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The content of mineral elements in ripe fruits of M.sieversii from 78 seedings at Mohe Town,Gongliu Country were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.The results indicated that M.sieversii seedings presented considerable genetic variations in content of mineral elements with the range of variation coefficients from 24.2% to 54.0%.So it has large potential for further selection.Four elite seedlings were selected,namely large fruit type,high Ca content type,high Zn content type and high damascenone content.As the predominant component of Ily wild fruit tree forest,Malus sieversii had occupied an area of 9300ha.But the inherent reproduction system of M.sieversii and genetic diversity of the species were destructed in different degrees,as a result of farming assart,over grazing and damage by Agrilus mali.

上述结果支持"新疆野苹果可能是栽培苹果祖先种"的结论；②对巩留县莫舍乡的新疆野苹果78个实生株系果肉组织Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn6种矿质营养元素进行测定的结果表明，每种矿质元素含量单株间差异显著，变异系数在24.2％～54.0％，遗传多样性丰富，进一步选择的潜力很大；③根据新疆野苹果果实形态、香味物质和矿质元素含量等的测定结果，初步筛选出了大果型、高钙型、高锌型和大马酮型等4个特异性状单株；④调查发现，由于农田开垦、过度放牧以及苹果小吉丁虫的蔓延危害，目前伊犁野果林面积逐年减少，野苹果固有的繁育体系和遗传多样性受到不同程度的破坏。

Because of the local astringency of genetic algorithm, an improved recurrence search algorithm is presented based on the essential genetic algorithm.

针对遗传算法存在的局部收敛性，设计了一种循环搜索遗传算法，算法融入了保优策略和自适应调整等方法。

Based on the new theories developed in biology,the basic theoreticalproblems of the genetic algorithm,which are the representation scheme,co-nvergence and convergence rates of the genetic algorithms,etc.,are discussedwith Boolean algebra,group theory,martingale theory and axiomatic method inthe framework of the Markov chain.

本文以生物学发展的新理论为背景，在遗传算法的Markov链框架下运用Boole代数、群、鞅及公理化方法研究遗传算法的表示、收敛性与收敛速度等基本理论问题。

The effect of QTL mapping was influenced by many factors including population structure and size, number of QTLs, density of genetic markers, heritability of traits etc., especially the genetic and statistic models, so it is essential to select appropriate method according to actual situations before mapping QTLs. In this study, backcross population for QTL mapping was constructed by computer simulation in order to study power of detection and mapping precision of QTLs at different levels of factors.

影响QTL 定位效果的因素很多，包括群体类型、规模、涉及的QTL 数目、遗传标记的密度、性状遗传力等等，特别是分析中使用的遗传和统计模型对QTL 检测和定位有较大的影响。

Genetic algorithm procedure, using a binary coding scheme, I hope to be able to study and application of genetic algorithms to help some people.

详细说明：遗传算法程序，用的是二进制编码方案，希望能够对学习和应用遗传算法的人有些帮助。

In this paper, based on the analysis of the genetic algorithm on binary coding, a preliminary discussion is made on the genetic algorithm of natural number coding.

在分析基于二进制编码的遗传算法基础上，对基于自然数编码的遗传算法作了初步的探讨。

QTL Mapping and molecular tagging of resistant genes to TuMV and black rot: The QTLs and their genetic effects of the genes resistant to TuMV and Black rot were mapped and dissected on the basis of the radish molecular genetic linkage map and with the multi-QTL model. It was found that 4 target QTLs intensively locating in LG3 and LG5 linkage groups.

萝卜分子遗传图谱的构建：利用同时对萝卜TuMV和黑腐病存在明显抗性差异的自交系构建了包括360个单株的F2分离群体，以此群体为研究对象，首次采用优化的萝卜SRAP分子标记技术和SSR分子标记技术相结合的方法，构建萝卜分子遗传图谱，该图谱包括9个连锁群，由196个标记组成，图谱总长度736.2 cM，平均图距3.76 cM.4。

The method of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most widely used in genetic transformation. To this day, only several genotypes such as Bobwhite and Yangmai158 have been used in transformation successfully. To widen the recipient genotypes, ten different genotypes were transformated by Agrobacterium-mediated In our study, transformation efficiency of B31706 and B31575 were significantly higher than Bobwhite. Moreover, regeneration rate and resistant plantlet rate of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in B31706 immature embryos callus was the highest one among the genotypes.

农杆菌介导法是目前应用较为广泛的转化方法之一，但在小麦中，只有包括Bobwhite和扬麦158在内的少数几个基因型被成功用于农杆菌介导的小麦遗传转化中，为了拓宽小麦农杆菌转化的受体基因型范围，本研究对10个不同基因型的材料进行了转化实验。B31706和B31575的转化率明显高于对照材料Bobwhite 。

Studies on the genetic diversity of Bombyx mandarina M. play an important role in the facets of silkworms breeding, protection of wild resources, and construction of special properties genetic bases and so on.

研究野桑蚕的遗传多样性在遗传育种、野生资源的保护、特殊性状基因库的建立等诸多方面具有非常重要的意义。

Based on present work of genetic algorithms, the arising process of incest and premature convergence is discussed. The operating efficiency of genetic algorithms is analyzed from different view of points, and the conclusion is drawn from the analysis that there exists a lot of caducous operation during the evolution in the case of premature convergence.

在遗传算法现有研究成果的基础上，讨论了近亲繁殖和早熟收敛的产生过程，并从不同角度对遗传算法的操作效率进行了分析，得出在早熟收敛的情况下遗传操作存在大量无效操作的结论； 3。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了