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A denotational semantics of Timed RSL is defined based on observations on channels, variables, and return values, using Extended Duration Calculus formulas with advanced features.

我们基于对通道、变量和返回值的观察，使用带有高级特征的扩展的延时演算公式，定义了时间化RSL的指称语义，它能够用单一的公式描述所有类型的表达式行为。

This Al -free 980nm pump laser have many merits, such as improved catastrophic optical damage level; no degradation due to oxidation of aluminium during fabrication process and laser operation, which is desirable characteristic for multi-step growth; lower electrical and thermal resistance with GalnP cladding; better carrier confinement with GalnAsP confinement layers; Selective chemical etching between GaAs and GalnP maks precisely control for fabrication of stripe geometry lasers.· Calculated the physical parameters of ternary and quaternary III - V compoundsby interpolation formulas based on curve fits or on a linear regression, such aslattice parameter, band gap, and refractive index.· Using luttinger-kohn Hamiltonian-based propagation-matrix method presentedby S.L.

这种无Al980nm半导体激光器可以提高激光器出现腔面损伤所需的能量，消除在生长过程和应用过程中由于Al的氧化而使激光器的使用寿命缩短的问题，便于激光器的多次生长；以GaInP为盖层可以降低电阻和热阻；可以精确的控制GaAs和GaInP之间的化学刻蚀，便于激光器几何形状的控制。

Research progress at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed on the correlation s of physica1 and chemical properties between crude oil and its distillations including the selection of correlation al parameters and the conformation of correlation al formulas.

综述了国内外原油及馏分油物性关联研究的进展，包括关联参数的选择、关联公式的构造等。

In chapter two,we give the basic concepts and basic formulas about the first eigenvalues.

第二章主要介绍有关第一特征值的一些基本概念和基本公式。

Based on Hagedorn and Brown's method of wellbore pressure calculation, theoretical and actual liquid holdups at low gas liquid ratio are defined, and the principle and formulas to calculate the critical liquid carrying flow rate are established.

针对低气液比的气井携液情况，以Hagedorn和Brown井筒压力计算方法为基础，定义了理论和实际持液率，建立确定低气液比携液临界流量的原则和计算公式。

About a year passed, and all he had given us a few incantations to make heaven and earth clash, and smattering of various formulas and useful practices.

大约过了一年，老师教给我们的只是几句天地碰撞的咒语，几条不同的法则和有用的巫术。

This paper summarizes the research job of predecessors, full text is divided in four part:The first part introduces the develop history and present conditions of MCRE;In the second part, the concept of average Markov process is introduced. Moreover we investigate the relations for Markov processes, martingales, stationary processes and average Markov process systematically.The third part summarizes the model that constructs the MCRE by p-m chains and skew product Markov chains by p-m chains, also we discuss the relations among the basic gunctions of the probability character for MCREIn the fourth part, we discuss the dimension of GW-tree and the canonical branching chain in random environment, furthermore we summarize the exact formulas of mathematical expectation and variance of branching chain in random environment.

本文主要是综述这方面前人工作，全文分成四个部分：第一部分介绍了MCRE的发展历史和研究现状；第二部分研究了马氏过程、鞅和平稳过程这三类经典的随机过程的相互关系，包括他们之间的包含和排斥关系，引入了&均马氏过程&的概念，研究了它与三类经典过程—马氏过程、鞅及平稳过程的关系；第三部分综述了用p-m链构造的构造的随机环境中的马氏链和绕积马氏链，讨论了与之相关的概率特性函数的性质；第四部分讨论了GW树的维数，并综述了随机环境中的典范的分枝链，讨论了随机环境中的分枝链的数学期望和方差的计算公式。

On the basis of actual difference between longitude and latitude,the nine basic-scale topographic map numberings are calculated by formulas in the paper, and then the traditional graphical method continued from the past in survey teaching would be replaced by the formula method.

按经纬差划分为：l：100万、1：50万、1，20万、1，10万、1：6万、l：2.5万、1：1万、l；5千、1：2干等9种规格。多年来，在《地形测量规范》，《测量学》、《地形测量学》等测量书籍中，一直没有完整统一的公式计算图幅编号，码沿袭传统的几何作图法，逐级推算求得。给教学、生产、地图管理和应用等方面带来不便，不能适应计算技术发展的需要。

In the construct process of area formulas for rectangles, right-angled triangles, and parallelograms, all six students appeared significant difference in perception ability.

一、在长方形、直角三角形和平行四边形等面积公式的建构历程，六名学童的「察觉能力不同」（察觉能力包括「察觉面积公式规则」和「发展心象切割拼补能力」）。

On the basis of characteristics of the electric circuit, theoretical analysis has been given about noise and bandwidth of the PMT preamplifier circuit, and theoretical formulas for noise and bandwidth have also been presented in this paper.

根据所研制电路的特点，论文还对光电倍增管前置放大电路的噪声和带宽进行了理论分析，给出了噪声和带宽的理论计算公式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。