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Now the controllability theory in linear systems over the field R of real numbers has been heavily studied. This theory is efficacious for analyzing the characters which are determined by the value of physical parameters and system structure, nevertheless a practical system has a definite structure and has approximate, even unknown parameter sometimes because of a limit to experiment conditions, or a limit to making technology, the errors of observation. It is inconvenience for a linear system over the field R of real numbers to analyze the structure characters of a physical system, such as structural controllability.

目前，实数域上的系统的完全能控性理论研究已经很成熟了，它用于分析系统结构和物理参量的值共同决定的那些性能是有效的，然而，在工程中，由于实验条件或者制造工艺上的限制和观测上的误差，以及人为地对数据的近似处理，一个实际系统往往其结构是确定的，而参数只是近似的甚至未知的，实数域上的系统不便于分析物理系统的结构性质，如结构能控性。

In this paper,the development of non-linear analysis approach,a more detailed presentation of the finite element software ADINA and ANSYS in the reinforced concrete structure,step by step analysis of a reinforced concrete structure of the finite element analysis techniques and the use of commercial finite element analysis software for concrete the structure of the two most important components-beams and columns of the comparative study of performance analysis.

本文从非线性分析的发展入手，较为详尽的介绍了有限元软件ADINA和ANSYS在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用，逐步分析了钢筋混凝土结构的有限元分析技术，并且利用商业有限元分析软件对混凝土结构中最重要的两类构件——梁和柱的性能进行了对比研究分析。

In the end, there is a brief conclusion . The conclusion of this passage mainly includes: The listed companies have obvious preference for stock right financing, and the financing order is stock right financing, the short-term debt, endogenous financing, the long-term debt, which differs from that of western countries; Financing structure is characterized by comparatively lower asset-liability rate, higher floating debt and lower long-term debt; The governance structure is irrational, and the shareholders" meeting perform practically no function. In the meanwhile, board of director structure is unreasonable, which is highly coincident with the manager layer. Board of supervisors" independent character is poor, while manager layer is lacking in restraints and supervision; The interdynamic

本文的结论：上市公司有明显的股权融资偏好，融资顺序为股权融资、短期负债、内源融资、长期负债，这与西方国家上市公司的融资顺序不同；融资结构具有资产负债率相对较低，流动负债偏高、长期负债偏低的特征；治理结构不合理，股东大会形同虚设、董事会结构不合理、董事会与经理层高度重合、监事会独立性不强、经理层缺乏约束与监督；治理结构与融资策略选择的互动关系不强；独立董事比例与资产负债率正相关，工业、公用事业与资产负债率负相关，商业与流动负债率正相关，第一大股东持股比例与流动负债率负相关，第一大股东持股比例与长期负债率正相关，执行董事比例、工业、商业与长期负债率负相关。

In accordance with the foreign carrier aircraft of similar size and weight of the structure of the standard conditions to compare the situation of J -10, the estimated result is improved for carrier-based aircraft F -10 bound to a significant increase in structural weight, if it is flying by leaping jump slide deck and conventional way of blocking the landing, the F-10B of the carrier improved in structure to increase the weight of about 500 ~ 550 kg, if the front wheel traction with catapult catapult take-off, front landing gear strength and the increase in traction structure also further increased from 100 to 150 kg weight.

按照国外类似规格的舰载机的结构条件和重量标准来对比歼-10的情况，估算的结果是歼-10改进为舰载机必然要大幅度增加结构重量，如果是采用跃升甲板滑跃起飞和常规拦阻着陆的方式，歼-10B 的舰载改进型在结构重量上大约要增加500~550千克，如果采用弹射器利用前轮牵引弹射的起飞方式，前起落架强度提高和增加牵引结构还要再增加100~150千克重量。

Thus the data of the earth spheroidal and toroidal free oscillation can be used to explore the 3-dimensional structure(density structure ,velocity structure) or anisotropy of the earth and help to disclose the convection mode in the whole mantle or in the upper mantle.

因此地球自由振荡信息可用于揭示地球的三维不均匀结构信息或各向异性信息，并可能对区分地幔对流模式有所帮助。

Based on a new modified Wallace multiplier structure, named bi-forked Wallace multiplier structure, this paper presents the design of a highly re-configurable Multiplier for VLIW multimedia-processor. We found a reusable design method to extend multiplier with full adder array. The Structure can enable 32/16/8 bit operands, and has been optimized for speed and area.

在VLIW多媒体芯片的设计过程中，针对传统乘法器与加法器的不足，提出了一种新的分叉华莱氏树结构的乘法器模型，采用可重用的模块化设计思想，通过重用一位全加器阵列对乘法器进行扩展，处理器可以在一个乘法器单元内部同时支持多个32/16/8位的乘法运算，同时使乘法单元的速度和面积均得以优化。

The conclusion is as follows: One of the common characteristics of overseas textbook is that they all reflect the basic concept of "structure determines property, the property of structure". The logical structure of overseas textbooks of organic chemistry is that the nature of organic compounds closely related to the theory of organic chemistry by that relationship and transformation of functional groups decide the property and reaction.

国外教材的共同特点之一是体现出"结构决定性质，性质体现结构"的基本观念，从官能团间的关系与转化来统摄有机化合物的性质及其反应，使有机化合物的性质紧扣有机化学的相关理论，构成了有机化学教材的逻辑结构。

Content structure of materials; crystal imperfection; structure of metallic surface, semiconductive oxide surface, structure of the molecular crystal surface, the rearrangement mechanism of the surface atoms and methods of surface analysis; fundamental theories about chemical processes and phenomena of plasma

课程内容：材料的结构；晶体缺陷；金属表面、半导体氧化物表面和分子晶体表面的结构和表面原子重排的机理，表面分析方法；等离子体的化学过程基础理论和化学现象及其特征；硅酸盐材料的通性和几种典型硅酸盐材料的结构，硅酸盐热力学和固相反应，硅酸盐固相烧结的过程和基本原理；典型高分子材料简介。

System structure covers four units::Viewer Properties, the Operation of Geometer, Basic Composition and Complicated Composition of Structure, and Structure of Converter.

系统结构主要分为四个单元：Viewer观察物件属性，Geometer操作几何特性，Structure处理基本结构及复杂结构，Converter处理物件结构之转换。

With analyzing structure features of sheet metal parts, the geometrical information model is built on the basis of the hierarchy of structure feature, structure element and geometrical element.

2分析了钣金零件的结构特征构成，建立了"结构特征—结构要素—几何要素"的三层几何信息模型，并采用树结构组织模型几何数据，分别给出了框肋零件、整体壁板零件和蒙皮零件的几何信息模型；分析了状态衍化中的结构要素变化类型和成形工序对结构要素变化的影响，采用加权图描述了状态衍化中结构树的变化；对应零件几何信息层次构成，建立了钣金零件结构特征的XML模式，分别举例说明了各层几何信息的XML表达，形成了基于XML的钣金零件数据表达方法。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？