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By using network flow theory,the optimization problem of power conservation is transformed into the optimal bipartition problem of a flow network which can be partitioned by the max-flow min-cut algorithm.

利用网络流理论，将节约电量的最优化问题转化为一个流网络的最优分割问题，而后者可采用最大流最小切割算法实现最优切分。

This study presents the investigating of microchannels flow. It is divided into two parts, the flow characteristics of micro venturi and the performance of straight-walled and curved-walled micro nozzle/diffuser respectively. The experimental results are also compared with the simulation results whereby we can observe the flow field in micro venturi and discuss the bounder effect of micro nozzle/diffuser.

本文主要是针对微喷嘴的空气流场进行研究与探讨，研究分为两部分进行，分别是探讨微文氏管的流力特性及曲面微喷嘴边界对流力效能的影响，并将实验结果与CFD软体的分析结果相互比较，藉以观察微文氏管内之流场分布并探讨微喷嘴较佳之流力性能。

It is often tested by an unsteady state flow experiment and calculated by JBN method,which is only fit for Darcy flow through medium-high permeability with high velocity of displacement because of taking neither non-Darcy flow nor capillary attraction into account.

通常用非稳态流方法测定和用JBN方法计算它，但未考虑非达西流及毛管力的影响，故只适合于中高渗透岩石达西渗流的情形，且要求非稳态相对渗透率实验驱替速度较高。

In February 2000, the following flow charts and recording sheets were improved and put into use in 2001 by the former General Administration of Inspection and Quarantine: the whole CIQ residue monitoring work flow chart, CIQ residue monitoring sampling flow chart, CIQ residue monitoringsampling sheet, CIQ residue monitoring sampling tag, CIQ residue monitoring delivery sheet, CIQ residue monitoring testing results report sheet and the result statistics table.

2000年2月原国家出入境检验检疫局制定并修订完善了《中国动物及动物源食品残留物质监控计划》的工作流程图、CIQ残留监控取样流程图、CIQ残留监控取样单、CIQ残留监控样品标签、CIQ残留监控送样单、CIQ残留监控检测结果报告单、CIQ残留监控结果统计报表，并在实施2001年度残留监控计划中启用。

These measures are as follows: shorten the primary wind intervals to improve thermal load of the burner; reduce the size of hypothetical circle of contact to prevent the flame from splashing; use nozzles with larger height/width ratio to increase the effusive rigidity, so as to increase the jet flow depth of secondary wind into the main jet flow; use a higher primary wind velocity to increase its jet flow rigidity; use a special flame holder structure of the primary nozzle, so as to improve

实践证明，采用这些方式最终有效解决了炉膛结渣问题，并切同时兼顾了锅炉热效率与炉内燃烧的稳定性。

The instability originated in the upper R_B-like convection zone develops to larger region with the increase of Grashof number, and the number of non-axi-symmetric circulations decreases. When Grashof number exceeds another critical value, cooling air may invade the cavity and flow toward the shroud, the circulations decrease to one pair occupying the whole cavity in radial, thus these two zones are merged into one. The core structures in the cavity rotate against the disks, while the structures keep no change at the case of periodic oscillatory flow. With the Grashof number rises, the flow undergoes stable, periodic, periodic with cool air invading, quasi-periodic and ultimately to chaos.

离心浮升力是造成非等温轴向通流旋转盘腔内流动不稳定的主要因素，而哥氏力的存在加剧了流动不稳定性，导致流场失稳提前发生，而且在哥氏力的作用下流线发生偏转，盘腔内r-θ面出现了旋向相反的对涡，流动结构更加复杂化；随离心浮升力的继续增加，r-θ面的对涡减少，当其超过某一临界值后部分冷流体侵入盘腔，对涡减少至一对，而且沿径向充满整个盘腔；此后随离心浮升力的增加对涡的数量不再变化；r-θ面的对涡相对于盘面周向移动，但是形状基本保持不变。

Firstly, it studies the relationships among cost, price, sales quantity and profit, and gives a optimal allocation model of indirect fixed cost and its calculating method for the firms using cost-plus pricing,. Secondly, it studies systematization of cost flow control technology and embedded it into MRP-Ⅱ. Then the model of integrating cost flow control and material flow control is presented.

本文一方面研究了成本—价格—销售量—利润之间的关系，为采用成本加成定价法的企业提出了一种间接固定成本在不同产品上的优化分摊模型，并给出了计算方法；另一方面将成本流控制技术系统化，并将其有机地嵌入MRP-Ⅱ系统中，提出了将成本流控制与物流控制有机集成的管理模式。

To probe into the relationship of patchiness with energy flow,matter flow and information flow,and developing research of watershed ecology is a necessary tendency of modern ecology.

故从更高的层次研究水体，将视野从水体扩大到汇水区域，或流域，将其视为一个生态系统进行研究，探讨水、陆之间的斑块镶嵌及能流、物流和信息流的关系，是现代生态学研究的必然趋势。

It is revealed that both the roasting and cooling air flow run radially at inlets and then run slantingly upwards or downwards into roasting-preheating zone inside IVAC. And the gas flow in the whole soaking zone is weakened. There are possibly three gas flow patterns in PSF, which are mainly dependent on the ratio of inflow, i.e., the greater the ratio is, the higher the downward roasting air flowrate and the lower the upward air flowrate will be. The critical ratio of inflow mainly depends on the constructional parameters and packed bed conditions of PSF.

结果表明：焙烧风和冷却风在进口处呈放射状，之后斜向上或斜向下分别流入焙烧-预热带和导风墙内；整个均热带内气流较为薄弱；炉内存在三种气流分流的可能，流入风量比是决定气流分流的最主要因素，其中，流入风量比增加，焙烧风下行趋势增大，而冷却风上行趋势减小；临界流入风量比主要取决于结构参数和料层情况。

The PCR products were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The target gene fragments were purified by gel extraction kit and ligated to cloning vector pMD18-T. The recombinant vectors were transformed into host strain E. coli K802 by lithium chloride method, screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. Their sequences were confirmed by DNA sequencing.(2) sTWEAK1 gene was subcloned into expression vector pProEx HTb and transformed into E. coli BL21. sTWEAK2 gene was subcloned into expression vector pMAL-C2x and transformed into E. coli TB1. The recombinant vectors were screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. The recombinant fusion proteins were induced to express with IPTG, detected by coomassie brilliant blue-stained SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , and confirmed by Western blot analysis.(3) The sTWEAK1 fusion protein was purified with Ni-NTA Spin Kit.(4) The biological activity was assayed on transformed and tumor cells by microplate photometer after crystal violet or sulfur rodamine B staining.(5) The contents of IL-8 in the supernatant of 1990 cell cultures were determined by ELISA.(6) The morphological changes of the sensitive cells were observed by light and transmission electron microscopies.(7) The cell cycle and apoptotic rate were assayed by flow cytometry in 1990 and M85 cells.(8) The effect of fusion proteins on induction of NF-κB in 1990 and LOVO cells was detected with Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay system.(9) The TWEAK gene was subcloned into Adeno-X Viral DNA with pShuttle vector and transfected into HEK293 cells by lipofectamine method.

(1)本研究用RT-PCR方法，从人组织细胞总RNA中扩增可溶性TWEAK胞外区（sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2）的cDNA序列及全长编码序列，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物，胶回收目的基因片段，连接到pMD18-T克隆载体中，转化大肠杆菌K802，PCR和酶切筛选阳性克隆，全自动DNA测序验证序列；(2)sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2分别亚克隆到pProEx HTb和pMAL-C2x表达载体中，分别转化大肠杆菌BL21和TB1，PCR筛选和酶切鉴定，阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达，表达产物用SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot验证融合蛋白；(3)用NTA-Ni Spin试剂盒初步分离纯化sTWEAK1融合蛋白；(4)用体外培养的肿瘤细胞和正常对表达产物进行活性检测，贴壁细胞用结晶紫染色法，悬浮细胞用磺酰罗丹明B染色法，酶标仪检测OD值；(5)敏感细胞用ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中IL-8的含量；(6)用光镜和电镜观察敏感细胞死亡和细胞凋亡情况；(7)用流式细胞仪分析表达产物对敏感细胞凋亡率和细胞周期的影响；(8)用双荧光素酶报告基因检测法，测定表达产物对敏感细胞NF-κB的影响；(9)用pShuttle穿梭质粒将TWEAK重组到腺病毒载体上，用脂质体转染法转染HEK293细胞，PCR鉴定重组质粒。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐