查询词典 genealogy

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Different genealogy composition had different effects on yield components, especially on boll weight and seed index.

系谱组成不同对品种产量性状具有一定的影响，尤其对单铃重和子指影响较大。

Whatever the true genealogy of the cultivar, Marechal Foch is often considered to possess Burgundian characteristics, having a vibrant, deep purple color, with a light-medium structure and dark berry fruit characteristics.

无论真正的族谱的品种，马雷夏尔福煦常常被认为是拥有勃艮第的特点，有一个充满活力，深紫色的颜色，用轻介质结构和暗浆果果实性状。

Taking as research method, field work as "the special skill" of the ethnology, also no doubt is the important research method of this article. Gaining the first material through different forms of visiting, talking,investigation and so on, has made the historical materials and field work double win. The historical literature is the direct foundation of tracing the nationality source and studying with textual. The history data of local chronicle, history book, genealogy, genealogy, etc. can make field date and literature date bring out the best in each other.

从研究方法而言，田野调查作为民族学的"看家本领"，无疑也是本文的重要研究方法，通过访谈、调查、走访等不同形式获取的第一手资料奠定了材料和立论的可信度；历史文献是追溯族源、考究历史的直接依据，地方志、史书、(来源：A4acaBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)族谱、家乘等史料使得田野资料和文献资料相得益彰；对白族的任何研究，如果脱离它与大理白族的联系孤立开展，将带有很大的局限性，因此联系的观点和比较的方法也是本文的重要方法。

The discussion of genealogy is mainly concerned with the question of how to transcend the comparative logic of so called own and foreign culture and the ethnocentric tendency connected with it.

而有关系谱学方面的讨论所着重的问题则在于，跨文化研究如何摆脱己文化与异文化的比较逻辑，以及相关的文化本质主义倾向。

The series of Memory Phonograph—A Chronicle Collage of Old Family Pictures and Images uses the images and genealogy on the family album as elements of creativity, studies life cycle of human beings and the pursue of values of life. By means of tracing back to the root of the family and going all the way down the reflections of self existence, the creator attains self-discovery in life and finds therapy through art.

记忆留声机—家族老照片图像拼贴日记」系列，藉由家族相簿上的图像以及留下的族谱，作为创作的元素，探讨人类生命物体的周期，对生命价值的探求；上推家族根源的追寻，下至个人自我存在的省思，也是创作者自身对生命的探索与治疗。

Our current Bibles imply that Matthew left out generation 40, 41, 42 in Jesus' genealogy.

我们目前的圣经意味著，马修离开了新一代40 ， 41 ， 42在耶稣的genealogy。

Our Taiwan Genealogy Online Project aims to digitalize genealogy material and to provide online services.

台湾族谱资讯网计画的主要目的，就是想藉由数位化的方式，将族谱资讯进行保存，同时运用先进的数位化以及网路技术，将族谱资讯透过网际网路对外服务。

The Anglo-American genealogy of law actively outspreads the function of the counterclaim system to settle all the correlative disputes, but the continental genealogy of law has negative attitude in this aspect.

英美法系积极扩张反诉制度之功能，解决与此相关的所有纠纷，而大陆法系则持消极态度，原则禁止反诉功能扩张，因此两大法系形成各具特色的反诉制度。

The scholars had not paid enough attention to the genealogy in the Han Dynasties, because only Family tree and genealogical tree written by private person were regarded as genealogy works by them.

两汉时期的谱牒学在谱学发展史上没有引起学者们的足够重视，原因在于这些学者认为只有私家之家谱、族谱才算是谱学著作。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。