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From the experiment discovered for the first time the dimethyl ether may substitute CO to take the chain-carrying agent of the peroxy free radical chemistry amplifier system, and optimized the CH_3OCH_3-NO-HO_2 chemistry amplifying system determination condition, the CH_3OCH_3 best density is 1.876 ppmv, the NO best density is 1.3ppmv, and obtained this method chain length CL=124, 5 parallel determinations densities of HO_2 are the 44.0pptv, the relatively standard deviation is smaller than 4%; Although chemistry box model computed result indicated the dimethyl ether, the ethene, the propene and the ethanol all can take the chain-carrying agent of the peroxy free radical chemistry amplifier system, and their simulation chain length all grows up compared to the CO-NO-HO_2 chemistry amplifying systems, but experiments proved the ethene, the propene and the ethanol have not suit the chain-carrying agents.

首次从实验上发现二甲醚可以替代CO作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂，并优化了CH_3OCH_3-NO-HO_2化学放大系统的测定条件，CH_3OCH_3的最佳浓度是1876ppmv，NO的最佳浓度为1.3ppmv，并得到了这一方法的链反应长度(CL=124)，5次平行测定浓度为44.0pptv的HO_2自由基，相对标准偏差＜4％；虽然化学盒子模式计算结果表明二甲醚、乙烯、丙烯和乙醇都能作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂，并且它们的模拟链长都比CO-NO-HO_2化学放大体系的链长大，但是实验证明乙烯、丙烯和乙醇不适合作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂。

Male flowers small, 1-3 per bract-axil, subsessile; sepals 3, free or very indistinctly connate at base; petals and disk absent; stamens 3; filaments free; anthers longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent.

雄花小，1-3 每苞片，近无柄；萼片3，离生或非常不清楚在基部合生；花瓣和花盘无；雄蕊3；花丝离生花药纵向开裂；无退化雌蕊。

Male flowers: sepals 5, imbricate, slightly connate at base; petals 5, imbricate, free, sometimes coherent or connate at base; disk glands 5, free or connate into ring; stamens 8-12, sometimes more, in 2-6 series; filaments at least partly connate, sometimes inner filaments connate into a column; pistillode filamentous or absent.

雄花 萼片5，覆瓦状，稍合生在基部；花瓣5，覆瓦状，离生，有时连着的或在基部合生；花盘腺体5，离生或合生为环状；雄蕊8-12，有时更多，在2-6 轮；花丝部分至少合生，有时内部花丝合生为柱子；退化雌蕊丝状的或无。

Male flowers: sepals 5 or 6, free, imbricate, sometimes glandular abaxially; petals absent; disk extrastaminal or intrastaminal, annular or dissected; stamens 6-60, free; anthers longitudinally dehiscing; pistillode absent.

雄花L 萼片5或6，离生，覆瓦状，有时具腺背面；花瓣无；花盘雄蕊外的或雄蕊内，环状的或多裂；雄蕊6-60，离生；花药纵向开裂；无退化雌蕊。

Male flowers: pedicel articulated at base; sepals 5, free, valvate, initially curved around stamens, later reflexed; petals and disk absent; stamens 5, free, inserted at bases of sepals; filaments short; anthers larger, thecae 2, parallel, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal; pistillode short and broad, peltate.

雄花 花梗有节在基部；萼片5，离生，镊合状，最初在雄蕊周围弯曲，后反折；花瓣和花盘无；雄蕊5，离生，着生在萼片的基部；花丝短；花药大，囊2，平行，内向，纵裂；退化雌蕊短和宽，盾形。

The biggest skin defect was 14 cm x 20 cm in size. Skin defects were repaired with flaps, myocutaneous flaps, free skin grafts and suturations. There were 4 gastronomies flaps, 6 latissimus flaps, 2 tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flaps, 1 transverse recuts abdominis myocutaneous flap, 5 plantaris medialis flaps, 3 random flaps, 12 free skin grafts and 5 suturings.

采用 7种不同类型的皮瓣、肌皮瓣、游离植皮和手术后直接缝合等方法进行修复，其中腓肠肌皮瓣 4例，背阔肌皮瓣6例，阔筋膜张肌皮瓣 2例，腹直肌皮瓣1例，足底内侧皮瓣 5例，邻近皮瓣3例，游离大块植皮1 2例，肿瘤切除后直接缝合5例。

The results of the ability of anti-oxidation scavenging DPPH free radical shows that polyhydroxy substituted N-benzoylserotonin derivatives (compound 1-10) have the generally better ability of anti-oxidation than control group, in which the IC50 of compound 1-10 ranges 8.75 to 18.02 μg/ml and the IC50 of trolox is 13.04 μg/ml. The abilities of anti-oxidation of compound 1, 4, 5, 7, and 10 are all better than the control group, trolox. Among all, compound 10 has the best ability of anti-oxidation (IC50 is 8.75 μg/ml). This study also discovers that the ability of scavenging DPPH free radical is strongly related to the number and the position of hydroxyl.

在清除DPPH自由基的抗氧化能力结果显示，相较於对照组水溶性维生素E之IC50值13.04 μg/ml，多羟基取代之N-色洛冬宁苯甲醯胺衍生物（化合物 1 ~ 10），皆具有相当不错的抗氧化能力，十种醯胺化合物的 IC50值介於8.75 ~ 18.02 μg/ml之间，化合物1、4、5、7、10的抗氧化能力效果皆优於对照组水溶性维生素E的IC50值，其中又以化合物10的效果最佳(IC50值8.75 μg/ml)，而清除DPPH自由基的能力发现与羟基的数量及其位置有关。

In the third chapter, we assume the expected returns of the risky and risk-free assets as well as the covariance matrix of the risky assets are not exactly known, but defined by some known elements, which form the vertices of this polytope. We consider three problems, the first one is when there exists no risk-free asset in the

第三章假设风险资产和无风险资产的收益以及风险资产的协方差矩阵不是完全确定的，其相关参数属于某个已知的凸多面体，分别在市场不存在和存在无风险资产的情况下定义了稳健最优投资组合问

In this paper we assume the expected returns of the risky and risk-free assets as well as the covariance matrix of the risky assets are not exactly known, but defined by some known elements, which form the vertices of this polytope. Robust optimal portfolio problems are proposed in the market with and without risk-free asset. And the analytical solutions are given out when the covariance matrix of the risky assets are exactly known.

本文假设风险资产和无风险资产的收益以及风险资产的协方差矩阵不是完全确定的，其相关参数属于某个已知的凸多面体，分别在市场不存在和存在无风险资产的情况下定义了稳健最优投资组合问题，并在协方差矩阵确定的情况下给出了问题的解析解。

At each level, the parameters, hyper parameters and model parameters are adjusted to minimize the Kullback-Leibler divergence between their posteriors and real distributions so that the variable free energy can approach the real free energy.

在指出证据框架和自由能最小化方法等贝叶斯推理方法的局限性的前提下，通过对比证据框架的方法，提出了自由能框架的概念，将通常难以求解的自由能最小化过程分解成参数自由能最小化、超参数自由能最小化、模型参数自由能最小化等层次，在每个层次上调节参数、超参数和模型参数，使其后验分布为其真实分布之同的Kullback-Leibler距最小，以使可变自由能逼近真实自由能。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失