查询词典 formula translator

It has been argued that translator's previous knowledge and tradition presuppose the manifestation of target text, and that language in essence manifests translator's state of being, and therefore stipulates the style of target text. the former reflects the inherent historicalness while the latter the innate subjectivity of translating.

业已证明，译者的先有知识和传统对译文的生成样态具有定向预设作用，这反映了翻译活动的本然历史性；语言乃是作为此在的译者的存在方式，语言因素也必然对译文的生成式样具有显著规约作用，这反映了翻译活动的本然主体性。

Thus the translator as a negotiator is supposed to optimize the relevance of the original text or writer and the target readers: The translator produces the text that yields sufficient contextual effect and meanwhile whose readers do not have to spend unnecessary effort processing it. The paper explores the instances concerning the study of the following questions in translation theory:(1) the indeterminacy, open-endedness and the fuzziness characteristics of the text or meaning;(2) content and form, and (3) readers expectation.Starting with exploring the nature of the implicature, we find out its three characteristics: the strength of communication, communicating a range of ideas and responsibility. The combination of these characteristics can lead to poetic richness and beauty.

首先，本文以关联理论为指导分析了隐含意义的三个特点：第一，隐含意义的表达可以体现出不同的强度；第二，隐含意义可以表达多层意义；第三，说话人和听话人对隐含意义的理解负有不同的责任；听话人结合不同的语境对说话人的言语作出各种各样的理解，从而使言语产生丰富的语境效果，亦即使隐含意义呈现出诗学效果。

In the communicating chain between the author, translator and reader, the translator acts as an intermediary, or as the receiptor and speaker/writer simultaneously in the communication triangle in terms of pragmatism.

在原作者，译者，读者的关系链中，译者处于一个中介人的位置（方梦之，2002），从语用学角度分析，其实也就是同时处于交际三角中的"受众"与"写作者/演讲者"的两角。

3Effective history principle gives the chance for the translators of the different ages to retranslate the same source, from which three re-translation strategy are standardized: corrective retranslation strategy; reconstruction retranslation strategy; proselytizing retranslation strategy. Gadamer also puts forward a non-translatable hermeneutics principle. But this does.not mean his negation to translation. The model of conversation in understanding proposed by Gadamer points out that translation is not the monologue of the translator but a process of dialogues between translator and source which leads to mutual understanding.

效果历史原则既赋予了不同历史时代的译者重译同一文本的机会，并由此可以规范出三种重译策略：勘误性重译策略、重构性重译策略和指向性重译策略，也提出了不可翻译性这一诠释学原理，但这并不代表伽达默尔对翻译的否定，他所提出的理解的对话模式说明翻译的过程并非原作者的个人独白，而是译者与文本进行对话并达到相互理解的过程，这反而在理论上论证了译者劳动的创造性价值，肯定了翻译创造论。

Then, the focus of the dissertation turns to the phenomenon of retranslation related to the translator's subjectivity. It is pointed out afterwards that the subjectivity can almost be seen everywhere in translated texts and that the translator attempts to put his or her subjectivity into full play to compensate the deficiency of the translation activity itself.

继而，本文讨论与译者主体性发挥相关的重译现象，并指出：译者主体性几乎无处不在，译者尝试最大限度地发挥其主体性来弥补翻译本身不可避免的缺陷，然而，无论译者如何充分地发挥其主体性，都无法使翻译的作品完美无暇。

It proposes a multiple-level model with different addressers and addressees, highlights the translator as a rewriter in relation to the target language text, and concludes that translation criticism should be discourse-oriented and do justice to the role of the translator as a communicative participant in the cross-...

文学翻译批评应该从文学语篇交流的特点出发，把语言形式与文学意义结合起来研究译者在跨文化语境下话语过程中的参与者角色和地位。

Using systems philosophy and Robison's Somatics of Translation as the methodological and theoretical frame work, this article discusses the effect of translator's values and historical background on the text selection, translation strategies and translation quality and concludes that translator's ideology and poetics determines the nature of the equivalence in translation.

论文以 Robinson 的"翻译身体学"为理论框架，以系统范式为指导，从意识形态和诗学追求两方面探讨了译者个体及其历史背景对文本选择、翻译策略以及翻译质量的影响。研究发现，译者的意识形态和诗学追求决定了其翻译作品对等表现的性质。

Until major turn happened in Western translation studies in the 1970s, the status of the translator as the subject was elevated objectively with the development of translation theories and the dynamic role of the translator was gradually brought to surface in translation studies since then.

直到上世纪七十年代以来，西方翻译研究发生重大转向，其翻译理论的发展客观地提升了译者的主体地位，译者的主观能动作用才逐渐在翻译研究中突显出来。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

I've been a translator and interpreter for 2 years after my graduation from university and I got the certificate for CATTI level 2---the highest level for translator qualification test,I always detest some bloody idiots like you--the ones who favors machine translation...

那个叫大侠风采旳人你看明白没我做ㄋ这么久旳翻译专业旳口译和笔译因为近日不忙所以上网翻译点东西 just for fun，你别血口喷人，我从来不用机器翻译，也非常痛恨那些用机器翻译旳人靠这个挣分。。。

According to our present broadcasting situation,the thesis proposes using new technology to update and reform the present HFC. It also suggests broadcasting using self-advantage and arranging EPON in order to win the supermarket.

论文从我国广电的现状出发，结合实际，积极倡导采用新技术更新、改造我国现有的HFC网络；倡导广电现阶段利用自身优势，部署EPON网络来赢取市场。

A new general kinetic equation was derived in which the effect of the removal of condensation water was taken into account completely, and was applied to the polyesterification kinetic study of AA/HPHP and AA/NPG. It was found that the reaction order of self-catalyzed polyesterification was not constant. For these polyesterifications, the reaction order was 2.5 at a low temperature, while 3.0 at a high temperature.

考虑缩合水的排除对反应体系的影响，用体积浓度单位推导出一个新的聚酯反应总包动力学方程，并应用到AA/HPHP和AA/NPG两个聚酯化反应的动力学研究中，研究发现，自催化聚酯反应的反应级数并不是固定值，对于AA/HPHP和AA/NPG两个聚酯化反应而言，低温时反应级数为2.5，高温时反应级数为3.0。