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The boundary contour formulations of evaluatingstresses from the Somigliana stress identity are derived for 2-D problemswith quadratic boundary elements.The boundary contour method basedon the traction boundary integral equation is further discussed.Elasticproblems are first solved using the traction boundary contour method.Amixed collocation of the displacement boundary contour formulation andtraction boundary contour formulation is given.(4)The dual boundarycontour method is developed for the analysis of crack problems.

3建出了Somigliana应力积分式的二维和三维问题的边界轮廓法理论；给立了二维问题由Somigliana应力积分式计算应力的二次形函数的边界轮廓法方程，进而给出了基于面力边界积分方程的边界轮廓法；提出了一种以位移边界轮廓法方程与面力边界轮廓法方程混合配置的方案，首次实现了用两种积分方程相结合来求解弹性力学问题。

Commitment to the province on September 5 and focus on key project "BT series of complex new biological pesticide formulations of the Development and Application" and other 13 provinces and cities focus on science and technology research projects to promote the Bt pesticide, such as the practical use of biological research, biological pollution-free vegetables Pesticides "Cabbageworm of Hope" was the promotion and application of scientific and technological progress in Yangzhou City, third place; scientific and technological achievements "BT fluoride bell urea mixture of the Development and Application" through the identification.

承担并主持省九五重点攻关项目"BT系列生物杀虫剂复配新剂型的研制与应用"等13项省市重点科技项目研究，推动了Bt等生物农药的实用化研究，无公害蔬菜生物农药"青虫灵"的推广应用获得扬州市科技进步三等奖；科技成果"BT氟铃脲复配剂的研制与应用"等通过鉴定。

So accurately calculability of power transmission losses is very important not only to the evaluation of power transmission losses management, but also to the formulations of losses decreasing measurement.

因此，能够对线损进行精确的计算，对于考核企业线损管理工作成效、制定各项有效地降损措施是极其重要的。

However,authors still do not find the relevant references on convergence and symmetric problems of the semi-analytical solution.Based on the semi-analytical solution for Hamilton canonical equation theory,the formulations of the clamp and simply supported and symmetric boundary conditions on the Hamiltonian element are derived by the variational principle.Several numerical examples show that with increase of meshes,the convergence rate of the semi-analytical solution is faster than the convergent rate of traditional finite element method based on displacement.

①在厚度上没有任何位移和应力模式的假设，由于传递矩阵方法的引入，从理论上讲，不受板壳厚度或层合板壳层数的限制；②采用弹性力学的Hamilton正则方程半解析法，可以克服边界的局部化效应[8]；③由于在平面内或圆柱壳的曲面内采用了有限元法，所以一般的板壳问题不受结构侧面边界条件的限制，在复杂工程板壳问题上具有广泛的应用领域。

The results of our research showed that the chinaberry seed oil, two emulsion formulations of crude toosendanin, Margosan-O, azadirachtin, AZT(NR-2), AZAL-S, petrolem ether extract of the leaf of Tagetes erecta, methyl extract of the root of Tagetes erecta, methyl extract of the whole plant of Bidens pilosa, the oil of Ageratum conyazoides and polygodial had potent toxicity to the larvae of Anopheles sinensis, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopitus.

中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis、致倦库蚊Culex quinquefa-sciatus和白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus都是我国重要的传病蚊种。本研究首次证实下列植物的提取物对上述三种蚊虫有毒杀作用：(1)苦楝：苦楝油；(2)川楝：川楝素乳剂、蔬果净；(3)印楝：Margosan-O、印楝素、AZT(NR-2)、AZAL-S；(4)万寿菊：叶石油醚提取物、根甲醇提取物；(5)三叶鬼针草：整株植物甲醇提取物；(6)百花草：精油；(7)水蓼：Polygodial。

The some basic methods in composite mechanics are introduced,and relative formulations are derived.Maximum stress criterion,Maximum strain criterion,Hill criterion and Cai-Wu criterion are showed.The solid model of level-stability-panel is built by CATIA software,its finite element model by PATRAN/NASTRAN software.Through finite element analysis,the stresses and displacements of level-stability-panel are obtained.In order to analyze the strength of asingle part of level-stability-panel,the software CLOP is developed.The process of taking the data from NASTRAN's results and importing them to CLOP is showed.The strength of back wall of lev el-stability-panel is calculated by CLOP.

论文叙述了复合材料力学分析的基本方法，并推导了相应的计算公式，给出了几种常用的强度准则；利用CATIA软件对某型直升机的平尾进行实体建模，然后在PATRAN/NASTRAN软件中读入该模型，形成了有限元分析模型，并进行有限元分析，获得了平尾的应力云图和位移云图；为了对平尾的局部复合材料结构进行强度分析，开发了CLOP程序；从平尾结构中取出后樯作为强度分析的对象，表示了从NASTRAN分析的结果到CLOP程序输入的方法，计算出了后樯的强度数据。

Formulations for analysis of geometries with closed form deviation equations are presented.

提出了以闭型偏差等式形式给出的各种几何学分析公式。

The varied formulations joint with codeine are FDA authorised for the direction of tensity headaches .

不同配方的联合与可待因是FDA的认可，为的方向强度头痛。

Using the formulations given in this dissertation, one can easily obtain the normal forms for codimension two bifurcations of map.

利用文中所给公式。很容易获得映射余维二分叉的范式。

Our research methods,content and conclusion have greater application scope and significance:which can correctitude the thought of the study on the essence of sydrome;can guide the study on the law of compatibility of prescription and the correlation of prescription and sydrome,innovative of medicine formulations and new product development;at the same time can guide clinical medication.

我们的研究方法、内容与结论，具有较大的应用范围和指导意义：可以端正证本质研究的思路；对方剂配伍规律研究和方证相关研究、药物剂型革新和新产品开发亦具指导意义；同时可以直接指导临床用药。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。