查询词典 first-order theory

The second theory reinforces the first, by combining the pressure for ever greater success with the selection of bosses ill-equipped to handle it.

由于没有足够的经理具有能力应付这种史无前例的成功，这无疑造成了一种压力。

The first part states in a comprehensive way the research on Zhou Zuoren so as to define the purpose, methodology and significance of the dissertation. The second part analyzes the experience of Zhou's self-culture creation from a personal angle-Yue culture in Zhejiang gave Zhou a perceptual knowledge of folklore, while the idea of world folklore gave him a rational cognition of folk' culture. The combination forms a dual folklore. The third part observes Zhou Zuoren's examination of literarure from folklore's perspective as well as its pioneering significance. The fourth part explores in a further way Zhou's perspective of folk culture, and analyzes the method he has established to conduct literary criticism from the angle of folklore as well as his research on Chinese Culture. The fifth part analyzes the impacts folklore theory and folk culture have on the formation of Zhou' literary ideas, focusing more his folklore interpretation and humanism perspective about the origin and hist ory of literature, also his literary aesthetic standards about "ordinary humanism" and "loving amusement" from the position of folklore. The sixth part expounds Zhou's achievement in combining literature and folklore and explores the consistency of their focus on human, thereby presenting a complete picture of Zhou's literature. The last part generalizes the revelation drawing from the research done in this dissertation.

本文分为六章：第一章综述周作人研究的历史与现状，从而确定本文的研究目的、方法及意义；第二章从社会、时代背景、区域文化传统和个人文化选择的角度，阐释周作人选取民俗学视角观照文学的原因，侧重分析周作人自我文化建构的心路历程——浙江越文化传统的浸润给周作人以民俗学的感性认识，而世界民俗学的理念赋予他注重民间文化的理性精神；第三章考察周作人的民俗学研究及先锋意义；第四章进一步探讨周作人的民俗文化观，分析他确立的从民俗文化角度进行文学批评的方法，兼及他从民俗学视角进行的中国文化研究；第五章分析民俗学理论及民俗文化观在周作人文学思想生成中的影响，着重论述周作人关于文学起源和文学发展史的民俗学阐释、文学的民俗人性观，以及从民间立场出发所具有的"平凡的人道"、"有情的滑稽"等文学审美原则；第六章从创作实践方面，探讨周作人文学作品的民俗文化意蕴，进一步论述周作人将文学与民俗结合在一起的实绩，并揭示二者以"人"为核心的内在精神的一致性，从而呈现出周作人较为完整的文学风貌；最后是余论，指出这一研究的启示。

This case has two impli cations: first, comparing to" Economic Man" hypothesis in the Western," Self-profit" theory has inner shortage. Second, for establishing modern market economy, it is only an essential condition to acknowledge to human' s self-profit inherent quality. Other important elements, such as consciousness of liberty, democracy, modern law institution, are full conditions of market economy' s development.

较之于西方的"经济人"假设，先秦时期的"自利人"描述在理论内涵上是有缺陷的；承认人都具有求利的本性是建立市场经济的必要条件，只有具备了其他现代意识和社会机制，市场经济体制才能建立和发展起来。

Viability Theory is applied to the optimal control problem for this class of hybrid dynamic time varying systems in this dissertation for the first time. And the statement about a characterization of the extended value functions as the unique lower semicontinuous solution to a Bensoussan-Lions type QVI is proved.

本文首次将生存理论应用到这一复杂系统的最优控制问题中来，得到了最优控制问题中的值函数是一类拟变分不等式唯一的下半连续解的重要结论。

Viability Theory is applied to the optimal control problem for switching time varying systems in this dissertation for the first time. The statement about a characterization of the extended value functions as the unique lower semicontinuous solution to a Bensoussan-Lions type QVI is proved.

本文首次将生存理论这一数学工具应用到有限时间切换时变系统的最优控制问题中，得到了最优控制问题的值函数是一类拟变分不等式唯一的下半连续解的重要结论。

In 1987, the first national study of theory of health education seminar held in Beijing.

真正意义上的健康传播学研究在我国进行的时间并不长。

This is the first differentiation of Husserl's semiotic theory.

把符号划分为"表述"与"指号"，这是胡塞尔符号学理论的第一个区分。

First, in the part of theoretical building, the thesis expounds and proves that the semiotic theory can be applied to analyzing advertising and defines the humor in advertising as well.

首先，在理论构架部分，本文回顾了符号学的相关理论，论证了符号学对于广告的理论指导意义，并对广告中的幽默进行了界定。

It is a theory which, though nursed into importance by political passions, derived all its sap from the speculations of lawyers. True it certainly is that the famous Englishmen, for whom it had first had attraction, valued it chiefly for its political serviceableness, but, as I shall presently attempt to explain, they would never have arrived at it, if politicians had not long conducted their controversies in legal phraseology.

如果这个故事表示着著者意中的道德观念，并且是用以暴露这一世纪和上一个世纪曾受到其威胁的一种反社会异端，这诚然是无可指摘的；但如果由它而得到的推论是：一个社会在允约和合意上如果没有给予一种神圣性，而这种神圣性与一个成熟文明所给予的尊敬相类似，这个社会就不可能结合在一起，则它所含有的错误将是非常严重的，它将使我们对于法律史不能作出正确的理解。

The first chapter is about the basic theory of shareholder

第一章，股东诉讼的基本理论。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。