查询词典 formal language

At the same time , we discuss the determinism and nondeterminism of formula-clock automata and the closure propertied under Boolean operation of the language which is accepted by formula-clock automata. We also prove the expressive equivalence between the deterministic formula-clock automata and the nondeterministic formula-clock automata. This means that every nondeterministic formula-clock automata can be transformed to a deterministic formula-clock automata which exactly accept the timed language identified by the fomer.We also extend timed words to infiniteness and define the formula-clock Buchi automata and the formula-clock Muller automata. At last, we show its application in formal verification and modeling of real-time system.

然后讨论了公式时钟自动机的确定性和非确定性，公式时钟自动机识别的语言类在并、交、补运算下的封闭性；并证明了确定的公式时钟自动机和非确定的公式时钟自动机表达能力的等价性，这意味这每一个非确定的公式时钟自动机都能转换为一个与之识别相同时间语言的确定的公式时钟自动机；我们将时间字扩展为无穷的，从而定义了公式时钟Buchi自动机与公式时钟Muller自动机；最后给出了用它进行实时系统的形式化验证方面及对实时系统建模的应用。

Based on recursive functions defined on context-free language, LFC (language for context free recursive function) is a formal specification language and fits for dealing with phrase structure.

以上下文无关语言上的递归函数为基础的语言LFC(1anguage for context free recursive function)是一种形式规约语言，适于处理短语结构。

In the case of a literary language, on the other hand, which is a dead language and as such essentially unchangeable, it is reasonable to suppose that in the course of time its orthography, as well as single words and phrases, and, perhaps, here and there, some formal elements, have been subjected to change in order to be more intelligible to later readers.

在该案件文学语言，另一方面，这是一个死亡的语言和作为这种基本上是一成不变的，是合理的假设认为，在这个过程中的时间，其拼写法，以及单一的单词和短语，以及，也许，在这里和那里，一些正规的内容，一直受到改变，以期得到更多的理解到后来的读者。

In order to introduce the formal techniques such as stepwise refinement, automatic transformation and testing based on formal specification to the multimedia field, we first present a powerful subset of Allen's interval algebra as the temporal specification language to multimedia program.

为了在多媒体领域中应用逐步求精、程序自动生成和面向形式规范的并发系统测试等形式化技术，本文首先研究一个表达能力足够的Allen区间代数的子集合，以它作为多媒体对象时序关系的描述语言。

Therefore, some these fields are thoroughly investigated in this dissertation, which are respectively mentioned as the following: 1. The Formal Description Language ISITL for Intrusion Signatures ISITL is a high-abstractive formal description language for representing intrusion signatures based on the interval temporal logic and first-order predicate calculus.

本论文对此展开了全面深入的研究，其内容主要包括： 1、基于时段时态逻辑和一阶谓词逻辑的入侵特征形式化描述语言ISITL ISITL克服了以往检测语言以"情景描述"为主的缺陷，转而采用形式化的方法来刻画入侵模式的入侵特征。

Just as in ocular vision the formal object must necessarily be something coloured, so in Divine faith the formal object must be something Divine -- in theological language, the objectum formale quod of Divine faith is the First Truth in Being, Prima Veritas in essendo -- we could not make an act of Divine faith in the existence of India.

正如在眼视觉正规对象必定会有某种颜色，所以在神的信仰正式物体一定有神圣-在神学语言， o bjectumf ormale和神圣的信仰是第一真理，在正，从表面上看V eritas公司在e ssendo--我们不能做的行为，神圣的信仰在存在印度。

In the aspect of the Philosophy of Language, Montague Grammar inherited Frege's theory of meaning, Russell's theory of reference, Carnap's theory of verification, Goodman's Modern Realism, Tarski's theory of truth, Kripke's semantics of possible worlds of modal logic, etc, and opens up a new direction in the study of Formal Semantics of natural language; in the aspect of Theoretic Linguistics, Montague was influenced by Chomsky's research idea about the formal treatment of the syntax in natural language and extended it to the semantic study of natural language; Montague Grammar has two theoretic sources: One is the Logical Semantics and Intensional Type Theory in Logic, and the other is Categorial Grammar and Transformative Generative Grammar in Linguistics.

在语言哲学方面它继承了弗雷格的意义论，罗素的指称论，卡尔纳曾的实证主义，古德曼的现代实在论，塔斯基的语义学真理论，克里普克的模态逻辑可能世界语义学的传统，开辟了自然语言形式语义学研究的新方向；在理论语言学方面，他受乔姆斯基形式化语言研究思想的影响，并把这一思想扩展到自然语言的语义研究方面；蒙太格语法的理论来源有两个方面：逻辑方面是逻辑语义学思想和内涵类型论理论，语言学方面是范畴语法和转换生成语法。

Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in formal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situation. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language.

另一方面，口语的词汇和表达方式也是近乎所有的演说者熟悉并会在正式的演说和写作中使用的，而不会用在多数正式场。

Formal Theory of context can be used in many areas of AI: Using the formal notion of context in representation and reasoning not only embodies context-dependency of knowledge, but also make representations simpler. Since the reasoning process can be localized, the efficiency and openness of systems are both improved. In Natural Language Understanding systems, formal theories of context provide a framework for representing ambiguity and make the process of disambiguating easier.

形式化的context概念可以用于AI的许多领域：在知识表示和推理中使用形式化的context概念，不仅能体现知识对context的依赖性；而且表示结果简洁，可以局部化推理过程，提高系统效率，建立开放的AI系统；context形式理论为语言歧义性的表示提供了一个形式框架并使消歧过程更方便；context决定了中肯性标准，从而有望改善智能信息检索系统的性能。

The confusion has persisted, however, because several of the Futurist painters, Boccioni, Carra, Soffici, and Severini (who, living in Paris, was familiar with Cubism from the first), appropriated aspects of the formal language of Cubism, using them to serve their own ends.

混乱一直坚持，但是，由于几位画家的未来学、boccioni、卡拉胶、soffici、Severini(卫生组织住在巴黎，从第一次熟悉立体主义)，划拨方面的正式语文立体用他们自己的目的服务。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。