查询词典 farming

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为"知识—文化"传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

Old before , the Tibet that lives in snow region highland farming what herdsman still lives in feudal Helot to make is oppressive under , tibet does not have a formal highway .

50多年前，居住在雪域高原的西藏农牧民还生活在封建农奴制的压迫之下，西藏没有一条正式的公路。

Their economy was based on mixed farming and herding, which remain central to their economy.

鞑靼人的经济主要依靠多种经营方式的畜牧业，并一直将其作为经济支柱。

Men hunted bison and other game and went to war. Along with maintaining the lodges, women did most of the farming and grew corn, squash, and beans. During the 19th century, Hidatsa warriors often went on raiding parties like the one where they captured Sacagawea.

男人负责狩猎野牛及其他的小型猎物，也负责参与战事，而女人除了维持小屋的清洁外，也负责大部分的农事，如：种植谷物、南瓜及豆类。19世纪时，希达察族的战士时常突袭其他印地安部落的村庄，就像萨卡加维亚被捕的那次袭击。

The United Kingdom three anthropologists, Hobhouse, Wheeler and Jin Johannesburg, visiting 425 of the uncivilized tribes, farming will not see all of the tribe did not have social classes.

英国三位人类学家，霍布豪斯、惠勒和靳斯堡，考察过四百二十五个未开化的部落，看到所有不会耕种的部落里都根本没有社会阶级。

The decline of Tibetan Buddhism in Hohhot district is mainly caused by influence of long-term ago-farming culture.

在农业化较早的呼和浩特地区，农耕文化的渗透是藏传佛教衰落的重要原因。

This article reviewed the natural stocks of the important holothurian species, their distribution, and the update techniques on seed rearing, sea ranching and commercial farming. The existing problems in the industry are also discussed and the countermeasures are proposed accordingly.

本文综述了国内外海参的自然资源、种群分布，以及目前海参主要养殖品种的苗种培育和增养殖技术要点，就海参养殖中存在的主要问题进行了探讨并提出了相应的对策。

Before becoming the third horseracing track in Shanghai, the site of The People's Square used to be a small farming village with a pond and other poetic scenes typical of South China.

历史地看人民广场这片土地，在建立上海第三个跑马场之前，是一个村庄，是一片庄稼，是一池芦花荡，是一片诗意的江南景色。

Those parts of the economy with political clout, like farming and housebuilding, get subsidised credit from state-owned lenders whereas ordinary customers pay through the nose.

具有政治影响力的经济行业，如农业和房屋建造业，能够从国有借贷部门手中得到补贴信贷，而一般的顾客却要花费更多的钱才能得到需要的物品。

History indicates that the central part is badly in need of the Hunnish farming and hunting products and Hun is badly in need of the central part's agricultural and industrial products.

史实反复雄辩地证明，中原对匈奴地区的畜牧、狩猎产品、匈奴对于中原地区的农业和手工业产品，需求都非常强烈。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。