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This paper study the character and application of the solution of BSDE, the main results include: for the second kind of BSDE, the existence and uniqueness of the solution under non-Lipschitz condition, comparison theorem and stability are established , under weaker condition , the existence of the minimal and maximal solution is proved and the application in stochastic control and utility function is given; for the first kind of BSDE, under weaker condition , the existence of minimal and maximal solution .stability, comparison theorem and application to utilityfunction are proved.

本文研究倒向随机微分方程解的性质及其应用，主要结果有：针对第二类方程，讨论了在非Lipschitz条件下倒向随机微分方程解的存在唯一性，比较定理及稳定性等，在更弱条件下，得到了倒向随机微分方程的最大解和最小解的存在性，在此基础之上，给出了在随机控制及效用函数方面的应用；针对第一类方程，同样在较弱条件下，证明了方程最大、最小解的存在性、稳定性、比较定理及其在效用函数的应用。

The lattice parameters in both solid solution at equilibrium andextended solid solution prepared by melt quenching seem to be predicted with moreaccuracy.By this modified model,the lattice parameters of Cu-Al,Cu-Si and Ni-Al systems solid solution at equilibrium and Ag-Sn,Ag-La and Ag-Gd extendedsolid solution were calculated.They are in better agreement with the experimentalvalues than the Moreen′s.

用本修正方法可以更准确地预测平衡固溶体和溶体淬火制备的扩展固溶体的品格常数，计算了Cu-Al，Cu-Si，Ni-Al平衡固溶体和Ag-Sn，Ag-La，Ag-Gd系扩展固溶体的晶格常数，本修正方法计算值比Moreen模型计算值与试验值相符更好。

Results:①In normal extracellular solution, the non-selective cholinergic agonist acetylcholine and the muscarinic agonist muscarine both caused the increace of [Ca2+]i in separately 21 out of 25 and 14 out of 18 VHCs I, while only 3 out of 20 and 2 out of 16 VHCs I had a weak increase of [Ca2+]i if investigated in calcium free extracellular solution; nicotine could increase the [Ca2+]i in 7 out of 32 VHCsⅠonly at enough high concentration(up to 10 mmol/L) in normal extracellular solution, this [Ca~(2+)]_i increase by nicotine at high concentration could not be investigated if at calcium free solution.

结果①非选择性胆碱能受体激动剂乙酰胆碱、M型胆碱能受体激动剂毒蕈碱在正常细胞外液中均可引起大部分(21/25， 14/18)单离VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i的升高，但无钙外液中ACh、muscarine仅使少部分(3/20，2/16)VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高且作用减弱；正常外液中，N型受体激动剂尼古丁仅在高浓度(≥10 mmol/L)时引起部分(7/32) VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高，在低浓度时对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显，无钙外液中，10 mmol/L nicotine对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显。

Here mainly introduces five natures of the initial value problems, In several aspects summed up as the following : whether there are solutions to the problems, whether the only solution, the existence of solutions interval extent; Initial issues under what conditions have a solution--Cauchy - Piano existence theorem; how the district between the definition of a solution to open up a larger interval up; initial value problems for the sole condition --- Lipschitz conditions; 3、the numerical solution of the initial value problems of Ordinary Differential equations .

在这里主要介绍了初值问题的5个方面的性质，分别在这几个方面中总结了以下内容：初值问题是否有解，解是否惟1，解的存在区间有多大；初值问题在什么条件下有解----柯西-皮亚诺存在定理；怎样把在小区间上有定义的解开拓到较大的区间上去；初值问题解的惟1性条件---李普希茨条件；3：常微分方程初值问题的数值解法。

Procedure—Separately add 6.0mL of Ammonium Citrate Solution and 3.0mLof Potassium Cyanide Solution to the Standard solution and the Test solution.

步骤－将6.0ml的柠檬酸铵溶液和3.0ml的氰化钾溶液分别同时加入至标准溶液和测试溶液中。

Based on the existence condition of the solution for singular ordinary differential systems,the existence condition of the solution of the degenerate neutral differential system as well as the general solution are obtained by defining the solvable matrix pair and fundamental solution and using Laplace transformation.

讨论了对于退化矩阵E不是方阵情形的一般退化中立型微分系统的解，基于退化的常微分系统解的存在性条件，通过定义可解阵对和基础解以及利用拉普拉斯变换，给出了一般退化中立型微分系统解的存在性条件以及通解表达式。

These weight matrices are actually the least solution matrix and all maximal solution matrices of the min-implication fuzzy relation equation, respectively. The complete solution set of min-implication fuzzy relation equation can be determined by the maximal solution set of this equation.

同时给出了严格的定理证明：这些连接权矩阵分别为对应的最小-蕴涵合成模糊关系方程的最小解和所有极大解，从而得到了此模糊关系方程的完备解集。

After the formalization of the RMA problems, methods for normalizing the original stochastic decision matrix are proposed. For discrete RMA problems, the concepts of C-type solution and S-type solution are defined, and the inclusion relations between different sets of solution in the same type and between different sets of solution in different types are concluded. For continuous RMA problems, the decision analysis based on Dα-dominance relation is illustrated.

在对风险型多属性决策问题进行形式化描述之后，按照离散和连续两种情况，分别给出了风险型多属性决策属性数据的预处理方法；对离散风险型多属性决策问题，定义了C-类解和S-类解，并给出了各类解集之间的包含关系；对连续风险型多属性决策问题，给出了基于Dα优势关系的分析方法。

The enthalpies of solution and the thermodynamics of styphnic acid 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol the solution solved in DMF were studied.The enthalpies of TNR solution with different concentrations were measured by a SETARAM C80Ⅱcalorimeter at 298.15 K and the empirical formula for enthalpies of TNR solution is calculated by polynomial simulation on the computer.

应用微热量热仪测定了斯蒂芬酸在溶剂N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中不同浓度时的溶解焓，用计算机拟合的方法求得计算该物质溶解焓的经验公式(ΔsolH=-14.392-988.6b+34.992b1/2)。

Objective TO compare the different changes of blood lactate and blood gases when given the lactated Ringer's solution and acetated sodium solution during operation. Methods 40 patients are divided equally into the lactated Ringer's group and the acetated sodium grouprandomly,adapting the combined intravenous and inhalation general anesthesia. The lactated Ringer's gis given in group L and the acetated sodium in group A. Neither groups are cross-given other crystal solution during operation, polygeline is the only colloid solution in both groups.

目的 比较术中输入乳酸钠林格液和醋酸钠林格液血乳酸盐及血气的变化方法 40例择期手术患者按随机字表随机分乳酸钠组和醋酸钠组，每组各20例，采用静吸复合全身麻醉。L组术中输入乳酸钠林格液，A组术中输入醋酸钠林格液，两组术中不交叉输入其他晶体液，输入胶体液均为菲克血隆。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？