查询词典 financial year

Because traditional finance subject utmostly canonize the rational selected mode and methodology which keep the form of the financial interest need of the enterprise and its stockholders and the network of their financial relationship out of its analytic area, so liking the mainstream economics, traditional finance subject can not offer trustworthy explains to many financial affairs and can not prescribe the right policy prescription to the important financial problems, either. As a result of the logistic and realistic errors in the traditional mode, it will have an important and practical meaning to bring the new system principle into the analytic area of the financial subject and to develop the financial theory. The main points of this dissertation are as follows: The financial affairs of an enterprise are not the inner actions of the individual firm, but the function of the financial network of stockholders, so we should use the limit of the affairs not the inner property or inner driving force to interpret the financial affairs of an enterprise, we should use the method of circuital analysis not of individual analysis to investigate the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial affairs of an enterprise is a social behavior, it is involved in the social structure and is restricted by the social structure, so we should care for the social characters, social responsibilities and social effects of the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial network of stockholders is composed of five phases as follows: the finance of external stockholders, the finance of the operator, the finance of function, the finance of subsection and the finance of the stuff, in which the finance of the operator is dominant; The operational intensity and efficiency of the financial network of stockholders are influenced by technical factor as well as institutional factor, in which institutional factor is the fundamental character of financial affairs. Ultimately the substance of the financial affairs is the arrangement and operation for the financial system by stockholders; The relationship between enterprise and its stockholders is cooperative and conflicting. The important mechanism to solve the financial conflict between stockholders is the construction of the financial system, including the formal and informal system construction. Information and faith are the important mechanism to coordinate the financial conflict between stockholders, so we should pay much attention to the research of formal and informal system.

本文的主要观点是：企业财务行为不是企业个体内部的行为，而是利益相关者财务网络行为，因此应当用对行为的结构限制而不是企业个体的内在属性或内在驱力来解释企业的财务行为，用网络分析的方法而不是个体分析的方法研究企业财务行为；企业财务行为是一种社会行为，它嵌入于社会结构之中，受企业财务所处的社会结构的限定，因此应当关注企业财务行为的社会性质、社会责任和社会后果；利益相关者财务网络内含外部利益相关者财务、经营者财务、职能财务、分部财务和员工财务五个层次，其中经营者财务在其中占据主导地位；利益相关者财务网络的运作强度与运作效率既受技术性因素的影响，又受制度性因素的影响，其中制度性是财务的根本属性，企业财务的实质说到底还是面向利益相关者的一种财务制度性的安排与运作；企业与利益相关者之间以及利益相关者相互之间的财务关系具有合作性与冲突性，化解利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制是财务性的制度建设，包括正式制度建设与非正式制度建设，信息和信任是协调利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制，因此应当高度关注财务的正式和非正式制度的研究。

The advent of the era of knowledge economy widened the space for the development of financial management and scope of change in the financial management methods and content, will the concept of financial management, financial management objectives, financial management, financial management and financial reporting model as far-reaching influence, we must creat financial management concepts, goals, methods, content and financial reporting model ,make the enterprise financial management goals evolute to a higher level,convert the original pursuing their own interests and objectives to maximize wealth of knowledge to maximize the financial management Target.

知识经济时代的来临拓宽了财务管理发展的空间和范围，改变了财务管理方式与内容，将对财务管理观念、财务管理目标、财务管理方式、财务管理内容和财务报告模式产生深远地影响，必须对企业财务管理观念、目标、方式、内容以及财务报告模式进行创新，促使企业财务管理的目标向高层次演化，把原有追求企业自身利益和财富最大化的目标将转向知识最大化的财务管理目标。

Nest,according to the economical and financial influence of the crisis,connecting the situation of our natioal economical system,and following other countries' resolution to the financial,there came out five measures to idealise our financial system:first,to arrange the macroscopical financial adjust and control means;secondly,to lead the financial orgniation to the right choices;thirdly,to strenghten the financial supervise system;forthly,to build the stable financial marcket system;fifthly,to create an safe financial environment,to offset the frail part of the financial system,and respond actively to the threat of the American loan crisis.

然后根据次贷危机对经济及金融体系的影响、结合我国金融体系的现状、借鉴他国对金融体系的改革措施，得出了完善我国金融体系的五方面对策：第一，整合宏观金融调控手段；第二，引导金融机构对金融创新的正确选择；第三，健全金融监管体系；第四，建立稳定的金融市场体系；第五，营造安全的金融环境，以此为金融体系的脆弱部分添砖补瓦，积极应对美国次贷危机的威胁。关键词：美国次贷危机，金融体系，金融改革，经济发展

This paper first in introduction in have analysed commercial bank financial risk the necessariness of avoiding , then the meaning for commercial bank financial risk have made simple expound , and have discussed commercial bank financial risk the importance that avoided , then, have enumerated the 4 expression types of commercial bank financial risk, the 3th in paper is partial to have analysed the external reason and internal reason that produces financial risk , avoids idea and establishment finally since cultivating commercial bank financial risk to improve suitable accounting management system , found financial risk the supervisor guarantee that avoided systematic, perfect risk disclosure and report system and raising the 5 aspects such as the quality of bank people have discussed commercial bank financial risk emphatically avoid strategy.

本文首先在绪论中分析了商业银行财务风险规避的必要性，接着对商业银行财务风险的含义作了简单的阐明，并论述了商业银行财务风险规避的重要性，然后列举了商业银行财务风险的四个表现类型，在论文的第三部份分析了产生财务风险的外部原因与内部原因，最后从培育商业银行财务风险规避观念、建立健全适宜的会计管理体制、构建财务风险规避的监督保障系统、完善风险披露和报告制度及提高银行人员的素质等五个方面着重论述了商业银行财务风险的规避策略。

Therefore, research on the relationship between the financial derivatives instruments innovation and financial tax system not only help to enhance our competitiveness in the financial services sector and respond to impact on the financial system by financial instruments rapid innovation , but also establish conductively china's financial system which is not contrary to international practice and can progress forward-looking orientation studies to financial tax system of future financial instrument.

因此，对金融工具的创新与金融税制之间的关系进行研究，不仅有利于增强我国金融业的竞争力，应对金融工具的日新月异所带来的对金融税制的冲击，也有利于我国金融税制的建立和健全是朝着既不违背国际惯例，又可以对未来金融工具的税收制度进行前瞻性研究的方向前进。

With World economy getting into the tendency of accelerating structure-rebuilding attar it coming into the age of economy- in network, the government should adapt to the requirement of finance reform ane development. Catch the opportunity that financial information construction becoming the most important financial Work step by step, build financial information netword as soon, impulse the combination of modern financial information technology and modernmenagemant methods.build a new modern financial management andcontrol model-fmance-in-netword. build a frame of public finance, optimize the sequence of rinance distribution, improve the quality of financial word, make financial word more public.

面对世界经济进入网络经济时代后加速结构重组的大趋势，我国应顺应财政改革与发展的要求，抓住财政信息化建设逐步介入财政核心业务的契机，尽快构建上下贯通的财政信息网络，推动现代信息技术与现代管理手段的联姻，形成现代财政管理与调控的新模式——网络财政，以加速建立公共财政框架，优化财政分配秩序，改善财政运行质量，提高财政政务的透明度。

This paper quantitates financial risk by constituting the model of measurement financial risk. And the samples are from the public companies'merger and acquisition from 2002 to 2005, this paper demonstrates perfectly the influence of financial risk of acquisition companies from different payment methods. The result of test analysis shows: in one side, the theory of risk-return is unfit in China (by being educed conclusions by other students: different payment methods bring different return, then the author detrusions different payment methods bringing different financial risk, and being tested direct proportion each other); in the other side, this paper answers different payment methods bringing different degree financial risk of acquisition companies: the smallest financial risk from cash payment method, the mean from commingle payment method, the biggest from stock payment method, which can supply reference in the choice of rational companies between payment methods and financial risk .

通过建立企业财务风险度量模型，将企业财务风险量化，并以中国上市公司2002年—2005年间的并购案中所采用的支付方式为样本，对我国上市公司并购中不同支付方式对并购方财务风险的影响做一个较系统、完善的实证检验，一方面从理论上验证了风险-收益理论的在我国的不具有适用性（通过对前人研究结论：不同支付方式带来不同收益，进而反推不同支付方式带来不同的财务风险，验证得出二者成正比关系）；另一方面回答在我国目前市场条件下并购中的不同支付方式引起收购公司不同程度的财务风险，其中现金支付方式下给收购公司带来的财务风险最小；混合支付次之，股票支付方式下财务风险最大，能给企业在并购时选择支付方式与财务风险的最佳组合提供参考。

Due to the impacts of bad fiduciary loan and financial reformation happened in Taiwan for the past few years, The financial development in recent years is not benefiting the economic in Taiwan; In china, as a result of increasing in financial needs, financial market opening and etc, the financial development is consider as one of the main factors for economical growth; As the international trading getting more complex, the financial demand will be increased as well, Therefore, the export trading and financial changes for both countries are positively affecting each other, but the effects for Taiwan are only short term and for China, the effects will be long term.

由实证结果可知现阶段台湾与中国大陆出口扩张政策是带动经济成长的良药，台湾因为前几年双卡风暴及金融改革制度的影响，近年金融发展无法有利於台湾经济；大陆因国内金融需求庞大、金融市场开放等原因，金融发展也是经济成长的要素之一；当一国的国际贸易进行越来越繁复，对金融需求也就越来越大，所以，两岸出口贸易和金融深化的关系皆是正向影响，但台湾则是短期显著影响、大陆是长期显著影响。

Specially, the author hopes to find whether the financial system development promotes the provincial per capita, the accumulation of provincial savings, the formation of provincial capital, the advancing of productivity, the bettering of industrial structure and the shaping of firms. Finally, according to the result of the empirical study, the author brings forward the Contradiction of Chinese Financial System Development during transition period. To explain the Contradiction, the author puts forward a hypothesis: time consistency and institution coupling of the optimal system arrangements. Within the hypothesis framework, the author analyses and explains the contradiction's essential, and seeks the reason of Chinese financial system development's path formation during transition period. After judging the efficiency of Chinese financial system development prudentially, the author gives his advices on how to drive Chinese financial system to the"Growth-Enhancing Financial System Development"path. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. It consists of as follows: Part I includes foreword and Chapter One"the review of financial development theory and literature". In foreword, the author expounds the fundamental definition and basic theory. In Chapter One, the author first analyses the"finance-growth"nexus in theory, and which constitutes the foundation of the concrete mechanism of finance affecting growth.

首先对金融发展与经济增长的关系在理论上进行了梳理，指出金融发展能够促进经济增长，金融是现代经济增长的"第一推动力"；其次将这种理论关系分解，借助当前本领域的最新研究方法和工具从宏观和微观层面验证转轨时期中国各地区金融发展与经济增长传导机制的效果，即金融体系的发展是否有效地促进了各地区人均产值的增加、储蓄的积累、资本的形成、生产力的提高、产业结构的调整以及企业的成长；最后在实证检验的基础上提出"中国金融发展悖论"，并在"最优制度安排的动态一致性与制度耦合"假说的框架内来分析中国金融发展悖论的真实内涵以及中国金融发展路径形成的原因，审慎评价转轨时期中国金融体系的发展效率，初步探讨了中国金融体系走向"推动经济增长"金融发展道路，指出实现金融对现代经济的"第一推动力"作用所应努力的方向。

During the process of the detailed argument, the author of this paper, by giving over the current situation of the financial investment system of higher education and its evolution, draws the conclusion that the seriously insufficient investment from the governmental finance and the unformed pluralism of the financial investment system of higher education are the main problems of the financial investment system of higher education in our country. Through the deep analysis of the current situation of the financial investment system of higher education in our country and the problems of it, this paper draws the conclusion that it is the imperfection of the laws for the financial investment system of higher education and the misposition of the educational management by governments that cause these problems. Based on the experiences of the western developed countries such as the USA and Japan in the financial investment system of higher education, this paper puts forward the strategy to improve it, with its focus on perfecting the laws for the financial investment system of higher education and the carrying out of the pluralism of the investment system of higher education.

在具体论述过程中，通过对高等教育财政投资体制的现状及演变过程的回顾，从而得出政府财政投入严重不足与高等教育财政多元化投资体制的内外环境尚不成熟，是我国高等教育财政投资体制的现实背景与存在的主要问题的研究结论；通过对我国高等教育财政投资体制现状与问题的深入分析，从而得出高等教育财政投入法律制度的不完善与政府教育管理职能的错位，是导致存在各种问题的主要原因的研究结论；在借鉴美国、日本等西方发达国家高等教育财政投资体制经验的基础上，提出了完善教育产业属性下高等教育财政投资体制的对策，并将论述的重点定位于完善高等教育财政投资的法律体系与实现高等教育投资体制的多元化。

"Please accept this talisman as a token of our thanks."

请收下这个护身符以表达我们的感谢。

If I have that magic, I will be more acceptable in the society.

如果我拥有那种魔法，我将更加被这个社会所容纳。