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The interaction between M.grisea and rice is based on the gene-for-gene hypothesis and the defense responses are often activated by the action of the pathogen avirulence gene and the host resistance gene.

由Magnaporthegrisea(无性世代为Pyricularia grisea或Pyculariaoryzae)引起的稻瘟病是世界农业生产上危害很严重的病害之一[1]。

The total RNA was abstracted from the larvae of Boophilus microplus, and a 1982bp Bm86 gene was amplified by RT-PCR. The target gene was subcloned into T vector. The sequencing showed that the nucleotide sequence of the cloned Bm86 gene shared 97.4% homology with the data published in and this fragment contained the complete open reading frame of Bm86 gene.

为了克隆微小牛蜱Bm86 基因及构建该基因的表达载体，以微小牛蜱饥饿幼蜱的破解物提取的总RNA为模板，参照已发表的微小牛蜱Bm86基因的核苷酸序列，设计了1对引物，采用RT-PCR技术获得微小牛蜱Bm86基因；将Bm86基因克隆入载体，并进行序列分析，结果证明，克隆的Bm86基因序列与GenBank上登录的Bm86基因序列的同源性达97.4%，而且该序列包含完整的开放阅读框。

In order to direct the construction of plant germplasms by elucidating the relatives among plants at the level of gene, CYP86MF gene analogues from 11 species of 6 genera in Cuciferae were respectively obtained by PCR strategy using gene specific primers designed from conserved regions of CYP86MF gene reported. Sequence comparisonindicated that the similarities among the genes at nucleotide level were over 80%, and the similarities at amino acid level remained above 70%. The differences between the genes at nucleotide and amino acid level between species were 1.0%~ 5.7% and 2.6%~ 7.3% respectively, while those between genera 5.6%~ 22.5% and 7.3%~ 31.2%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Brassica was closely related to Raphanus, followed by Rorippa Scop, Arabidopsis Heynh, Capsella Medic orderly, most distantly related to Orychophrogmus.

为了从分子水平阐明十字花科植物间的亲缘进化关系，给植物种质资源的创建提供理论依据，试验根据课题组已报道的CYP86MF基因编码的氨基酸保守区域设计特异引物，运用PCR技术分别从十字花科6个属11个物种中分离克隆到了CYP86MF基因的同源序列，经比较分析，结果表明：这些同源序列的相似性达80%以上，所推导的氨基酸序列相似性达70%以上，且两者种间差异分别为1.0%~ 5.7%和2.6%~ 7.3%，属间差异分别是5.6%~ 22.5%和7.3%~ 31.2%；由氨基酸序列构建的分子系统树可知，在亲缘进化关系上芸薹属与萝卜属较近，其他依次为蔊菜属、拟南芥属、荠菜属，而与诸葛菜属最远。

Small interference RNA homolog to silenced gene in sequenceis indued into cell to clearage the mRNA of target gene. Many studies havedemonstrated that RNAi is an effective tool for gene diagnosis and gene therapy.

我们根据文献报道选择EZH2基因cDNA的461～481碱基为靶序列，构建EZH2-siRNA表达质粒，并研究其对人膀胱癌EJ细胞EZH2基因表达及生长抑制作用。

Objective: To colone SOD gene, construct combinant of retrovirus SOD gene, make a basis of gene transfection and over-expression of gene therapy.

目的 通过克隆SOD基因，构建逆转录病毒-SOD真核表达载体转染复合体，为基因转染及SOD的过表达提供基础，为将来的基因治疗进行准备，也为深入研究SOD功能及SOD的开发创造条件。

Long-distance PCR was used to amplify the β-actin gene for black carp based on the β-actin gene sequences of Cyprinidae. Construct of EGFP expression system containing 5'UTR of β-actin gene for black carp was transferred into zygotes of mud loach and COS-7 cells and the results showed that 5'UTR of β-actin gene for black carp could be used as the promoter of the"all-fish"transgene.

基于鲤科鱼类Beta-肌动蛋白基因序列，采用长片段PCR技术，克隆了青鱼β-actin基因DNA片段，并构建了青鱼β-actin基因5'启动调控区绿色荧光蛋白表达载体，通过显微注射泥鳅胚胎和COS-7细胞转染实验，证明了所克隆的青鱼β-actin基因5'启动调控区具有启动调控功能，并用之来构建&全鱼&基因的启动子部分。

Five plasmids for the expression of doxA gene, which were designated as pYG57, pYG502, pYG503, pYG505 and pYG506 were constructed so that the cloned doxA gene were under the control of either promoter of melanin gene or erythromycin resistant gene or their tandem promoters, and a fd terminator downstream.

构建了五个doxA基因链霉菌表达质粒pYG57、pYG502、pYG503、pYG505和pYG506，使得doxA基因在上游的Pmel启动子、红霉素抗性基因启动子或者两者的串联启动子，以及下游的fd终止子控制之下。

We selected mecA gene and femA factor asβ-lactam antibiotic-resistant genes, ermA, ermC, msrAgene as macrolides-lincosamids antibiotic-resistant genes, norA, grlA, gyrA, gene as Quinolonesantibiotic-resistant genes, and tetM gene as Tetracycline antibiotic-resistant genes on the basis of the latestresearch. We designed primers with GenBank enunciable gene sequence, cloned the drug resistantgenes, and sequenced these genes.

根据国内外最新文献报道，筛选出对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药的mecA基因及辅助因子femA；对大环内酯类及林可霉素类抗生素耐药的ermA、ermC、msrA基因，对喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药的norA、grlA和gyrA基因及对四环素类抗生素耐药的tetM基因作为拟选的主要耐药基因，分别设计PCR扩增的特异性引物，进行克隆。

Different plant expression vectors had been respectively transferred into upland cotton cultivars Jinman12, Jinmian7, Xinluzao1 and Jihe321 via Agrobacterium tumfaciens transformation. These vectors carried cryIAc3 gene, which encodes Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin, under the control of chimeric OM promoter, CaMV 35S promoter, and cotton leaf curl virus RP promoter respectively; snowdrop lectin gene (Galanthus nivals agglutinin, gna) trans-regulated by rolC promoter controlled TGAla factor; and multivalent expression construct of both cryIAc3-cpti fusion gene and gna gene. A large number of transgenic plants and their progenies had been obtained.

为了提高外源基因的表达量，延缓害虫产生耐受性，本文通过将携带有分别在高效复合OM启动子，CaMV35S启动子及棉花曲叶病毒RP启动子控制下的苏云金杆菌杀虫毒蛋白基因cryIAc3；反式调节因子增强韧皮部表达的雪花莲外源凝集素(Galanthus nivals agglutinin，GNA)基因；以及同时含有cryIAc3、豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因和gna三价抗虫基因的植物表达载体，以根农杆菌介导法分别将这些表达载体导入了陆地棉新陆早1号、晋棉7号、晋棉12号和冀合321等我国西北棉花主要栽培品种，经体细胞胚再生获得了大批转基因再生植株。

The invention clones geranyl pyrophosphate synthase GGPPS gene from the ginkgo to construct plant expression vectors which contain ggpps gene, the ggpps gene is inducted into immature embryos of the ginkgo to induct out the callus tissue by the mediating of agrobacterium tumefaciens, PCR and semiquantitative RT-PCR detect the conformation and expression status of exogenous target gene ggpps, high-performance liquid chromatography and an evaporative light-scattering detector are employed to determine the terpene lactones content inside the callus tissue of the ginkgo, and the obtained callus tissue of the ginkgo of which the terpene lactones content is increased is screened.

本发明从银杏中克隆香叶基香叶基焦磷酸合成酶GGPPS基因，构建含ggpps基因的植物表达载体，用根癌农杆菌介导，将ggpps基因导入银杏幼胚并诱导出愈伤组织，PCR和半定量RT-PCR检测外源目的基因ggpps的整合和表达情况，高效液相色谱法及蒸发光散射检测器测定银杏愈伤组织中萜内酯含量，筛选获得银杏萜内酯含量提高的转基因银杏愈伤组织。

The shaping method of noncircular part and the tool holder's radial motion characters in noncircular turning process are discussed in detail in the thesis.

论文详细研究了非圆零件的成型方法和加工过程中刀架的径向运动规律。

I have not really liked him,I do not like his this kind of disposition.

我没有真的喜欢他，我不喜欢他的这种性格。