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The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Preparation by electronic analytical balance is more accurate and intuitionistic than transferpettor or pipet, which can be further corrected and widely used.

电子分析天平配制比用移液器或吸量管直接配制更加精确直观，并且还可以进一步校正，值得推广。

The analytical geometry is used to study the formulas of Moire fringes for the measurement of screen line, to analyze the geometric forms and their properties of Moire fringes , and further discusses the bases of theory for the measurement of screen line.

本文用解析几何学方法研究测量网线的莫尔条纹方程，分析莫尔条纹的几何形状与特性，并且进一步讨论网线测量的理论依据，旨在深刻地揭示测量网线的莫尔条纹原理。

The research advances in the production, physical-chemical character, toxicity, analytical method and transformation of MC were reviewed, and further more the promising research fields on MC were also prospected.

主要针对MC的产生、物化性质、毒性、检测方法和处理方法的国内外最新研究进展进行了综述，并对重要的研究领域进行了展望。

For general engineering problems, the analytical transformation rules are sufficiently accurate to design the similar cascade profile, but further improvement of the precision is limited by the one-dimensional assumption of the transformation, therefore an inverse blade design method—influence matrix method, based upon the surface vorticity model, is developed to improve the precision effectively.

进一步讨论了在具有相同表面压力系数分布的情形下，进口马赫数对附面层发展的影响，发现在一定条件下，只要表面压力系数的分布相似，则叶面附面层发展情况及无量纲气动力参数也将存在相同精度的相似，这一结论使我们在进行相似流场模拟的模型设计中，得以只进行无粘流场之间的相似变换，从而大大减少相似模型设计的工作量和复杂性。

The third part is chapter 6, the conclusion part of the article, includes the analyzation and summarization of the reasons and further suggestions for the construction of tutors team.

第三部分是论文的第六章，是本研究的结论部分，包括对影响辅导员角色状况原因的分析和总结以及关于辅导员队伍建设的建议。

Finally, during analyzation of this result and its feasibility, the dissertation puts forward the questions which need to be solved in the further research.

最后，分析结果及其可行性，提出将来需要进一步研究的问题。

Hypoalbuminemia and general anasarca need further investigation if renal protein loss was not found.

严重的低白蛋白血症和全身水肿却未合并有重度蛋白尿之患者，需要我们做进一步之鉴别诊断和探讨。

And further we anathematize such as do not confess the resurrection of the dead, as well as all heresies which are not in accord with the true faith.

除此之外，我们也咒诅不相信死人复活，和所有不根据真信仰的异端。

With its maps, glossary and guide to further reading, this promises to be a major aid to students of christianity under the ancien regime.

凭借其地图，词汇和指导，进一步阅读，这个承诺是一个重大的援助下的旧制度，以基督教学生。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。