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Simple step function, discontinuous function characterized by continuous segments between points of discontinuity and continuous function, and multi--type of components in a redundancy subsystem considered, a mixed integer nonlinear planning model for redundancy and reliability optimization was presented.

考虑子系统中冗余组件的多样性以及可靠性-成本之间可能的三种函数关系，即简单的阶跃函数、连续函数以及分段连续而在分段点不连续的非连续函数，建立了可靠性冗余优化的混合整数非线性规划数学模型，并以实例进行了说明。

Since the 1960s,the leading shipbuilding countries begin to study on the ship condition monitoring and trouble analysis, Nobodys engine-room shipping on duty appeared .certainly the condition monitoring and trouble analysts system also meets some question ,such as: only give alarm or show the actual value of the parameter, does not possess the function of analyzing and giving operator the direct suggestion function about the complicated trouble reason , Only monitor the present running conditions, does not possess the function of predicting equipment future and run reliability though trouble analysis technology makes good progress in these yeas, onboard the ship is still rare .aiming to improve the shipping safety, this paper make some research work on the ship engine-room, the main innovation are as follows:Firstly, this paper introduces and analyzes the research work and current situation on the condition monitoring, trouble analysis and safety assessment .especially in the maritime fields .

船舶机舱系统结构复杂，故障源多，征兆参数丰富，故障与征兆之间常常不存在简单的对应关系，而是相互影响，关系错综复杂。60年代以来，世界上先进的造船国家都相继开展了船舶机械状态监控和故障诊断的研究，出现了无人值班机舱船舶，但仍存在不足之处，如：只给报警提示或显示参数的实际值，不具备对复杂故障的原因分析并给操作者以直接的提示或建议功能；只监测当前的运行状况，不具备预测设备未来运行可靠性的功能；尽管近年来设备故障诊断技术得到了很大的发展，但真正能成功应用于实船的尚不多见。本论文以船舶机舱为对象，以提高船舶营运安全性为目标，来研究船舶机舱的安全控制技术，主要内容如下：首先，介绍和分析了状态监测、故障诊断和安全评估的研究内容和现状，尤其是在船舶领域的研究近况。

The function of EM65-2 on the RL95-2 was detected by in vivo and in vitro test. We established the protocol of making the human RL95-2 endometrial carcinoma xenografts in the ovariectomized nude mice at first. Secondly we detect the function of EM65-2 on the subcutaneous enografts with or without benzoate estradiol and estrone. The function was evaluated by the change of tumor volume and the weight of the tumor and the uterine at the end of the test.

VEGF的调控分也分为体内和体外两部分进行，体内部分利用前面实验中获得的不同条件下的裸鼠的皮下移植瘤和小鼠的子宫，通过免疫组化方法检测不同雌激素和抗雌激素的条件下的VEGF的表达情况；体外部分，首先建立RL95-2细胞的无血清培养方法，然后建立无雌激素正常pH、无雌激素低pH的培养液和雌二醇浓度为10nM的正常pH等三种条件培养液，于培养的不同时间分离上清液，通过Elisa法检测上清中VEGF的变化。

This paper discusses such problems which are easily solved incorrectly in limitedteaching as, segment function is uncertain not to be elementary function, elementary function is un-certain to be continuous in its field of definition, unlimited variable is uncertain to be infinity, theinfinitely many infinitesimal is uncertain to be infinitesimal, the multiplication of two non- infinitesi-mal is uncertain not to be infinitesimal.

1分段函数不一定不是初等函数我们知道初等函数的定义是：常数和基本初等函数经过有限次的四则运算或复合，用一个解析式表示的函数叫初等函数。教材中的定义强调的"有限次"和"一个解析式"，使很多同学产生"非有限次"和"非一个解析式"的函数就不是初等函数的误解。例1f=ceox，s xx！0为分段函数，但也可以表示为f=e12(x-x2")+cos12(x+x2#"$)-1，故为初等函数。

Band on analysis of the river system and its formation, some characteristics of the river system are expounded herein such as fluidness, green ecology, resources, hydraulic, adjustability, human culture, integrity and so on. Functions of the river system is given such as natural function, service function, humanities and landscape function and disaster characteristics.

通过分析河流系统的概念和考虑河流系统组成特点，详细地论述了河流系统的流动性、绿色生态、资源性、水能、可调控性、人文性、完整统一性等；系统地提出了河流功能的具体内容，包括自然功能、服务功能、人文景观功能和灾害性能。

The fractional structure of the objective function maximizing RAROC makes it difficult to be solved. We noticed that in real financial practice, the expected return function and risk function of the portfolio are often homogeneous with the amount of investment.

根据RAROC的分式结构，以及回报函数和风险函数通常是关于投资额的齐次函数，将分式优化问题转化为对其分母的最优化。

To recover the time function of source, the deconvolution procedures based on least square method were developed, and to obtain the Frechet derivative of this function, we assumed it as a polynomial of tenth order, then the time function can be treated as a parameter to be identified.

至於波源时间之反求，则以最小二乘法为之，并假设其为十次多项式，而由此求出Frechet导数，并将其视为欲辨识之参数之一，由所得之结果得知，辨识出来之参数和事先假设者颇为相符。

Based on the discussion of the conception and character of the function of death penalty, the article elaborates on the function of death penalty from different angles. Then, draws a theoretical chart of the function of death penalty ?

本文在对死刑功能的概念和特点论述的基础上，以分析死刑的功能为中心对死刑功能的有关问题进行了较为详实的阐述，绘制了一副比较完整的死刑功能理论图。

The function of government is vital to the development of economic society, and the economic management function of the government is very important,because of this, the study of the government's economic management function has always being a constant "topic" in history.

政府的作用之于经济社会发展是至关重要的，政府经济管理职能问题是关系国计民生的重大问题。正因如此，关于政府经济管理职能的研究一直是历史上经久不衰的"话题"。

The first part is introduction in which some excellent results are given. For example, LeachandSholander mean of two variables E and its monotonicity, Some results of paper and [4] are also given. In Chapter l,mean function and mean family of n variables in one dimension are given. On the base of mean function of n variables of paper [1], weproof that is mean function and discuss its monotonicity andcontinuity.

第一部分是引言，主要介绍了一些已有的结果，如：一般的两个变元的Leach and Sholander均值B以及它的单调性，又介绍了文[1][4]中一些已有的结果，第一章主要介绍了一维n元平均函数和平均族，在已有的文[1]中给出的参差域K上的n元平均函数概念的基础上，证明一般形式的是平均函数，讨论了它的单调性和连续性，其中还将已有的二元Stolarsky平均推广到了n元平均。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。