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The distribution of hybrid chlorosis Ch1 gene and the T-type cytoplasm fertility restoring genes in Chinese endemic wheats were studied using the testors QA1104 (T-type cytoplasm sterile line, with hybrid chlorosis Ch2 gene) and Khapli emmer (with hybrid chlorosis Ch1 gene).

本研究以T型不育系QA1104（具有杂种黄化基因Ch2）和Khapli（具有杂种黄化基因Ch1）为测验种，对中国特有小麦等六倍体小麦类型和一些四倍体小麦类型中的T型胞质育性恢复基因和杂种黄化Ch1基因的分布进行了研究。

Silencing gene is a kind of transferred gene or invaded virus or endogenesis gene.

发生沉默的基因可以是外源性转移基因，也可以是入侵的病毒或宿主内源性基因。

The fused insecticidal protein may delay the process of insects?developing resistance. After investigation of the secondary structure and action mode of Bt insecticidal protein and Cowpea trypsin proteinase inhibitor, as well as the action mechanism of insect enterokinase, we devised the fusion gene on the base of maintaining their functions respectively. The method follows: CpTI gene is linked to 3?-end of GFM crylA gene by a nucleotide sequence encoding cleavage site of insect enterokinase.

根据Bt杀虫蛋白Cry1A和豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂的高级结构、杀虫机理及昆虫体内肠激酶的作用机理，本着尽量不影响二者功能的原则，设计出了构建Cry1A和CpTI融合杀虫基因CryCI的方案，即将CpTI基因的编码序列连接到GFM Cry1A基因编码区3'端，并在其间用一段编码肠激酶切割位点的序列相连。

With the competent germinating epicotyl of cotton as receptor in exogenous gene transformation, NPTII (neomycin phosphotransferase Ⅱ) gene carrying selection marker and GFP reporter gene were mediated into cotton by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The pre-culture time, bacterial-immersing time, co-culture time and antibiotics concn., etc of using agrobacterium-mediated transformation in the transformation of competent germinating epicotyl of cotton were studied.

方法］以棉花感受态萌动的上胚轴作为外源基因转化的受体，用农杆菌介导法将携带有筛选标记NPTII基因及GFP报告基因导入棉花，研究了农杆菌介导法用于棉花感受态萌动上胚轴转化的预培养时间，浸菌时间，共培养时间及抗生素处理浓度等。

Repens L. and E. intermedia Nevski by using SSR, in order to provide science theories basis and base to further study E. repens L. drought resistance gene molecular marker, discover excellent drought resistance gene source , fast and efficiently select with the molecular marker of drought resistance gene catena for E.

通过对20 份来源不同的偃麦草与中间偃麦草种质材料在室内模拟逆境和田间干旱条件下进行抗旱材料的筛选和鉴定，应用SSR 技术对偃麦草抗旱分子标记进行引物筛选，为进一步深入研究偃麦草与中间偃麦草抗旱基因分子标记、发掘优异抗旱基因源，快速高效筛选出与偃麦草与中间偃麦草抗旱基因连锁的分子标记提供科学理论依据和基础。

METHODS: After AIF△1-120 gene was successfully cloned, the shorter truncated human AIF gene (AIF△1-400) was constructed by deleting the Nterminal mitochondrial localization sequence, the coding sequence of flavine adenine dinucleotide binding domain and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide binding domain of AIF protein.The truncated human AIF gene (AIF△1-400) was inserted into the pIRES2EGFP and pcDNA3 eukaryotic expression vectors, and the coexpression vectors were then transfected into HeLa cells with LipofectAMINE.

在AIF△1-120基因克隆成功的基础上进一步改造，构建截去AIF基因线粒体定位信号，FAD结合结构域和NADH结合结构域（1-400位氨基酸）编码序列的AIF△1-400基因，将其克隆入pcDNA3和pIRES2EGFP真核表达载体，用脂质体法转染HeLa细胞，通过荧光显微镜观察，MTT检测等方法检测该基因在转染细胞中的表达及其对肿瘤细胞的促凋亡活性。

RESULTS suc2 gene fragment of about 1.5 kb was amplified and cloned. DNA sequencing confirmed that , compared with the published sequence, the cloned suc2 gene had correct sequ ence except for one point mutation, but that did not alter the amino acid sequence o f t he encoded peptide. By transformation of yeast cells with a constructed gene dis ruption vector, four yeast clones were obtained which showed correct auxotrophy. PCR and DNA sequencing indicated that these yeast clones had the expected genot ype.

结果用 PCR从酵母基因组DNA中扩增出大小约1.5 kb的suc2基因片段，序列测定表明除585位有一点突变外，所得suc2基因与文献报道相同，构建的定位突变载体导入酵母细胞后，得到4株营养型符合的突变体，PCR表明这些突变体中均有suc2基因的同源重组，取其中1株的PCR产物进行序列测定证实了同源重组的发生。

It can cause heavy losses of tomato production and friuts' quality. According to the researches of internal and external country, This review summarized the main symptoms of Fulvia fulva of tomato caused by cladosporium fulvum , the biological properties, including to form character, temperature and humidity of mycelium and spore, the outbreak of the disease, regularity of epidemic, race differentiation of different area, Maofen 802,Shuangkan 2No.should be chosen. In resisting disease ,mode of action, gene clone,gene structure,gene function and control methods of the disease.

根据国内外关于番茄叶霉病的研究情况，综述了番茄叶霉病的发病症状；病原菌的生物学特性，包括病菌的形态特征以及适宜菌丝和孢子的生长温度（20~25℃）以及湿度（85%以上）等条件；病害的发生条件和流行规律；不同地区病菌生理小种的分化情况；生产上应选用毛粉802、双抗2号等抗病品种；番茄与病菌之间的作用机制；番茄Cf及ECP等抗病基因的克隆、结构和功能及病害防治等方面的研究情况。

Lividans. Using pIJ903 bearing tsr gene as a vector, the two furthermost fragments of the cluster, 4. 0kb and 1. 5kb in size respectively, were inserted into it. To facilitate the detection of gene replacement, apr gene was placed in the middle of the two inserts. OriT from E coli plasmid RK2 was also incoporated into the vector, therefore, pIJ903 derivatives can be mobilized from E.

在具有硫链丝菌素抗性基因的pIJ903的单—BamHI位点，同向插入了FR-008生物合成基因簇两个最远端的4.0kb和1.5kb片段，并在二者之间插入了可在链霉菌FR-008和变铅青链霉菌中表达的阿泊拉霉素抗性基因，同时也插入了有助于将质粒引入链霉菌的oriT片段，从而构建出了置换整个基因簇的基因置换质粒pHZ691。

The DNA fingerprints of 4 biotypes of GM population from 7 locations were analyses by AFLP.Base on the fine mapping of resistance gene Gm6 against all 4 Chinese GM biotypes by RAPD and SSR methods respectively,the STS markers and SSR markers linked to gene Gm6 were used for breeding through marker assisted selection.Some new resistant germplasm with Gm6 gene were created.And 6 cultivars and 6 lines of two-line hybrid rice and 1 line of three-line hybrid rice against GM were bred and extended to the farmer.The technique system of MAS for resistant varieties against Asian rice gall midge was set up at Guangdong province of China.

用AFLP方法对从中国广东省7个地点采集的4个生物型的DAN指纹进行分析；在对用RAPD和SSR技术分别对抗中国4个稻瘿蚊生物型的基因Gm6精细定位基础上，用与Gm6紧密连锁的STS和SSR标记开展分子标记辅助育种，创造了一批抗稻瘿蚊的新种质，包括育成了6个栽培稻和6个二系杂交稻和1个三系杂交稻并在农户试种，在中国广东成功地建立了分子标记辅助选育抗稻瘿蚊品种的技术体系。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。