查询词典 first order theory

World each country takes theory of transfer of technology seriously very discuss and study, search its underlying law, reduce error, in order to obtain first-rate economic benefits.

世界各国都十分重视技术引进理论的探讨和研究，寻找其内在规律，减少失误，以获得最佳的经济效益。

In order to find a powerful assistant computation tool for further analysis and design of multilayer optical coatings,an analytical model is mathematically established for accurate calculation of the first and second derivatives of the spectral coefficients of multilayer optical coatings with respect to layer parameters like thickness,real refractive index and extinction coefficient. It is based on the matrix theory of calculating the spectral coefficients of multilayer optical coatings and is achieved by perfectly using the trace operation of matrix.

为了寻找一种膜系深入分析与设计的有力辅助计算工具，从光学薄膜光谱系数的矩阵计算理论出发，基于对矩阵求迹运算的巧妙运用，从数学上建立了准确计算膜系光谱系数关于膜层几何厚度、实际折射率和消光系数等膜层参数的一阶和二阶偏导数的解析模型。

The problem of multi-objective usually meet many conflict each other and can not use the objective of the same standard unit, then to employ membership function of fuzzy theory,at first each objective function to change fuzzy set and express with membership function, membership function include the maximum constraint, minimum constraint, the decrease function of monotonic property, to become optimal of the multi-objective function, but still to scanty of weighting value with regard to adjustment of objective function, thus this thesis proposes the method of combine orthogonal arrays and particle swarm optimization to solve the problem of multi-objective optimal power flow, each objective function separately add weighting value, to setting each weighting value of objective function in order to the result of anticipating.

多目标最佳化的问题通常会面临到许多互相冲突且不能用同ㄧ标准单位的目标，於是利用模糊理论中的归属函数，首先将各目标函数转换成模糊集合并以归属函数表示，归属函数包含了最大限制值、最小限制值、单调的递减函数所组成，将各目标函数利用归属函数表示，形成单一目标函数的最佳化，但是仍缺乏权重值对於目标函数的调整，於是本篇论文提出ㄧ种权重值设定与粒子群优演算法的方法去解决多目标最佳电力潮流的问题，将各目标函上分别加上权重值设定各目标函数的权重值，得到预期的效果。

Firstly, the eigenvalue problem of a class of second order elliptic equation with critical potential and indefinite weights is considered. Then, using critical point theory, Trudinger-Moser inequality and the properties of the first eigenvalue, we prove the existence of a nontrivial solution for a class of nonlinear elliptic with critical potentialand indefinite weights in R~2. Secondly, we prove the existence of nontrivial solutions for a class of subcritical and critical elliptic systems with indefinite part in R~2 byusing a generalized linking theorem, Trudinger-Moser inequality and concentration-compactness principle.5. The existence of at least three weak solutions for discrete boundary value problem is established by using a three critical point theorem introduced by Ricceri.

首先，讨论了R~2中一类带不定权且含临界位势的二阶椭圆型方程的特征值问题，并借此特征值问题的第一特征值性质，利用山路引理及Trudinger-Moser不等式，证明了R~2中一类带不定权且含临界位势的非线性椭圆型方程非平凡解的存在性；其次，利用广义环绕定理，Trudinger-Moser不等式及集中列紧原理，得到了R~2上一类具有强不定部分的半线性椭圆型方程组在非线性项分别为次临界增长和临界增长情形下非平凡解的存在性。

The interpolate algorithms of three-order NURBS curve and double three-orders NURBS surface are presented. The expressions of partial derivative and normal curvature of NURBS surface are derived by the theory of differential geometry. The geometric characteristics of different curvature area of the free-form surfaces are analyzed in detail. All these work lays a theoretical foundation for constructing the cutter location calculating model of free-form surfaces NC machining. 2 On the basis of analyzing the methods of cutter path generation, the standard of evaluating the various methods of cutter path generation is presented. The method of generating cutter path with constant scallop height is presented for the first time.

本文以提高复杂曲面多坐标数控加工精度和加工效率为目的，在对国内外研究现状进行深入分析的基础上，对数控编程中各环节的关键技术问题进行了深入研究，主要内容包括以下几方面： 1 分析了复杂曲面各种造型方法的优缺点，给出了根据各种边界条件所确定自由曲面的NURBS表示方法以及三次NURBS曲线曲面反算算法；用微分几何理论推导了NURBS曲面的偏导矢及法曲率计算表达式；对曲面不同曲率特性区域的几何特征进行了深入分析，为建立复杂曲面的数控加工刀位计算模型奠定了理论基础。

Therefore, on the foundation of abroad research, this text describes the first and second order of crack turning theory, the influence of plasticity zone of crack tip and fracture resistance orthotropy of material to crack propagating trajectory.

因此，本文在国外文献的基础上，对裂纹转折的一阶和二阶理论以及材料裂纹尖端塑性区和断裂韧性各向异性对裂纹扩展路径的影响进行了描述。

This thesis is divided into four parts: First , introduction, this part introducesmeaning of the selected title , purpose emphatically and studies the current situation athome;The not totally understanding of second , Wiki, this part puts history aboutWiki, relevant idea and technology in order emphatically, define the resemblancebetween Wiki and some other kinds of Internet technology is and different;Third, theWiki one has already used and faced querying , explain the application of Wiki andobstruction met in the course of domestic development emphatically in this part;Fourth, think to the pluralism of domestic Wiki development , this part is used againstconcepts , such as copyright , fictitious community , network morals , spreading tocheck on people ,etc. and theory, proceeding from plural visual angle, thedevelopment taking one as domestic Wiki puts forward the view through a peep-hole.

本论文分为四部分：一、绪论，此部分着重介绍选题意义、目的与国内研究现状；二、Wiki的不完全解读，此部分着重理清有关Wiki的历史，相关理念及技术，明确Wiki与其他几种互联网技术的相似与不同；三、Wiki的已有应用与面临质疑，此部分着重阐述Wiki的应用领域及在国内发展过程中遇到的阻力；四、对国内Wiki发展的多元思考，此部分借用反版权、虚拟社区、网络道德、传播把关人等概念与理论，从多元视角出发，以期为国内Wiki的发展提出一孔之见。

In addition to observation and supervised practica, observation assignments are integrated into coursework in order to ensure a balanced combination of theory and practice starting from the very first module.

除了观察和监督的实习课，观察转让都纳入课程，以确保理论与实践，从一开始的第一个模块平衡的组合。

First, in order to verify the correct of this retrieval month, by using the data of three-dimensional wind field, raininess field and temperature field that are output by MM5 numerical simulation, we climate the radial velocity field and echo intention field in the in-phase observation area of Dual-Doppler radar, then, on the base of the upwards retrieval theory and using the radial velocity field and echo intention field in the in-phase observation area of Dual-Doppler radar, we retrieve the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field.

首先，为检验此种反演方法的可靠性，我们使用MM5数值模式输出的三维风场、雨强场、温度场等数据，分别模拟生成两部雷达同步观测区的径向速度场和回波强度场，然后根据以上的反演理论利用模拟的双多普勒天气雷达观测到的径向速度场和回波强度场反演出大气三维风场。

In order to study this question, author have done the following four things: first, have tested more than forty times in WUHAN—the typical region which hot in summer and cold in winter, second, use Ventilation Simulation software to do some simulation test; third, investigate some residenter's subjective recept over their house; fourth, reading some paper. Through studying ventilation, sunlight, periphery component, I have thorough discussed some house design theory compatible to this special climate.

为了这个目的，作者在武汉——典型的夏热冬冷地区进行了冬季与夏季大量实测实验、通风模拟软件PHOENICS的模拟试验、广泛的居民就住宅主观感受问卷调查，以及众多的文献阅读，从住宅的通风、日照、外围护构件等方面着手，深入研究了该地区住宅适应气候的设计方法，努力寻求一种最适合夏热冬冷地区住宅的气候适应方式。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。