查询词典 financial institution

On the basis of formal chapters' analysis, learning from foreign countries' successful experience in circular economy's legislation, considering our own legislation practice in developing circular economy, the main framework of our country's circular economy's legal institutions' construction is put forward as follows, the guidance thought of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction is the concept of scientific development and the thought of sustainable development; the 3R principle, the principle of following the ecological rules, the principle of giving priority to precautions, the principle of the contaminator paying are the basic principles of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction; the field of the natural resources' exploitation and utilization, the field of manufacturing industry and service trades, the field of disposing waste and changing waste into resources, the field of the exploiting and utilizing energy, and the field of social consumption are the key fields of the circular economy's legal institution's construction; the circular economy's legal system is constructed from four levels, the basic laws, the principle laws, the comprehensive laws and the special laws; The following circular economy's legal institutions are made, the institution of circular economy's planning, the institution of green economy's accounting, the institution of scientific and technological information's titles, the institution of economic encouragement, the institution of market allowance, the institution of listing the names' who set good example in developing circular economy, the institution of forcing those enterprises with heavy pollution into developing circular economy, the institution of green consumption, the institution of the public's participation, the institution of sharing the responsibility, and the institution of evaluating the circular economy's results.

该部分以前面几章分析的循环经济立法理念为基础，借鉴国外循环经济立法的成功经验，结合我国的循环经济立法实际，提出了我国循环经济法制建设的基本框架是：以科学发展观和可持续发展思想为循环经济法制建设的指导思想；以"3R"原则、遵循生态规律原则、预防优先原则和污染者付费原则为循环经济法制建设的基本原则；以自然资源开发利用领域、加工制造产业与服务产业领域、废弃物处理与资源化领域、能源开发利用领域和社会消费领域为循环经济法制建设的重点领域；从根本法层面、基本法层面、综合法层面和专门法层面来构建循环经济法律体系；构建包括循环经济规划制度、绿色经济核算制度、科技信息支持制度、经济激励制度、市场准入制度、循环名录与循环示范制度、重点污染企业强制实施循环经济制度、绿色消费制度、公众参与制度、责任分担制度和循环经济绩效评价制度在内的循环经济法律制度。

Because traditional finance subject utmostly canonize the rational selected mode and methodology which keep the form of the financial interest need of the enterprise and its stockholders and the network of their financial relationship out of its analytic area, so liking the mainstream economics, traditional finance subject can not offer trustworthy explains to many financial affairs and can not prescribe the right policy prescription to the important financial problems, either. As a result of the logistic and realistic errors in the traditional mode, it will have an important and practical meaning to bring the new system principle into the analytic area of the financial subject and to develop the financial theory. The main points of this dissertation are as follows: The financial affairs of an enterprise are not the inner actions of the individual firm, but the function of the financial network of stockholders, so we should use the limit of the affairs not the inner property or inner driving force to interpret the financial affairs of an enterprise, we should use the method of circuital analysis not of individual analysis to investigate the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial affairs of an enterprise is a social behavior, it is involved in the social structure and is restricted by the social structure, so we should care for the social characters, social responsibilities and social effects of the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial network of stockholders is composed of five phases as follows: the finance of external stockholders, the finance of the operator, the finance of function, the finance of subsection and the finance of the stuff, in which the finance of the operator is dominant; The operational intensity and efficiency of the financial network of stockholders are influenced by technical factor as well as institutional factor, in which institutional factor is the fundamental character of financial affairs. Ultimately the substance of the financial affairs is the arrangement and operation for the financial system by stockholders; The relationship between enterprise and its stockholders is cooperative and conflicting. The important mechanism to solve the financial conflict between stockholders is the construction of the financial system, including the formal and informal system construction. Information and faith are the important mechanism to coordinate the financial conflict between stockholders, so we should pay much attention to the research of formal and informal system.

本文的主要观点是：企业财务行为不是企业个体内部的行为，而是利益相关者财务网络行为，因此应当用对行为的结构限制而不是企业个体的内在属性或内在驱力来解释企业的财务行为，用网络分析的方法而不是个体分析的方法研究企业财务行为；企业财务行为是一种社会行为，它嵌入于社会结构之中，受企业财务所处的社会结构的限定，因此应当关注企业财务行为的社会性质、社会责任和社会后果；利益相关者财务网络内含外部利益相关者财务、经营者财务、职能财务、分部财务和员工财务五个层次，其中经营者财务在其中占据主导地位；利益相关者财务网络的运作强度与运作效率既受技术性因素的影响，又受制度性因素的影响，其中制度性是财务的根本属性，企业财务的实质说到底还是面向利益相关者的一种财务制度性的安排与运作；企业与利益相关者之间以及利益相关者相互之间的财务关系具有合作性与冲突性，化解利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制是财务性的制度建设，包括正式制度建设与非正式制度建设，信息和信任是协调利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制，因此应当高度关注财务的正式和非正式制度的研究。

In this paper, the relation between institution and urbanization is researched on the dimension of new institution economy: In the research of urbanization process, institution connotation, institution flux, institution function and classification are involved in, and then the mechanism how institution influences urbanization process and the flux and the institution system of urbanization process are put forward.

为此，本文从新制度经济学的维度，对制度和城市化的关系进行了研究，将制度的内涵、制度的变迁、制度的功能和制度的分类等制度理论引入城市化进程研究之中，提出了制度影响城市化进程的机制，城市化进程中制度的变迁、城市化进程中的制度体系等。

The advent of the era of knowledge economy widened the space for the development of financial management and scope of change in the financial management methods and content, will the concept of financial management, financial management objectives, financial management, financial management and financial reporting model as far-reaching influence, we must creat financial management concepts, goals, methods, content and financial reporting model ,make the enterprise financial management goals evolute to a higher level,convert the original pursuing their own interests and objectives to maximize wealth of knowledge to maximize the financial management Target.

知识经济时代的来临拓宽了财务管理发展的空间和范围，改变了财务管理方式与内容，将对财务管理观念、财务管理目标、财务管理方式、财务管理内容和财务报告模式产生深远地影响，必须对企业财务管理观念、目标、方式、内容以及财务报告模式进行创新，促使企业财务管理的目标向高层次演化，把原有追求企业自身利益和财富最大化的目标将转向知识最大化的财务管理目标。

Nest,according to the economical and financial influence of the crisis,connecting the situation of our natioal economical system,and following other countries' resolution to the financial,there came out five measures to idealise our financial system:first,to arrange the macroscopical financial adjust and control means;secondly,to lead the financial orgniation to the right choices;thirdly,to strenghten the financial supervise system;forthly,to build the stable financial marcket system;fifthly,to create an safe financial environment,to offset the frail part of the financial system,and respond actively to the threat of the American loan crisis.

然后根据次贷危机对经济及金融体系的影响、结合我国金融体系的现状、借鉴他国对金融体系的改革措施，得出了完善我国金融体系的五方面对策：第一，整合宏观金融调控手段；第二，引导金融机构对金融创新的正确选择；第三，健全金融监管体系；第四，建立稳定的金融市场体系；第五，营造安全的金融环境，以此为金融体系的脆弱部分添砖补瓦，积极应对美国次贷危机的威胁。关键词：美国次贷危机，金融体系，金融改革，经济发展

Specially, the author hopes to find whether the financial system development promotes the provincial per capita, the accumulation of provincial savings, the formation of provincial capital, the advancing of productivity, the bettering of industrial structure and the shaping of firms. Finally, according to the result of the empirical study, the author brings forward the Contradiction of Chinese Financial System Development during transition period. To explain the Contradiction, the author puts forward a hypothesis: time consistency and institution coupling of the optimal system arrangements. Within the hypothesis framework, the author analyses and explains the contradiction's essential, and seeks the reason of Chinese financial system development's path formation during transition period. After judging the efficiency of Chinese financial system development prudentially, the author gives his advices on how to drive Chinese financial system to the"Growth-Enhancing Financial System Development"path. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. It consists of as follows: Part I includes foreword and Chapter One"the review of financial development theory and literature". In foreword, the author expounds the fundamental definition and basic theory. In Chapter One, the author first analyses the"finance-growth"nexus in theory, and which constitutes the foundation of the concrete mechanism of finance affecting growth.

首先对金融发展与经济增长的关系在理论上进行了梳理，指出金融发展能够促进经济增长，金融是现代经济增长的"第一推动力"；其次将这种理论关系分解，借助当前本领域的最新研究方法和工具从宏观和微观层面验证转轨时期中国各地区金融发展与经济增长传导机制的效果，即金融体系的发展是否有效地促进了各地区人均产值的增加、储蓄的积累、资本的形成、生产力的提高、产业结构的调整以及企业的成长；最后在实证检验的基础上提出"中国金融发展悖论"，并在"最优制度安排的动态一致性与制度耦合"假说的框架内来分析中国金融发展悖论的真实内涵以及中国金融发展路径形成的原因，审慎评价转轨时期中国金融体系的发展效率，初步探讨了中国金融体系走向"推动经济增长"金融发展道路，指出实现金融对现代经济的"第一推动力"作用所应努力的方向。

In the first part of this paper, we concentrate on the categories and character of operational risk, discuss the important affect on financial institution. The present situation of operational risk management in Chinese financial institution is also briefly introduced. In the second part of this paper, the strategy, organization structure and management process of operational risk management is discussed, and some main methodology and system of the internal control of operational risk management in international financial institution are listed here.

本文第一部分简要地介绍了操作风险的分类和基本特征，并分析了操作风险对金融机构的重要影响和我国金融机构操作风险管理现状；第二部分着重讨论操作风险管理的战略，操作风险管理的组织结构、管理流程，以及操作风险管理的内部控制过程，并列举了一些国际上通常的内部控制手段和制度。

The "trinitarian" framework of financial appropriation institution provides a reference for analyzing financial appropriation institution of higher education in different countries and regions, as well as for the reform and improvement of financial appropriation institution of higher education in China.

这个"三位一体"的制度构架为分析各个国家和地区的高等教育财政拨款制度，可为改革和完善我国的高等教育财政拨款制度提供一个参照。

The "trinitarian" framework of financial appropriation institution provides a reference for analyzing financial appropriation institution of higher education in different countries and regions, as well as for the reform and improvement of financial appropriation institution of higher education in China.

这个&三位一体&的制度构架为分析各个国家和地区的高等教育财政拨款制度，可为改革和完善我国的高等教育财政拨款制度提供一个参照。

This paper first in introduction in have analysed commercial bank financial risk the necessariness of avoiding , then the meaning for commercial bank financial risk have made simple expound , and have discussed commercial bank financial risk the importance that avoided , then, have enumerated the 4 expression types of commercial bank financial risk, the 3th in paper is partial to have analysed the external reason and internal reason that produces financial risk , avoids idea and establishment finally since cultivating commercial bank financial risk to improve suitable accounting management system , found financial risk the supervisor guarantee that avoided systematic, perfect risk disclosure and report system and raising the 5 aspects such as the quality of bank people have discussed commercial bank financial risk emphatically avoid strategy.

本文首先在绪论中分析了商业银行财务风险规避的必要性，接着对商业银行财务风险的含义作了简单的阐明，并论述了商业银行财务风险规避的重要性，然后列举了商业银行财务风险的四个表现类型，在论文的第三部份分析了产生财务风险的外部原因与内部原因，最后从培育商业银行财务风险规避观念、建立健全适宜的会计管理体制、构建财务风险规避的监督保障系统、完善风险披露和报告制度及提高银行人员的素质等五个方面着重论述了商业银行财务风险的规避策略。

Methods Clinical data of 3 cases of bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy were analyzed retrospectively.

回顾总结3例LC术中胆管损伤的临床资料，分析3例胆管损伤的原因及对策。

These techniques are applied to the gobang.

本文将这些技术用于五子棋中。