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Teach them to follow their judgment and not the crowd. Teach them to listen to all people, but to filter all they hear through a screen of truth. Teach them to laugh when they are sad, but also teach them that there is no shame in shedding tears. Teach them there can be glory in failure and despair in success.

社会啊，请您告诉我们的孩子要相信自己的判断，不要矮人观场，人云亦云；告诉我们的孩子要学会兼听则明，以事实为准绳，去伪存真；告诉我们的孩子要学会笑对失败的痛楚，让他们深深地懂得，涟涟的泪光并不可耻，失败中不乏辉煌，成功中仍有遗憾。

Up until 1959 by the North Benchley Lun Duifen of the Conservative Party elected into the lower house. 1961-1964, he served as the National Pension and Insurance Department of the Secretary of Parliament, after the Cabinet Heath (1970-1974), Minister of Education and Science (it is within the Conservative Party into second place among women cabinet members). In 1974 the Conservative Party in the general election after the failure of the two, Margaret Thatcher in 1975, following Heath as leader of the Conservative Party. Conservative Party in 1979 elections after a decisive victory, she rose to the position of prime minister.

直至1959年才由北伦敦芬奇利的保守党选区选入下院。1961-1964年任年金和国民保险部的议会秘书，后在希思内阁(1970-1974)中任教育和科学大臣(是第二位进入保守党内间的妇女阁员)。1974 年保守党在两次大选中失败后，撒切尔夫人于1975年继希思为保守党的领袖。1979年保守党在选举中取得决定性胜利后，使她上升到首相的地位。

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After preaging at 100℃for 24 h, retrogression at 200℃for 7 min, and reaging at 100℃for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the microstructure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7 min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720 h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa， 767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After pre-aging at 100 ℃ for 24 h, retrogression at 200 ℃ for 7 min, and reaging at 100 ℃ for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210 MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2 corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the microstructure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7 min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720 h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa， 767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After pre-aging at 100℃ for 24 h, retrogression at 200℃ for 7 min, and reaging at 100℃ for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210 MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5% H2O2 corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the micro- structure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa，767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

PSO is a population-based optimization algorithm, which mimics the social behavior of animals in a flock. It makes use of individual and group memory to update each particle position allowing global and local search optimization. The objective function considered was the total weight of the structure subjected to stresses, displacements and forces constraints. The effects of the parameters were investigated as well and such combination of tuning parameters promote a better global search behavior avoiding premature convergence while rapidly converging to the optimal solution. Results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing with ANSYS Design Optimization Tool (zero-order method). The PSO with the tuning parameters makes it an ideal method for offshore wind turbines foundations optimization tasks.(2) A reliability analysis method for pile foundation bearing axial loads based PSOThe performance function of pile foundation's axially bearing capacity sometimes is nonlinear and complex, on the basis of geometric meaning of structural reliability index, an optimum model with PSO for structural reliability analysis under arbitrary random variables was established, The PSO algorithm is very efficient to solve global optimization problemsIts use in structural reliability field presents not only the advantage of its facility of implementation, but also the possibility to obtain the design point and the failure probability with a good accuracy. In addition, PSO is a zero order algorithm, for no derivative is necessary for its implementation.

本文的研究针对桩式海上风机基础结构的特点，在国内外有关研究成果的基础上对海上风机基础结构优化设计理论和可靠度方法一些相关问题进行了较为深入的研究，具体做了以下几个方面的工作：(1)基于粒子群优化的桩式海上风机基础确定性优化设计方法桩式海上风机基础的优化设计是一个复杂的、非线性约束的优化问题，针对传统的基于梯度信息的优化方法在处理非线性问题中易陷入局部最优解的问题，本文将一种耦合惩罚函数的PSO算法引入到海上风机基础结构概念设计中，PSO算法是从群体动物聚集觅食这一活动中受到启发而发展的，该算法利用个体和群体的信息共享不断改进自身的位置从而进行局部和全局最优搜索，本文中以桩和三脚架连接段直径及壁厚为设计变量，以基础总重量作为优化的目标函数，在给定的约束条件下建立了三脚架基础优化数学模型，另外本文还研究了PSO参数变化对结果的影响，协调的参数组合可以避免陷入早熟收敛而能够快速的获得全局的最优解，通过与ANSYS优化模块的计算结果比较验证了该方法的有效性，本方法为海上风机基础的确定性设计提供了一条有效的途径。

In this paper, interval models in the convex models are used to describe the parameters having uncertain but boundary limits such as stress and load. The shortest distance from coordinate origin to failure surface in the expand space of standardized interval variables is chosen as the non－ probabilistic reliability index.

将具有不确定且有边界限制的应力、载荷等用凸模型中的区间模型来描述，取在标准化区间变量的扩展空间中，从坐标原点到失效面的最短距离作为非概率可靠性指标。

The static natural frequencies and dynamic frequencies (under 3000rpm) are calculated by the finite element method and cyclic symmetry technique. The rotating vibration behaviors of the two models are compared. Different vibration characteristics between the two models are discussed. Geometry mismatch in a turbine blade root, which arose in manufacturing process or caused by wearing out during service, leads to contact conditions changed in fir-tree attachments. As a result, shifting of the fundamental frequencies and redistribution of stress in the blade base possibly cause failure of the blade.

在叶片—轮盘耦合系统振动研究方面，建立了带围带的叶片振动计算模型和带围带的叶片—轮盘耦合系统振动计算模型，考虑旋转离心力作用，采用波传播技术，对两种模型分别进行了整圈模态分析，得到了某汽轮机叶片模型和叶片—轮盘耦合模型在0转速和工作转速(3000rpm)下的振动模态，并对所得结果进行分析比较，讨论了整圈叶片振动模态与叶片—轮盘耦合振动模态的区别。

All three attempts are found to be unsatisfactory; in particular, the absence of a rigorous understanding of social structure, and the concomitant failure to acknowledge and elucidate the embeddedness of the political dimension in that structure, have resulted in either normative explanations or declamatory remarks, neither of which could fully grasp the nature of political action or political stability and their attendant contingencies.

这些论述其实都并未能对问题作出令人满意的分析。在对社会结构缺乏深入了解，同时又未能掌握到政治活动基本上都是在特定社会环境之中进行此一特点的情况下，这些论述结果都流於成为规范指向的解释或演辩式的陈述，都未能充份掌握政治行动或政治稳定性的特质，以及这些问题的临时多变性格。

Part four summarizes the success and failure of the villages and towns system reform for the past more than 20 years.The accomplishment is as follows: that is to say, to establish the system of country governments and village self management, to improve the function of villages and towns, to push the changeover of villages and towns' function and style,to reduce and control the number of the personals, to develop notably in socialist democracy; there exist six prominent problems, namely to be short of the right academic direction during the system reform , to be lack of the right idea about reform, to orient the government function irrationally , to innovate the degree of system deficiently ,to lag in constructing legal system and to form a half-baked set in reform measure.

第四部分，在回顾的基础上，对二十多年来乡镇体制改革得失进行总结：成就主要表现在五个方面，即确立"乡政村治"体制、完善了乡镇功能、推动乡镇政府职能和作风的转变、减少和控制机构和人员的增加、民主政治取得可喜进展；存在六个突出问题，即体制改革缺乏正确理论指导、对改革缺乏正确认识、政府职能未有合理的定位、制度创新力度不够、法制建设滞后、改革措施不配套。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。