查询词典 fault effect

And an on-line adaptative training algorithm of the weights of neuron is given, which enhances fusion precision of the model, fault tolerance and adaptive ability for subsystems 4 In order to diagnose the soft fault of integrated system, a new fault detection method is proposed based on federated filter, which can detect fault of system in short interval and greatly enhance the method sensitivity to fault A fault diagnosis method of Dynamically Tuned Gyro baesd on parameter estimation of kinetics model of rotor, and signal pretreatment, parameter estimation and strategy of fault identification are studied in detail The method can locate fault of DTG correctly and effectively, which provides a new approach and idea for gyro fault diagonsis 5 In order to diagnose the hard fault of integrated system, fault tree analysis is studied on fault disgnosis of integrated system circuits, and the hardware and software of disgnosis system are developed, with faults located to main module and circuit For futhur diagnosis, an optimal measurement technology in detection of circuits is discussed by improving an algorithm based on information theory, and a pratical method based on half-split method is proposed.

针对组合系统的软故障诊断问题，提出了基于联合滤波模型的一种新的故障检测算法，给出了算法的理论推导过程，该算法能在较短的时间内检测出系统故障，提高了算法对故障的敏感度；研究了基于动调陀螺转子动力学模型参数辨识的故障诊断方法，就其中的信号预处理、参数辨识及故障决策方法等关键技术进行了详细的研究，该方法可以正确、有效地检测与定位动调陀螺故障，为陀螺故障诊断提供了新的途径和思路。 5。针对组合系统的硬故障诊断问题，研究了基于系统浅知识推理的故障树法在组合系统电路子系统故障诊断中的应用，开发了相关诊断系统的软硬件，故障可定位到系统的主要功能模块和电路板级。为了进一步的故障定位，研究了电路板故障的最优检测问题，完善了基于信息理论的优化算法，并提出了基于&对分法&的一种实用的优化算法，故障可定位到电路板的主要功能元件级。在组建的SINS/GPS组合系统实验平台上，针对上述研究内容，进行了大量的实验研究。

The activities in different sections of the Gaoqing fault in the Huagou gas field were analyzed using 3D seismic data. The activities of the fault segment associated with the Huagou gas field were strong during the Guantao\|Minghuazhen period, while the activities on east and west sides of the gas field were weak at that time. The Huagou gas field is well corresponding to the strong activity segment of the Gaoqing fault on the plane. The process of gas migration in the Huagou reservoir is divided into two phases:(1)After mantle\|derived magmatogenetic gas including CO2, N2, and He entered the Gaoqing fault, the gas migrated to the top of the fault by the action of buoyancy or pressure, then the gravitative differentiation occurred. For the top of the fault is closed and both sides of fault is sealed, the gas assembled to some degree in the Gaoqing fault;(2)When gas was accumulated at a large scale in the Gaoqing fault, the gas migrated towards the reservoirs along the two sides of the fault and was accumulated in sandstone.

利用三维地震资料，对济阳坳陷花沟CO2气藏区高青断裂走向上不同区段的活动性进行了分析，指出：花沟CO2气藏所对应的高青断裂区段，在馆陶组—明化镇组沉积时期活动性强，而气藏的东、西两侧，馆陶组—明化镇组沉积时期断裂基本上不活动；花沟CO2气藏与馆陶组—明化镇组沉积时期高青断裂活动性强的区段在平面上有着良好的对应关系；花沟CO2气藏的运聚过程分为2个阶段，在第1阶段，幔源岩浆成因的CO2、N2和He等气体进入高青断裂后，在浮力或压差作用下向断裂顶端运移，并发生重力分异，由于断裂顶端封闭、两侧封堵，CO2、N2和He等气体在高青断裂中实现了一定程度的聚集，而在第2阶段，当CO2、N2和He等气体在断裂中聚集到一定程度，便在压力驱动下向断裂两侧砂岩储层运移，并在其中聚集成藏。

In order to overcome the technological difficulties encountered in the course of insulation fault diagnosis on the base of dissolved gases analysis, several kinds of mathematic models and actualized methods are brought forward to improve the reliability and veracity of fault diagnosis of transformers. The research works are shown mainly as followings:1 A modified fuzzy multi-criteria method is brought forward for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer. Furthermore, a new method for insulation fault diagnosis is proposed on the base of fuzzy multi-criteria together with rule reasoning. With fuzzy diagnosis in the method, fault reasons are filtrated and then the reasons in low probability are prohibited, Moreover, the left reasons are testified by using rule reasoning and then final concludes are drawn in much less misjudge probability and better results.2 On the base of geometry characteristics of C- partition to sample set of DGA data of transformer, a method is put forward to compute effective radius of neighbor field of a sample, number of clusters and values of initial centers. Moreover, the fuzzy C- means cluster model with adaptive weight is brought forward in the first time and then the fault classifier is designed for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer.3 According to the weakness of the degree of gray of gray incidence, a new formula to compute DGI is put forward and then incidence order criterion is ascertained. Moreover, a new DGI model for fault diagnosis is proposed according to the further analysis to relationship between fault reason and content of oil dissolved gases of transformer.

为解决在应用油中溶解气体分析方法（Dissolved Gases Analysis，简称DGA）诊断变压器内部绝缘故障时所遇到的主要技术难题，论文提出了用于提高变压器故障诊断准确性和可靠性的数学模型及实现方法，主要研究工作如下：1）提出了一种改进的变压器绝缘故障诊断模糊综合评判方法；进一步提出了将模糊综合诊断与规则推理相结合进行绝缘故障诊断的方法，该方法采用模糊推理对故障原因进行"过滤"，滤掉可能性极小的原因，然后进一步利用规则推理验证剩下的可能原因，得出最终结论，大大减少了误判比率，获得了较好的效果。2）根据以变压器DGA数据为特征量的样本空间的c-划分几何特性出发，提出了一种求取样本有效邻域半径和聚类数及聚类中心初值的方法，在此基础上，首次提出了一种自适应加权的变压器绝缘故障诊断的模糊c-均值聚类模型，并设计出故障分类器。3）针对常用灰色关联度的不足，提出了一新的灰色关联度计算公式及确定关联序的准则；并在此基础上，通过深入分析变压器发生绝缘故障时的原因与油中溶解特征气体含量的关系，建立了一种新的故障诊断灰色关联模型；通过实例分析证明，该方法能有效地诊断出变压器绝缘故障及故障部位，大大提高了诊断的准确性。

The stable clones are further identified by RT-PCR and Western blot; 6 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of cells (AGS, SGC7901, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 7 Soft agar assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the clonality of cells (AGS, MKN28); 8 Nude mice assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28); 9 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell cycle distribution of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 10 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell apoptosis of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3); 11 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR) in vitro; 12 SRCA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR) in vivo; 13 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on adriamycin accumulation of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR); 14 Transmission electron microscope is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of SGC7901 cells towards drug-induced apoptosis; 15 Flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay are used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60/VCR) towards drug-induced apoptosis; 16 Microarray is used to investigate the profiling of ZNRD1-responsive genes in gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28, SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR); 17 RT-PCR and Western blot are used to identify the results of microarray; 18 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of cyclin D1; 19 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of MDR1; 20 Kinase assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the activity of cyclin E-CDK2 kinase; 21 The antisensenucleic acids of p21 is used to inhibit the expression of p21, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p21 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 22 The antisensenucleic acids of p27 is used to inhibit the expression of p27, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p27 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 23 Liposome is used to up-regulate the expression of Skp2, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of Skp2 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 24 Western blot is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the stability of Skp2 and p27 in gastric cancer cells; 25 MVD assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the angiopoietic activity of gastric cancer cells; 26 ELISA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the expression of VEGF165 in gastric cancer cells; 27 The roles of DARPP-32 in MDR of gastric cancer cells are investigated using gene transfection, MTT assay, SRCA, flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay.

应用杂交瘤技术制备ZNRD1的首个单克隆抗体；2）利用RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组化检测ZNRD1在胃癌组织、胃炎组织、正常胃上皮组织、胃癌细胞和正常胃组织上皮细胞中的表达；3）构建ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体，并测序鉴定；4）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的真核表达载体及其空载体转染胃癌细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28）和小鼠成纤维细胞（NIH3T3），G418筛选后进行鉴定；5）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体及其空载体转染药敏胃癌细胞（SGC7901）、正常胃组织上皮细胞（GES-1）、对长春新碱耐药的胃癌细胞（SGC7901/VCR）、药敏白血病细胞（HL-60）、对长春新碱耐药的白血病细胞（HL-60/VCR），G418筛选后进行鉴定；6）利用MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）生长的影响；7）通过软琼脂克隆形成实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞克隆形成能力的影响；8）通过裸鼠成瘤实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞体内成瘤性的影响；9）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）的细胞周期的影响；10）通过流式细胞仪分析上调ZNRD1对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3）的凋亡的影响；11）通过MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）体外药物敏感性的影响；12）通过肾包膜下移植法检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR）体内药物敏感性的影响；13）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）内阿霉素蓄积和泵出的影响；14）通过透射电镜检测上调ZNRD1对SGC7901细胞凋亡敏感性的影响；15）通过流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60）凋亡敏感性的影响；16）通过基因芯片检测ZNRD1高/低表达对胃癌细胞内基因表达谱的影响；17）利用RT-PCR、Western blot对基因芯片的结果进行鉴定；18）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1对cyclin D1的启动子活性的调节作用；19）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对MDR1的启动子活性的调节作用；20）利用激酶试验检测ZNRD1对cyclin E-CDK2 激酶活力的影响；21）利用反义核酸技术抑制p21的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p21对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；22）利用反义核酸技术抑制p27的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p27对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；23）利用脂质体转染法上调Skp2的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测上调Skp2对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；24）利用Western blot检测ZNRD1对p27和Skp2的蛋白稳定性的影响；25）利用微血管密度实验检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞裸鼠移植瘤微血管形成的影响；26）利用ELISA检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞培养上清和移植瘤匀浆中VEGF165含量的影响；27）利用脂质体转染法、MTT实验、肾包膜下移植法、流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测新耐药相关分子DARPP-32对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、对阿霉素耐药的胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR）多药耐药表型的影响；利用脂质体转染法和MTT实验检测下调ZNRD1对DARPP-32介导的胃癌多药耐药的调控作用。

There are four kinds of fault, according to geometric character of fault, which are deep-seated fault, the fault surface cross cap formations but is not reach to ground, the fault surface cross to ground and ground fault. Discuss the closure ability, based on the active stage and the lithlogic of two sides in fault.

根据断层几何学特征和成因历史分为四类：深部断层、断穿盖层未至地表断层、通天断层及表皮断层，以其活动时期和断层二盘岩性特征为基础，分类讨论了封堵性。

The result shows that the Coulomb failure stresses increased along the southwest and northeast segments of the Gonggacuo fault, the east and west segment of the Kengxiwar faults, the west segment of the Pulu fault, the west segment of the Lungmu Co—Bangdag Co, the Altyn Tagh fault and the western Kunlun thrust fault by 6.9×104 Pa, 4.4×103 Pa, 8.0×105 Pa, 2.8×103 Pa, 2.3×104 Pa, 5.7×103 Pa, 1.6×103 Pa and 1.1×103 Pa, respectively, decreased along the central segment of the Gonggacuo and Kengxiwar faults, the east segment of the Lungmu Co—Bangdag Co fault, the central segment of 〖JP2〗the Pulu fault, and the north segment of the Karakorum fault by 3.9×105 Pa, 5.8×105 Pa, 1.5×104 Pa,1.5×104 Pa and 1.1×103 Pa, respectively.

结果表明，库仑应力在贡嘎错断裂的西南段和东北段、康西瓦断裂东段和西段、普鲁断裂西段、龙木错-邦达错西段、阿尔金断裂和西昆仑山前逆冲断裂增加分别达6.9×104 Pa、4.4×103 Pa、8.0×105 Pa、2.8×103 Pa、2.3×104 Pa、5.7×103 Pa、1.6×103 Pa和1.1×103 Pa，而使得贡嘎错断裂中段、康西瓦断裂中段、龙木错-邦达错东段、普鲁断裂中段和喀喇昆仑北段断层上的库伦破裂应力减小分别达3.9×105 Pa、5.8×105 Pa、1.5×104 Pa、1.5×104 Pa和1.1×103 Pa。

When the fault throw is relatively small, the shale gouge ratio and clay smear potential are relatively large and shale smear is strong. In addition, the coal layers on both sides of the fault are mainly juxtaposed against shale. Therefore, shale smear and juxtaposition play a key role in the sealing. In contrast, when the fault throw is relatively large and shale smear is relatively weak, juxtaposition is unfavorable for sealing. However, the mylonite resulted from strong cataclasis can act as a seal of the coals. The cementation resulted from underground water activity is of great significance to the sealing ability of the fault. Mylonitic coal layers resulted from faulting occur on both sides of the fault. They are unique reservoirs with low permeability and high displacement pressure and their scales depend, to some extent, on the fault throw, fault properties, the hanging wall and footwall.

结果表明：①当断层落差较小时，断层泥比率和泥岩涂抹潜势值较大，泥岩涂抹效应强烈，且与断层两侧煤层对接的岩石主要为泥岩类，此时起封闭作用的主要为泥岩涂抹作用和断层两侧岩性配置关系；②当断层落差较大，泥岩涂抹作用较弱时，对接越不利于封闭形成，但碎裂作用强烈，沿断层两侧形成的糜棱岩对煤层起到了封闭作用；③地下水活动导致的胶结作用对整个断层的封闭具有重要的意义；④断裂作用形成的糜棱煤沿断层两侧分布，此糜棱煤带是一种低渗透、高排替压力的特殊储层，其规模与断层的落差、性质、上下盘都有一定关系。

In this paper Ⅰ successfully applied these methods to fault diagnosis, and presenting some new innovative machinery fault diagnosis method; First Ⅰ present a new gear wornout fault diagnosis method, this method use the vibration signal's time-frequency attribute and instantaneous phase undulation to accurately detect gear's fault, and by comparing with the traditional frequency domain analysis method, this method reveals that many nonlinear and nonstationary characteristic exist in gear's vibration, this tell us that if we use frequency domain analysis method without pay attention to the signal's characteristic, we could get wrong diagnostic result; Then Ⅰ present a new bearing fault diagnosis method, this method use ATVFD and Hilbert transform to do envelop demodulation,Ⅰ analyze the envelop with time-frequency method and find out that this method is more accurate then traditional method.Ⅰ also explain that the modulation of the fault to the carrier wave may also be non-stationary and nonlinear; Finally Ⅰ present a cylinder pressure measurement method of diesel engine by means of vibration, cylinder pressure is an important parameter of diesel engine fault diagnosis, the pressure measuring is simplified a lot by this method,Ⅰ also use the ATVFD and time-frequency analysis to realize it.

本文中将上述理论方法成功地应用到故障诊断中去，提出了几点创新性的诊断方法；提出了一种齿轮磨损故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用振动信号能量的时频域分布特征与瞬时相位波动特征可以进行精确的齿轮故障诊断，并通过与传统的频域诊断方法的比较，揭示出齿轮振动中存在的明显的非线性与非平稳特征，说明了不加选择地利用频域分析方法进行齿轮故障诊断很可能会得到错误的诊断结果；提出了一种轴承故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用ATVFD分解与Hilbert变换进行包络解调，并对解调得到的包络信号进行时频域分析，可以实现更加准确轴承故障诊断，说明了故障对载波信号的调制往往也是非平稳与非线性的；提出了一种利用振动信号进行柴油机汽缸内压力检测的新方法，柴油机汽缸压力的变化是柴油机故障诊断的重要参数，利用振动方法可大大简化汽缸压力的检测过程，该方法也是综合利用ATVFD分解与时频域分析方法实现的。

The Hilbert amplitude envelope of the stator current includes the low frequency of fault characteristic, thus it can reduce the signal length by resample the Hilbert amplitude envelope of the stator current by downsampling, which can avoid spectrum aliasing. Then it can reduce the computation time of the MUSIC Method for the spectrum analysis to the resampled signals for the given bandwidth. Meanwhile combining continuous subdivision Fourier transform and rotor slot harmonics based slip estimation it can in advance estimate the concrete values of the fault characteristic frequency, and then inquiry purposely the fault feature component information in the stator current spectrum in order to accomplish the broken rotor bar fault with high sensitivity and h reliability, which eliminates adverse effect of issuable false peaks to the fault detection and formed a novel scheme to detect broken rotor bar fault.

定子电流Hilbert幅值包络信号包含了低频的故障特征频率调制信号，故通过对定子电流Hilbert幅值包络信号进行降采样率重采样、减少分析信号长度，可避免低频段频谱混叠，再对减少的重采样数据进行具有超分辨率的MUSIC低频段估计，可大大降低MUSIC算法频谱估计时间；运用连续细化傅里叶变换和转子齿槽谐波转差率估计技术，可预知故障特征频率精确值，从而可有目的地查询故障分量，消除MUSIC虚假波峰对故障检测混淆的影响，大大提高了故障检测的灵敏度和可靠性，以此形成异步电动机转子断条故障检测新方法。

Therefore, systemically research on distribution and activity of fault system in the middle part of Huanghua depression is done in this paper, including the quantitative analysis of planar distribution and activity of fault system ,the anatomization of the activity and evolution of the major fault, in order to determine the relativity and cause of the fault system. Conbined with the found reservoirs and the evidences of oil and gas displaying .The relationship between fault activity time and activity characteristic, planar distribution and the displacement type of the fault system, the contact relationship of lithology with the formation of oil and gas pools is discussed and finally the faults developing model to form oil and gas pools of upper Tertiary system are found in middle part Huanghua depression.

本论文以黄骅坳陷中区为主系统的研究了断裂系统的展布和活动特征，包括断裂平面展布与活动的定量分析、主干二级断层的几何特征和活动演化历史的详细解剖，来分析断裂系统的相关性和断裂系统的成因，并与黄骅坳陷已发现的油气藏及已有的油气显示成果结合，探讨断层的活动时间和活动特点、断层的平面分布、平面和剖面组合关系、断层两盘的岩性对接关系等方面与油气成藏的关系，最终建立黄骅坳陷中区新近系油气成藏的断裂发育模式。

The production moved off-Broadway to New York City, where she won the Joseph E. Calloway award for her performance, and was profiled in American Theater Magazine as one of ten young theater artists to watch.

生产提出过百老汇的新的纽约市，在那里她赢得了约瑟夫calloway奖，她的表现，并于异型在美国的战区杂志之一， 10战区的青年艺术家观赏。

It's a risk tradeoff, and I believe that adding test support code usually wins.

这是一个风险的权衡，我相信添加测试代码通常会占上风。