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Through 3D FEM numerical simulation analysis of construction of the adit and main tunnel intersection structure with different intersection angles, this paper draws the conclusions that the smaller the intersection angle, the higher the concentration degree of the surrounding rock stresses and the larger the adit lining stresses.

本文采用三维有限元数值模拟主隧道与横通道组成不同交角的空间复杂受力交叉结构的施工过程，得出交叉角越小，围岩应力集中程度越高、横通道衬砌结构受力越大的结论。

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

Furthermore,3-D FEM algorithm based on the division of tetrahedral grids is deduced by the equations of point electrical source field.

同时，从点电源场满足的方程出发，本文推导了三维复杂地形条件下有限元数值模拟算法，并编制了计算程序。

A reciprocal FEM analogue method is brought forward, by means of taking into account the interaction of tunneling, the peripheral soil and underground utilities. And the calculating program, DLFEA-TPR, is developed to calculate the tunneling-induced deformation and stress of adjacent utilities.

考虑隧道开挖与周围土体以及地下管线的相互作用，提出了相应有限元模拟方法，开发了隧道施工引起邻近地下管线变形及应力的计算程序DLFEA—TPR。

Evolvement of plate wave in level was studied by using both analytic geometry and FEM .

用几何分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了具有横向浪形的中厚板在矫直过程中的演化。

Evolvement of plate in fifteen-roller combination leveler are studied in this paper using both analytic geometry and FEM.

用几何分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了中板采用十五辊组合矫直机矫直过程中的变形演化状况。

Evolvement of plate in ifteen_roller combination leveler are studied in this paper using both analytic geometry and FEM .

用几何分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了中板采用十五辊组合矫直机矫直过程中的变形演化状况。

And the analytical method of sensitivity analysis based on FEM is discussed.

并研究了基于有限元法的灵敏度分析解析算法。

In order to complete a design of a frame of Off-axis Three-mirrors Anastigmat telescope in a short time, this paper gives the design cycle based on FEM, whose main method is topological optimization. This application is completed by HyperMesh/OptiStruct/Rodioss which are offered by Altair Engineering, Inc.

为了在短期内完成一套离轴三反系统支架以及附件的设计，本文基于有限元方法的设计流程，以拓扑优化为主，在Altair公司的HyperMesh/OptiStruct/Rodioss系列软件的平台上，完成了设计任务。

For the present problem of most Xi\'an metro lines passing obliquely through manyactive ground fissure zones,the effect of intersection angle with active ground fissure ofmetro tunnel on metro tunnel lining structure is studied with FEM,and the deformation andfailure characteristics and ranges of influence zones of tunnel are determined.

5针对西安地铁大多数线路斜交穿越地裂缝带的现状，采用有限元数值模拟方法揭示了地铁隧道与地裂缝斜交角度θ对地铁隧道衬砌结构变形破坏的影响规律。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。