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Figure 76. In the early 1970s,R.Burton Litton (Figure 77 left) of the University of California and Edward Stone (Figure 77 right) of the United States Forest Service responded to an important new American law, the National Environmental Policy Act.

。 在1970年代初期，河伯顿烈（图77左）在美国加州大学和爱德华斯通（图77右），美国林务局回答了一个重要的新的美国法律，国家环境政策法案。

Tip: objects from one object into another object of the animation is broken, and then make the shape of animation, such as the starling Network 2, respectively, in accordance with Ctrl + I key into a flower and a figure Figure Figure , after breaking into the shape of animation, there will be a flower into a human animation effects; other appropriate increases can change the shape of key-frame animation of the change process.

小提示：从一个物体变成另一个物体的动画都是将物体打碎，然后做成形状动画，例如八哥网在两帧中分别按Ctrl+I键导入一幅花朵图和一张人物图，打碎后做成形状动画，就有了花朵变成人的动画效果；另外适当增加关键帧可以改变形状动画的变化过程。

Tao Yong's height is between 1 point 85 meters in 1 point 75 meters, based on different dresses, expression, hairdoes, can be divided into general's terra-cotta figure , the warrior figure, car person's terra-cotta figure ,etc..

陶俑身高在1米75至1米85之间，根据装束、神态、发式的不同，可以分为将军俑，武士俑，车士俑等。

LONG ISLAND CITY , NY.- Isamu Noguchi's seminal full-figure sculpture Undine is on view for the first time since 1927 in The Full Figure and Portraiture, 1926–1941, a special exhibition at The Noguchi Museum. The 1926 work, the only full-figure sculpture by the artist known to still exist, reveals the young Noguchi's mastery of traditional form.

长岛，纽约讯美国雕刻家伊萨穆·野口勇（ Isamu Noguchi 的精品全尺寸的雕塑水女神自1927年以来将首次展出，题为"等身雕塑与肖像1926–1941"将在野口勇博物馆展出。

The addition of F-/AcO- to 2 was further confirmed by monitoring the changes in its 1H NMR spectra in the presence of either F- or AcO-(Figure 3). Four peaks of acridinium of 2 showed pronounced upfield shifts due to the conversion of acridinium to acridane in 5 equiv of either F-(Figure 3b) or AcO-(Figure 3c).

F－/AcO－添加到2中通过监测其在存在F－或AcO－时H NMR谱的变化进一步得到确认（图3）。2的吖啶盐的四个峰值证明了由于在5个当量F－（图3b）或AcO－（图3c）中吖啶盐转化成吖啶而引起的明显的高场位移。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

The invention provides an ultra-short length erbium-ytterbium co-doped high gain glass fiber superfluorescence light source which includes: a semiconductor laser 1, a coupling lens system 2 (including a collimating lens 3 and a focusing lens 4), a signal light total reflective mirror 5, a high gain fiber 6 a pumped light input terminal is a vertical cutting terminal 8 in figure (a structure and is a bevel terminal 7 in figure structure, a superfluorescence output terminal is the bevel terminal 7 in figure and.

一种超短长度铒镱共掺高增益玻璃光纤超荧光光源，包括：半导体激光器1，耦合透镜系统2(包括准直透镜3和聚焦透镜4)，信号光全反镜5，高增益光纤6泵浦光输入端在图(a结构中为垂直切割端8，在图结构中为斜角端7，超荧光输出端在图、中均为斜角端7四部分。

If we plug the current consensus estimate of Q1 GDP growth and then compute the year-on-year four-quarter percentage change, we get a figure of -2.3%. Thus, based on consensus estimates of GDP for Q1 2009, the four-quarter contraction of GDP will be--in the first quarter of this year--already worse than both the baseline scenario figure （-1.9%） and the more adverse scenario figure （-2.1%）.

然而，根据上述环比增长-5%的主流预测值计算，1季度GDP的同比增长率应为-2.3%；这就是说，即使是在1季度，主流预测的GDP同比增长率就已低于压力测试中假设的基准情形（-1.9%）和悲观情形（-2.1%）的数字了。

This study is based on Dickey-Fuller and Augmented Dickey-Fuller two unit root test methods and Johansen's cointegration test method to examines the relationship between sales figure of DIAGEO Taiwan and macro economic indicators in order to forecast sales trend for whisky category. The three major variables are:(1) Consumer price index,(2) Single malt whisky sales figure, and (3) Blended whisky sales figure, and intend to understand the interaction between the three major variables.

本研究以Dickey-Fuller及Augmented Dickey-Fuller两种单根检定方法，检定帝亚吉欧台湾分公司的销售报表数字是否具有单根，藉以判定总体经济指标与其销售数字能否利用VAR模式及Johansen共整合检定，检定两者之共整合关系，以期达成预测之目的，而研究的主要变数为：消费者物价指数；单一麦芽威士忌的销售数字；及调和式威士忌的销售数字等三变数，并试图去了解上述变项间相互的影响。

LONG ISLAND CITY , NY.- Isamu Noguchi's seminal full-figure sculpture Undine is on view for the first time since 1927 in The Full Figure and Portraiture, 1926–1941, a special exhibition at The Noguchi Museum. The 1926 work, the only full-figure sculpture by the artist known to still exist, reveals the young Noguchi's mastery of traditional form.

长岛，纽约讯美国雕刻家伊萨穆·野口勇（ Isamu Noguchi 的精品全尺寸的雕塑水女神自1927年以来将首次展出，题为&等身雕塑与肖像1926–1941&将在野口勇博物馆展出。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。