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The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

Furthermore, the metallic glass samples are prepared by vacuum injection method and the rationality of above-mentioned relationships and RBF models is directly verified. It is shown that there are extremum phenomena between the Rc andΔd ,Δe and v respectively. However, the positions of the extremum are different from different alloy systems and the extremum phenomena may be related to the optimum composition region and the optimum additive quantity. More elements in the alloy are in favor of the improvement of the GFA. And as for the high GFA alloy, the atomic percentage, atomic radius difference and atomic electronegativity difference are harmoniously matched.

d、Δe和v与临界冷却速度Rc的关系中都出现极值现象，对于不同的合金体系，极值出现的位置不同；金属玻璃的最优成分范围以及各种添加元素的最佳添加量行为，可能与此极值现象相关；合金中包含的组元数目多有利于提高其玻璃形成能力，玻璃形成能力强的合金，其各个组元的原子百分含量、组元原子半径差及其电负性差之间的搭配是很和谐的；融合建模的合金系之间包含的主要组元数量和种类越相近，所建立的模型的可靠程度越高，其预测结果与实测结果越吻合。

Furthermore, the new method can verify not only the non-repudiation of protocol in static state, but also atomicity in dynamic.

新方法不仅可以静态验证协议的不可否认性，而且可以动态验证协议的原子性。

The first chapter gives the summary of basic theories of EOS for solids, including often-used thermodynamic theories and phenomenological expressions during the study progress of EOS along with the finite strain theory. Furthermore, from the view of solid-state theory the general expression of EOS of solids P =Pc+Pn is given, and the microcosmic mechanism of compression for solids, i.e., the interactive potential energy between atomics, is also analyzed, subsequently several different forms of cold energies and pressures are derived.

第一章，给出了物态方程的基本理论概要，总结了EOS研究中最常用的热力学理论和唯象关系式以及有限应变理论，并从固体理论角度给出了固体物态方程的一般形式P =Pc+Pn，分析了固体压缩的微观机理——原子间相互作用势，由此导出了几种不同形式的冷能和冷压。

And furthermore, the effect of droplet diameter on atomization cooling is also studied.

结果表明：为取得较好的制冷效果，需使液力式雾化后的雾滴为弥雾滴

Thispaper proposed a necessary and sufficient condition for the well-posedness and attainability ofthe modified regulator problem. Furthermore, the state corresponding the optimal control has amean-square convergence rate faster than the given rate.

本文研究了一类带稳定度约束的无限时域不定随机LQ问题，给出了问题适定和可达的充要条件，且保证最优控制作用下的闭环系统具有不低于给定的均方收敛速度。

Furthermore, we separate the contribution from the leakage and cutoff effect to the attenuation constant, and then deduce an expression to determine the leakage in the reactive region.

根据该准则我们还进一步分离出泄漏效应和截止效应各自对衰减常数的贡献，并推导出在截止区内表征辐射能力大小的表达式。

Furthermore, the attenuation factor can be adjusted to optimize the destination cost as well. It outgoes algorithms that optimize either the network cost or the destination cost, and makes sense in kinds of communication environments.

同时还可以调节衰减因子使目的地平均费用也得到优化，克服了已有的优化方案只能优化网络费用或只能优化目的地平均费用的缺点，适用于各种通信场合。

Firstly, The sufficient con-ditions of the existence and uniquity of the positive equlibria by applying functional derivative isobtained; Secondly, the global attractability of the positive equlibria is investigated by charateristicroots theory and oscillation theory; Thirdly, regarding the delay as a parameter, conditions of theexistence of Hopf bifurcation and the peridic solution, furthermore, the form of the approximateperidic solution are obtained; Finally, Some specific examples are given and the solution diagrameappears by Matlab.

首先利用导数性质，得到了该模型正平衡态存在惟一性的充分条件；其次，利用特征值和振动性理论得到了该模型正平衡态全局渐近稳定性充分条件；然后，应用Hopf分支理论证明了该模型Hopf分支及近似分支周期解的存在性，并给出了周期解的近似表达式；最后，借助于MATLAB数学软件，举例并绘出了模型数值解的拟合图象，验证了文中定理条件的可行性。

Furthermore, I will augment the sum to one million.

还有，我要把金额扩大到一百万元。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了