查询词典 forest

Department of forest sciences is primarily dedicated to education and research in forest sciences including developing forest ecosystem management, improving forecasts of forest growth and yield, designing cost-effective forest regeneration practices, natural resources management, biometeorology, soil microbiology and biochemistry, horticulture and agronomy, animal science.

森林科学系主要致力于森林科学的教育及研究，其科学领域包括发展中的森林生态系统管理，改良森林生长和生产量的预测，森林重建实践的成本有效设计，自然资源管理，生物气象学，土壤微生物学和生物化学，园艺和农学，动物科学。

To study the effect of nematode-induced forest succession on avian communities, we chose three forest types at different seral stages, including evergreen broad-leaved coppice infested by the pine wood nematode for five years and evergreen broad-leaved forest infested for 12 years, both from Xiangshan County, Zhejiang, and one 40-year-old evergreen broad-leaved forest from Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang.

为了探讨在松材线虫侵袭所引起的森林演替过程中植被结构变化对鸟类群落的影响，我们研究了这此常绿阔叶演替林中的鸟类群落结构。2004年5-6月，我们在浙江省宁波市选择了分别处于3个不同演替阶段的7个样地：包括象山县被松材线虫侵袭5年后的常绿阔叶灌丛和侵袭12年后的常绿阔叶林样地各3个，同时在天童国家级森林公园选择了约40龄的常绿阔叶林样地1个。

The canopy interception will increase with the precipitation during at the beginning of rain, but it will keep stable later. The canopy interception quantity of six forest types is Mixed conifer forest, Pinus massoniana forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Broadleaf forest and Shrubbery and grass land in order.There is much difference among the different species of the shrub and herbage.

林下灌草层不同的物种最大持水量有很大区别，在测定的物种中持水量最大的是糯米条，持水量最小的是柞木，糯米条的持水量接近柞木的3倍。6种森林类型林下灌草生物量从大到小依次是灌草地、马尾松林、针叶混交林、针阔混交林、阔叶林和柏木林；灌草层的持水量与其生物量具有密切关系，生物量多的持水量相应也多。

The results are as follows:The relationship between the precipitation and the stemflow is a linear regression. The stemflow of six forest types is Broadleaf forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Mixed conifer forest, Pinus massoniana forest and Shrubbery and grass land in order.

结果如下：树干茎流量与降雨量成线性相关，回归方程达到极显著水平；6种森林类型的树干茎流量从大到小依次为阔叶林、针阔混交林、柏木林、针叶混交林、马尾松林和灌草地；不同树种间的树干茎流量差异极显著，影响树干茎流量的主要树体特征因子是冠型结构、胸径和平均冠幅。

The throughfall of six forest types is Shrubbery and grass land, Pinus massoniana forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Broadleaf forest and Mixed conifer forest in order.The relationship between precipitation and the canopy interception is a power regression.

降雨初期，林冠截留量随着降雨量的增大而增大，但随着林冠吸水饱和，林冠截留量会逐渐趋于一个稳定范围。6种森林类型的林冠截留量从大到小依次为针叶混交林、马尾松林、柏木林、针阔混交林、阔叶林和灌草地。

Climate and soil factor of Catanopsis hystrix native forest in fifteen countries were surveyed, results showed that Distribution area of Castanopsis hystrix native forest in Gangxi belongs to south subtropical seasonal wind climate, and Castanopsis hystrix native forest in the forest mainly was representative types of south subtropical seasonal rain forest and ever - green broad - leaved forest in China.

通过调查统计广西15个红锥天然林县市的气候和土壤因子，结果表明广西红锥天然林分布的地区属南亚热带季风气候区，以红锥天然林为主的森林是我国南亚热带季雨林化常绿阔叶林的代表类型；红锥天然林分布以赤红壤、红壤林地出现较多，土壤酸碱度为微酸性（pH4.36～6.23）。

Consequently, to evaluate forest sustainability of a certain region becomes important in sustainable forestry and sustainable development. Forest carrying capacity is an important and key index in evaluating forest sustainability, premise of forest management and decision-making, and an essential component of the theories in sustainable forestry and forest management and forest ecosystem.

因此，如何评价一个确定区域的森林是否可持续便成为可持续林业、可持续发展研究中亟待解决的重要问题，而森林承载力是森林可持续性评价中的一个重要的关键的指标，是制定和实施区域可持续林业发展规划、战略的前提，是区域森林经营管理决策的依据，同时它也是可持续林业理论的重要组成部分，是森林经营管理理论和森林生态学中的一个全新内容。

The result indicates that the water, tundra, residential sites, needle-leaved forest and brass were decreased from 1977 to 1985; while the plantation and the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest obviously increased; and the broad- leaved forest, betula ermanil forest, road and bare soil also increased. During 1985 to 1999, the water, bare soil, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, broad-leaved forest reduced, the rest landscape types increased in this area.

分析表明：从景观面积变化率来看，1977~1985年间，水体、苔原、居民点、针叶林和草地的面积减少，耕地和针阔混交林的面积增加显著，阔叶林、岳桦林、道路、裸地增加；1985~1999年间，水体、裸地、针阔混交林和阔叶林的面积减少，其他类型面积增加。

The four models were analyzed and normalized. We studied the procedure and method of building forest fire model base. Model base was build by object-oriented method based on category of model. Forest fire spreading models algorithm were implemented. We designed model dictionary base, model file base, and model knowledge base. Model base administration and maintenance functions were developed and implemented model file management, parameter management and knowledge management. The problems of interface between of model base and database were solved by means of model data control files. Model base ensured the availability of supporting for forest fire model suitability selection technology and forest fire model self-adapting updating technology.(3) Based on BP artificial neural network, we designed a frame construction of forest fire model selection of suitability. Forest fire model selection knowledge was produced through BP artificial neural network.

2建立了林火模型库建设的林火蔓延模型评价标准，根据模型评价标准和试验区实际情况，在42个林火蔓延模型中选择了目前最具有影响力和最具有典型代表性的Rothermel模型、王正非模型、加拿大模型和澳大利亚模型进行了解析和归一化处理；对林火模型库的建库过程和方法进行了研究，在林火模型分类基础上，采用面向对象的模型库表示方法建立了林火模型库；实现了林火蔓延模型算法，设计了模型字典库、模型文件库和模型知识库；开发了模型库管理与维护功能，实现了模型的文件管理、参数管理和知识管理；通过模型数据管理文件解决了模型库与数据库之间接口问题；实现了林火模型库对林火模型适宜性选择和林火模型自适应修正技术的有效支持。

The results showed that 9 natural vegetation types were distributed in 6 gradients. Except gradientⅠ, the dominant vegetation types along other gradients were all monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest. Gradient had greater effects on the distribution of seasonal rainforest and temperate coniferous forest, had some effects on the distribution of mountain rainforest, deciduous monsoon threat and river valley savanna forest, had smaller effects on monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest had no effect on warm-hot savanna forest and tropical bamboo forest.

结果表明：9个自然植被类型在6个坡度级均有分布；6个坡度级中除Ⅰ坡度级优势类型是水域外其他坡度级的优势植被类型均是季风常绿阔叶林；坡度对季节雨林和暖温性针叶林的分布影响较大，对山地雨林、落叶季雨林和河谷稀树灌木草丛的分布有一定影响，对季风常绿阔叶林和暖热性稀树灌木草丛的分布影响较小，对暖热性针叶林和热性竹林的分布无影响。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷