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Through the research on the fire burning in an atrium used as accoutrement mall, it is found that the impact of venting rate, make-up air inlets" positions and make-up air flux on a fire growth is comparatively great. At one time it is indicated that in the beginning phase a fire in an accoutrement mall is "linear and undulate" fire in terms of gravity ventilation. Whereas, it is "fire in terms of mechanical ventilation.

本文对用作服装商场的中庭建筑的火源燃烧特性进行了研究，发现排烟量、进风口位置及进风量大小等都对火源的发展有较大的影响；同时，实验分析还表明：自然排烟条件下，服装商场火源在起始阶段为"线性脉动"火源；而在机械排烟条件下，服装商场火源在起始阶段则为""火源。

This system can be surveyed in early days to the fire and autoalarm, can output and link the signal of putting out a fire in time according to the position of condition of a fire , start corresponding fire controls facility, put out a fire .

该系统既能对火灾发生进行早期探测和自动报警，又能根据火情位置及时输出联动灭火信号，启动相应的消防设施，进行灭火。

The fire fight system of this design be hadanyplace and all by the fire bolt the system to constitute, and the fire bolt the system to guarantee the indoors three water pillars arrive at the same time, and the fire bolt the system to be pumped by water the ～ water tank to unite to supply water, fire fight tube adoption steel pipe.the hot water system, its tube of building the the adoption the steel pipes.

消防系统由消火栓系统组成，消火栓系统保证室内任何地方都有三股水柱同时到达，消火栓系统由水泵～水箱联合供水，消防管采用钢管。本设计还包括建筑热水系统，其管材采用不锈钢管。

The article incorporates Huygens' principle with existing fire behavior models of surface fire spread, crown fire spread, fire acceleration, builds forest fire simulation models which fit to Anning's terrain, and develops related dynamic modules for Yunnan Province. The experiment explores the spread of forest fires based on the Yunnan's special topography simulation.

利用惠更斯原理进行林火蔓延模拟，结合国际上成熟的林火行为模型（Rothermel的地表火模型，Van Wagner的树冠火蔓延模型，McAlpine的林火加速模型），建立适合云南省特殊地形的林火蔓延动态模型，并开发相应的动态模拟模块，在云南特殊地形地貌上的林火蔓延模拟做出一定探索。

According to the most unfavorable fire scenario for safety evaeuation, the AEST can be obtained through the spread of fire and smoke spread simulation. And the REST of different staff loads are calculated by empirical formula method. Through contrasting two times, whether evacuation passage setting can meet the evacuation requirements is confirmed, and then solutions are proposed. Then highway tunnel fire cause is discussed by Fault Tree Analysis method, and the effective measures to reduce the probability of tunnel fire are reducing the number of flammable materials and using fire-retardant or noncombustible materials for inner decoration are obtained.

以厦门金山寨隧道为例分析火灾时人员的安全疏散，针对隧道内最不利人员安全疏散的火灾场景进行分析，通过对火灾蔓延、烟气扩散进行模拟获得可用的人员安全疏散时间AEST，并用经验公式法计算不同的人员荷载下必需的人员安全疏散时间REST，对比两个时间，判别当前疏散通道的设置是否满足人员疏散要求，并对不满足安全疏散要求的工况提出解决方案。

Later during 13:30 to 14:00, emergency team members delivered training to all staff on plant fire-fighting equipment mainly on using instructions to fire extinguisher, fire hydrant and safety belt. In the meantime, all staff was organized to view the distribution and function of fire-fighting equipment in the plant (such as fire hose, safety alarm, burnable gas alarm tester, foam pourer system and pump alley).

13：30-14：00应急领导小组对员工进行了工厂消防设施的相关培训，主要演示了灭火器、消防栓、安全带的使用方法，同时组织全厂员工到现场了解公司消防设施的分布及功能（如消防箱、报警器、可燃气体报警仪、泡沫喷淋系统、消防泵房等设施）。

The four models were analyzed and normalized. We studied the procedure and method of building forest fire model base. Model base was build by object-oriented method based on category of model. Forest fire spreading models algorithm were implemented. We designed model dictionary base, model file base, and model knowledge base. Model base administration and maintenance functions were developed and implemented model file management, parameter management and knowledge management. The problems of interface between of model base and database were solved by means of model data control files. Model base ensured the availability of supporting for forest fire model suitability selection technology and forest fire model self-adapting updating technology.(3) Based on BP artificial neural network, we designed a frame construction of forest fire model selection of suitability. Forest fire model selection knowledge was produced through BP artificial neural network.

2建立了林火模型库建设的林火蔓延模型评价标准，根据模型评价标准和试验区实际情况，在42个林火蔓延模型中选择了目前最具有影响力和最具有典型代表性的Rothermel模型、王正非模型、加拿大模型和澳大利亚模型进行了解析和归一化处理；对林火模型库的建库过程和方法进行了研究，在林火模型分类基础上，采用面向对象的模型库表示方法建立了林火模型库；实现了林火蔓延模型算法，设计了模型字典库、模型文件库和模型知识库；开发了模型库管理与维护功能，实现了模型的文件管理、参数管理和知识管理；通过模型数据管理文件解决了模型库与数据库之间接口问题；实现了林火模型库对林火模型适宜性选择和林火模型自适应修正技术的有效支持。

Our "ZheAn" branded products include indoor hydrants, post hydrants, fire pump connectors, dry powder fire extinguishers, CO2fire extinguishers, fixed CO2fire systems, HFC-227 ea fire extinguishing system, aqueous film fire extinguishers, foam extinguishers, steel and wooden fire-resistant doors and roller shutters, squirt guns, couplings, fire alarms, buttons, hoses, hose reels, hydrant boxes, spray headers, wet alarming systems, and so forth.

我厂生产的注册&浙安&牌消防产品系列有室内消火栓、地上式消火栓、消防水泵接合器、干粉、CO2、CO2 固定系统、七氟丙烷灭火系统、水成膜灭火器、泡沫灭火器、钢制和木质防火门防火卷帘、水枪、接扣、消防警铃、按钮、水带、消防软管卷盘、消防栓箱、灭火器箱、喷淋头及湿式报警系统产品，产品均以品质优良、外观光洁、新颖、质量可靠和价格合理而赢得社会各界人士的认可和支持。

Dynamic smoke aerosol of five European standard test fire,including open wood fire(TF1),smoldering cotton fire(TF3),polyurethane fire(TF4),N-heptan fire(TF5),and methylated spirits fire(TF6),was measured by Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer,and smoke particle size distribution and particle number concentration were recorded and analyzed for studying the smoke dynamic coagultion effect.

结果表明，在火灾探测器做出响应之前，正庚烷明火的烟颗粒粒径主要分布在100~500 nm，木材和聚氨酯明火及棉绳阴燃的是50~400 nm。

Dynamic smoke aerosol of five European standard test fire,including open wood fire(TF1),smoldering cotton fire(TF3),polyurethane fire(TF4),N-heptan fire(TF5),and methylated spirits fire(TF6),was measured by Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer,and smoke particle size distribution and particle number concentration were recorded and analyzed for studying the smoke dynamic coagultion effect.

采用扫描电子迁移粒径谱仪，对木材明火、棉绳阴燃、聚氨酯明火、正庚烷明火和工业酒精明火中产生的烟雾气溶胶进行在线测量，记录并分析随时间变化的烟颗粒浓度变化和粒径谱分布信息。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。