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SO〓 injury caused a reduction of water, chlorophyll and anthocyanidin, and pH values of the grapes injured by SO〓 were decreased and the intracellular acidification of flesh could be found. SO〓 injury also inhibited activities of SOD, POD and CAT, and deceased ASA contents. Hence the membrane lipid per oxidation was accelerated and the content of MDA and relative electrical conductivity were increased. Treatment of toxic dose of SO〓 increased respiratory rate, lowered activities of PAL and PPO.

与不耐SO〓的品种&红地球&相比，耐SO〓品种&巨峰&具有较高的pH值和较大的缓冲容量，较高的超氧化物歧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性；受SO〓刺激后，耐SO〓品种&巨峰&的超氧化物歧化酶及苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性和酚类物质含量上升幅度大于不耐SO〓的品种&红地球&；长期处于SO〓伤害环境时，耐SO〓品种&巨峰&的过氧化氢化酶活性下降幅度低于不耐SO〓的品种&红地球&。

Decrease of antioxidase activities and increase of ROS may be the main causes of irradiation-induced peroxidation and damages to cell activities.

抗氧化酶活性的降低和活性氧作用的增强可能是电离辐射引起机体过氧化损伤，导致组织细胞功能异常的重要原因。

The author suggests some ways to apply the situated learning theory in the elemetary education practice, such as: designing authentic learning activities and curricula ; adopting the learning model of the cognitive appentice ; teaching with scaffolding and coaching ; emphasizing the cooperative or collaborative learning activities; and employing the situated-learning-based multiple computer program teaching and learning.

情境学习理论相当具有启发性与优点，值得国教育界来参考应用，应用的方可为：设计真实化的学习情境与课程、采用认知学徒制教学、进行鹰架协助式教学、重视合作学习与分组教学式教学、以及运用情境式电脑模拟互动多媒体辅助教学等，可供学校教师适时参考应用，如能加以实践相信对於国小教育将有相当贡献与助益。

The main results were as follows:There was significant correlation between the soil urease and phosphatase activities, which showed no significant difference upon different plots. The urease and phosphatase activities in the soil were higher in spring than autumn, which under mangrove plants were all higher than those in the New alluvial soil without plants and Bared land. Soil urease activity exhibited no significant difference under different mangrove species. The phosphatase activity in the soil of Centenary Aegiceras corniculatum and Spartina alterniflor was the highest, which was the higher in the soil of Kandelia candel and Avicennia marine.

结果表明：土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性存在极显著的相关性；两种酶在不同区域间均无显著差异，季节变化均表现为春季大于秋季；有红树植被的土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性皆大于空地和裸地，土壤脲酶不同红树植被下无显著差异，磷酸酶则表现为百年生桐花树和互花米草显著高于其余植被，秋茄和白骨壤次之。

The major results obtained are: PCR-RFLP method is suitable for molecular identification of Shihu; 205 compounds were isolated from 10 species of Dendrobium, including 21 new compounds, and 28 compounds isolated from genus Dendrobium for the first time. Each of the extracts and compounds were screened for anticoagulant and antitumour activities separately. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate extract from Dendrobium chrysanthun has significant anticoagulant function; the antitumour function of the 4 bibenzyl components from Dendrobium chrysotoxum is stronger than that of phenanthrene, of which the erianin has significant anti-angiogenic effect both in vivo and in vitro; components with moderate or stronger antitumour activities were found in the extracts of D. thyrsiflorum, D. chrysanthun and D. trigonopus; quality standard for 5 species of Dendrobium was drawn up use active or indicative components as control.

重要研究结果有：经方法学研究，认为PCR-RFLP法适于作为石斛属药材分子标记鉴定方法；对10种石斛进行化学成分分离鉴定，共分得205个化合物，其中新化合物21个，首次从石斛属分得的28个；对提取物和各单体化合物分别作抗凝血、抗肿瘤等活性筛选，结果说明束花石斛乙酸乙酯部位有显著的抗凝血作用，鼓槌石斛的4个联苄类成分抗肿瘤作用强于菲类，联苄类毛兰素在体内外有显著抗血管生成活性，球花石斛、束花石斛及翅梗石斛均筛到中等或较强抗癌活性的成分；选择有活性或指标性成分作对照品，对5种石斛草拟了质量标准。

The activities of succinate dehydrogenase in hepatocytes, alkaline phosphatase and thiamine pyrophosphatase on the wall of bile canaliculi became obviously less.Both the activities and localizations of TPPase had changed. Some TPPase from the damaged lysosome-like vesicles and Golgi saccules of hepatocytes discharged into the cytoplasm. TPPase reaction product in some bile canaliculi decreased.

酶细胞化学技术显示肝细胞线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶和毛细胆管壁上的碱性磷酸酶活性明显减弱或消失，焦磷酸硫胺素酶的活性及定位也发生了改变， TPPase从损伤的高尔基复合体及溶酶体样小泡漏出进入胞浆，部分毛细胆管壁上的TPPase反应物减少。

According to President Lin Chun-shin, the original intention of notes was to make payments in a large amount in business activities to reduce the inconvenience and risk of paying in cash. As we could issue notes cashable in a future time, credit expansion arose and dependence on physical capital reduced. However, in business activities in which time counted, notes would be difficult to cash as a result of a financial crisis. Therefore, people playing a dominant role in business often collected accounts in cash and paid with notes and accepted short-term notes and made payments in long-term notes in order to maintain high cash availability.

林俊兴董事长表示，票据使用的本意为支付商业活动中的大额款项，免除使用现金的不便与风险，由於可以开出未来才兑现的票据，因此衍生信用扩张，减少对实质资本的依赖，不过，精算时差的商业活动，当遭遇金融风暴时极易发生连锁无法兑现清偿的情形，故在商场上居强势地位者，多半是以收现付票、收短付长来维持较高的现金存量。

In order to understand antioxidant enzymes activities in response to temperature increment and the active oxygen free radical clearing function of antioxidant enzymes in antarctic ice mircoralgae Chlorophyceae L4, the free radical generation rate, the malonaldehyde content changes and the corresponding antioxidant enzymes activities changes in Chlorophyceae L4 at different temperatures were determined.

为了阐明南极冰藻Chlorophyceae L4抗氧化酶活性对温度升高的响应以及了解冰藻细胞内抗氧化酶系统对活性氧自由基的清除作用，对不同温度下（包括最适温度6℃、高于最适温度10℃和15℃）Chlorophyceae L4细胞中自由基的产生速率、丙二醛含量的变化和相应的抗氧化酶系统活性的变化进行了测定。

Chronologic researches on the Mesozoic (230-65Ma) volcanic rocks in West Liaoning and adjacent areas indicate that the volcanic activities were periodic with an average period of 20-30Ma, and that the peak ages of the volcanic activities were determined at 230Ma, 190Ma, 160Ma, 130-120 Ma, 110-100 Ma, and 80Ma, respectively.

对辽西及其邻区中生代(230~65Ma)火山岩年代学的研究发现：火山活动具有平均间隔20~30Ma的周期性，火山岩活动的峰期为230Ma、190Ma、160Ma、130~120Ma、110~100Ma、80Ma。

Such as silver carp, bighead carp fry to eat the plankton, mostly in the upper heart water activities; grass, herring fry eat a large Cladocera and benthic organisms, mostly in shallow water edge of the activities.

如鲢、鳙的夏花吃浮游生物，多在水体中心上层活动；草、青鱼的夏花吃大型枝角类和底栖生物，多在水体边的浅处活动。

In contrast to the ubiquitous rising-sun-with-rays military flag of the Japanese, Chinese banners and ensigns feature a range of designs.

与遍地都是的太阳军旗不同，中国人的旗帜和徽章设计得各式各样。

From their small corner of Feng's Guangzhou headquarters -- a jumble of pink leashes, squeezable rubber steaks, and plastic doggy Santas for Fido's stocking -- Soleil's designers come up with at least five new products a month.

从Feng 设在广州总部的产品展示柜台上可以看到，Soleil的设计师每月至少设计出5件新产品。