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In chapter 3, on basis of the first order shear deformation theory, a series of composite laminated beam elements are developed, which are plied transversely, longitudinally and/or assembled both, respectively. A geometric nonlinear element stiffness matrix for the transversely plied laminated beam is presented.

第三章首先介绍了目前已有的在小变形下的横向层合梁、纵向层合梁和组合层合梁理论，并推导了其相应的有限元列式，然后又基于Von-Karman大挠度理论的几何关系，推导了大变形下横向层合梁的单元切线刚度阵。

In chapter 2, a tangent stiffness matrix formula of four-node C〓 element for the laminated plate is deduced, which is based on the first order shear deformation theory and the Von-Karman nonlinear deformation assumption.

第二章首先给出了在一阶剪切效应和Von-Karman大挠度理论下复合材料层合板的几何关系，然后基于单元域内和边界一致概念，推导了在大变形下"无剪切闭锁"的层合板单元切线刚度阵，并给出了复合材料层合板后屈曲分析的有限元平衡方程。

Then,the first order second moment theory in structural reliability analysis,i.e.,the checking point method was introduced to compute the two failure modes respectively,and two corresponding reliability i...

将两种失稳模式视为串联系统，由逐步等效平面法计算结构体系可靠度指标，最后由结构体系可靠度指标计算出该挡土墙稳定性的结构体系失效概率。

Using the first order shear deformation theory for plate and mechanical-electro coupled variational equation, the two dimensional dynamic finite element formulation containing the effect of pressure in the cavity was derived.

数值分析了在不同的结构和声腔共振频率下主动控制效果，结果表明通过合适地布置压电片，能够很好地控制腔体的声压与位移。

Considering the interaction between theΓvalley and the folded L valley, we calculated the dependence of theΓvalley of ordered GaInP on pressure using first order perturbation theory.

在考虑有序GaInP中Γ能谷和折叠到Γ点的L能谷相互作用的基础上，用一阶微扰理论计算了有序GaInP直接带隙发光峰峰值能量随压强的变化，计算结果和两个样品的实验结果符合得很好。

A rectangular finite element for laminated plate with bonded and/or embedded piezoelectric sensors and actuators is developed based on the variational principle and the first order shear deformation theory.

基于变分原理和一阶剪切理论，本文建立了一种新的机电耦合矩形有限单元，该单元具有四个节点20个位移自由度，电自由度为单元中的压电铺层层数。

Moreover, students should know some basic theories of initial value problem of differential equation, stability theory and first order linear or quasi-linear differential equations.

稳定性理论或一阶线性偏微分方程有所认识。

This theory emerged from those philosophical and logical inquires Russell made in his early stage, when Russell use logical analysis to solve the semantics problem his meaning theory suffered. The foundation of the theory of descriptions is a theory of meaning, as this thesis presents, and its central notion includes two syntax rules. Based on the first order predicates calculus, this theory seems successfully solve some notable semantics problems and then assures Russell's denotation theory.

本文认为，摹状词理论有深刻的哲学渊源，它脱胎于罗素早期的哲学和逻辑研究，直接缘起于罗素想要利用逻辑的分析方法去解决意义指谓论所面临的语义学难题；摹状词理论的基础是它的意义理论，核心是两个句法规则，它基于带等词的一阶谓词演算成功地解决了一些著名的语义学难题，维护了直观的指谓论，从而产生了巨大而深刻的哲学影响。

Both a free volume approach for Helmholtz free energy and a theoretically-based fitted formula for radial distribution function of hard sphere solid were employed to describe the Helmholtz free energy of Lennard-Jones solid in the framework of first order thermodynamic perturbation theory.

结合描述硬球固体Helmholtz自由能的自由体积方法与描述硬球固体径向分布函数的拟合的分析表达式与一阶热力学摄动理论，用于描述Lennard—Jones固体的Helmholtz自由能。

In chapter 2, a finite element model for the composite sandwich plates is developed, based on the Zig-Zag deformation assumption and the first order shear deformation theory, and the finite element buckling analysis governing equations for the plates under mechanical, thermal and/or thermal-mechanical mixed loads are deduced respectively. By Von-Karman nonlinear deformation relations and Total Lagrange formulation, an incremental governing equation for postbuckling analysis is established and a corresponding effective computational scheme is presented..

第二章首先建立了基于Zig-Zag截面变形假定和Mindlin一阶剪切理论的夹层板有限元分析模型，分别推导了夹层板机械力、热载和热—机械力耦合屈曲分析的有限元列式和相应的屈曲前以及屈曲临界状态的平衡方程，基于Von-Karman大挠度理论，采用增量形式的全局lagrangian法推导了复合材料夹层板增量形式的几何非线性有限元离散平衡方程，给出了一种有效的非线性平衡方程的迭代求解格式。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。