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Computation formula for expecting probability is derived from simple mathematics Computation method for continuousset and discontinuous set of expecting probability, give reference and academics to personnels who are engaged in engineering hydrology design and research.

本文以简单的数学推导导出了期望概率的计算公式；给出了连续系列和不连续系列期望概率的计算方法；具有可操作性。对于从事工程水文设计和研究的人员具有一定的参考价值和学术价值。

Preliminary standard reference spectra for the unliganded enzyme and for the spectral changes induced by sodium dithionite and succinate were obtained. The wavelength and intensity of the UV signal observed in agreement with results of ox-reduced state of heme b.

其次我们使用不同还原剂succinate、Na2S2SO3分别处理两种纯度的样品，通过分光光度计检测细胞色素b的氧化还原状态，观测到了不同还原剂影响下的细胞色素b的特征光谱。

Results of this paper can be used as a reference for the study of solid-liquid two-phase flow in pipelines and for the design of power drives in the slurry transport system of a dredger.

本文的研究成果对管道固液两相流研究有一定的参考价值，并可为挖泥船泥浆输送系统动力设备的设计提供参考依据。

This paper describes the characteristics of the construction technique of floating plate ballast bed for subway at home and abroad and sums up the experience for the reference to the similar construction technique based on the construction technique of floating plate ballast bed with continuous-casting in place-metal elastic buffer in a double-tracked horseshoe-shaped tunnel of Shengzheng subway.

本文通过对深圳地铁一期工程单洞双线马蹄形隧道内，连续-现浇-金属弹簧隔振器式浮置板道床施工工艺的阐述，同时综合国内外地铁浮置板式道床施工工艺特点，总结了一些经验和认识，以供类似工程施工借鉴。

In this research, we try to find a more practical formula for calculating the impact force of boulders. We infer an academic formula from the elastic collision theory. Then, in the experiments, we simulate the impact by debris flow with mixed diameters in order to correct the result formula. We hope we can provide a reference for future slit dam design and debris flow prevention.

本研究目的为利用弹性体碰撞理论，推求出巨砾冲击力之理论式为基础，藉由实验方式，以混合粒径模拟土石流撞击梳子坝，来修正推算出之冲击力理论式，求得一个更符合实际撞击情形之巨砾冲击力计算式，期能对尔后梳子坝设计及土石流灾害防治问题，提供一设计之参考。

Study of shielding effectiveness of metal cavum,which can be the shielding encloser for airplane and missile,it is the reference for estimating the EM leakage of airplane or missile in the metal cavum.

金属腔体可作为飞机或导弹架构辐射泄漏的屏蔽体，研究其屏蔽效能可为预估飞弹或飞机在此屏蔽架构下的泄漏参考。

Examples of modules are a dictionary module for word explanation and Wikipedia for encyclopedic reference.

例子模块字典模块字的解释和Wikipedia百科全书参考。

The simulation of laser welding temperature field by computer can help understand it, and build the foundation for the simulation of welding stress, and offer essential reference for welding parameter selecting.

利用计算机模拟激光深熔焊的温度场可对进一步的焊接应力模拟提供基础，对焊接工艺的确定提供有意义的参考。

This paper extends the ant colony algorithm which is used for solving 0-1 knapsack problem in reference [7], and gets enlightenment from the ant colony algorithm with 2-opt local optimization for solving traveling salesman problems: Exchange strategy can make the algorithm have faster convergence rate and get better quality solution. So this paper presents the ant colony algorithm based on exchange stragegy.

本文推广了文献[7]中求解单维0-1背包问题的蚁群算法，并从结合2-opt等局部优化的蚁群算法求解旅行商问题中得到启示：通过交换策略可以加快算法的收敛速度和获取更高质量的解，因此提出了基于交换策略的蚁群算法。

In this paper, mathematical analysis, linear algebra is more material as the foundation, on the basis of previous studies, will solve a number of the function extreme value methods, such as distribution method, elimination method, the discriminant method, mean inequality method, the geometric method, vector method and derivative method, and so to summarize, and on this basis is given for each method the corresponding examples to illustrate for readers to reference and understanding.

本文以数学分析、线性代数更教材为基础，在前人研究的基础上，将求解函数极值的若干方法，如配方法、消元法、判别式法、均值不等式法、几何法、向量法和导数法等等进行归纳总结，并在此基础上针对每一种方法给出相应的例子加以说明，以便读者参考和理解。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。