维持一定细胞内外的离子梯度，我们采用聚合酶链式反应方法分别以人基因组DNA及cDNA文库为模板对人Na-K-Exchanging ATPaseα1亚单位基因胞外区约80-130位氨基酸编码序列进行扩增，限制性酶切分析扩增产物，并进行荧光测序，对测序结果进行同源性分析及剪接位点的搜索并对得到的核苷酸序列进行进一步的分析，发现人基因组DNA和cDNA经过扩增后分别得到833bp和195bp两种不同大小的片段Fg，Fc。

Hepatitis B virus is the smallest DNA virus which is a member of the viral family Hepadnavirida. It uses its DNA as template and the RNA polymerase II of the host cells to transcribe its viral transcripts. There are four major RNAs transcribed from HBV genome. All of the four major transcripts are unspliced, terminated at a common site, polyadenylated at the 3' terminal and capped at the 5' terminal.

B 型肝炎病毒属於肝病毒科，为目前已知最小的去氧核醣核酸病毒，利用其病毒的去氧核醣核酸以及宿主细胞内的核醣核酸聚合酶可转录出四种主要的核醣核酸产物，此四种主要的转录产物均未经剪接并终止於核心开放编阅序列的共同polyadenylation 讯号，且在其5'端均经过capping修饰。

Additionally XBP1 mRNA which functioned as centrally regulating molecule during ER stress was spliced partially,while it was completely spliced in positive control cells and unspliced in H7721.These results gave the proof that blocking expression of GnT-V caused H7721"s ER stress and response was more weak than that caused by DTT. It may be the chronic process.Additionally,previous studies reported that the ds-RNA may activate the kinase PKR which phosphorylated eIF2 α and inhibited synthesis of proteins.In this paper the antisense cDNA of GnT-V was integrated with GnT-V-AS/H7721"s gene and functioned through the binding of antisense RNA and mRNA of GnT-V.Additionally,the integration of GnT-V cDNA in genome also may be a non-specific factor.

对这三种ER stress关键分子的检测发现：和阴性细胞相比较，实验细胞中BIP的表达无论是蛋白水平还是转录水平都有明显的上调，但上调程度都要低于DTT处理的ER stress阳性细胞；XBP-1 mRNA在实验细胞中部分被剪接，在阳性细胞中XBP-1 mRNA完全被剪接，而在阴性细胞中其以非剪接形态存在；此外和DTT处理的ER stress阳性细胞相似，实验细胞中的PERK发生磷酸化，表明ER stress过程中通过磷酸化eIF2α抑制蛋白合成机制的活化，这和芯片所检测到的GnT-V-AS／H7721细胞蛋白合成系统水平下调相一致。

The investigators collected unstimulated saliva from 32 patients with primary T1/T2 oral squamous cell carcinoma and from 32 normal subjects matched for age, gender, and smoking history. Using the saliva supernatant, they isolated RNA, performed two-round linear amplification with T7 RNA polymerase, and applied human genome U133A microarrays for profiling human salivary transcriptome.

研究人员收集32位原发性T1或是T2口腔扁平细胞恶性肿瘤患者、以及32位年龄、性别与吸菸史相符的正常受试者唾液；使用唾液离心后的上清液，他们分离出RNA，以T7 RNA聚合脢进行两个回合的线性放大作用，以及应用人类基因体U133A微阵列来分析人类唾液转录体。

Summary: A paper published online this week helps untangle bear phylogeny by presenting the mitochondrial genome of the extinct cave bear, Ursus spelaeus.

本周在网上发布的一篇文章，通过提取已经灭绝了的洞熊的线粒体基因组能有助于揭示熊的进化发展史。

The genome of avian adeno-associated virus was cloned for construction of gene transfer vectors. AAAV was propagated in special pathogen-free chicken embryo using the chicken embryo lethal orphan virus as the helper virus. The double-stranded genomic DNA was extracted from precipitated AAAV viron and cloned into pCR 2.1 vector.

为了克隆禽腺联病毒(Avian adeno-associated virus， AAAV)全基因组用于构建基因转移载体研究，以鸡胚致死孤儿病毒作为辅助病毒与AAAV共接种SPF鸡胚进行AAAV的增殖，将AAAV约4.7 kb双链基因组DNA与pCR2.1载体连接，构建了含AAAV全基因组的重组质粒pAAAV并进行了测序。

Although several countries like Brazil and Mainland China are also working on sequencing the genome of Xanthomonas campestris , the overall project will instead focus on studying its structural and functional genomics .

虽然其它国如巴西及中国大陆也在做此一菌种的基因定序，但是本计画的主要目标系在研究此一菌种的结构及功能基因体上，所以基本上并没有冲突的地方。

We speculated that ZAD domain may be related to some special physiologic or metabolic processes in insects. The distribution of C2H2 ZFP genes in the genome was investigated.

除了具有锌指结构域外，部分锌指蛋白还含有其它类型的结构域，被称为锌指偶联结构域，它们能辅助锌指蛋白激活或抑制目标基因表达。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新