查询词典 exterior differentiation

The investigation of laticifer differentiation has an important significance for developing chemistry-regulating technique in natural rubber production and for realizing the cambia differentiation mechanism.

乳管分化的研究对于发展天然橡胶生产的化学调控技术和认识维管形成层细胞的分化机制具有重要意义。

By using the "mechanical wounding"experimental system estabilished by us, and light- and electron microscopy, autoradiography and radioisotope technique, immuno-fluorescence localization, homologous clone and RACE technique, in situ mRNA hybridization and ELISA et al., we investigated the relationship between the transportation of exogenous JA and the secondary laticifer differentiation, the relationship between the producton and accumulation of endogenous JA and the laticifer differentiation from cambia, and the effect of appling exogenous jasmonates on the natural rubber production.

利用我们建立的机械伤害诱导乳管分化的实验系统，采用光学显微镜和电子显微镜技术、同位素示踪和放射自显影技术、免疫荧光定位技术、同源克隆和RACE技术、mRNA原位杂交和ELISA等技术，研究了外源茉莉酸在橡胶树体内的移动及其对维管形成层分化次生乳管的诱导效应、内源茉莉酸与乳管分化的关系以及茉莉酸类物质对天然橡胶产量的影响。

Rubber trees initiate laticifer differentiation in June and July while no laticifer differentiation occur during the periods from November to May under natural conditions on Hainan Island. Application of jasmonates induced laticifer formation in both immature and mature rubber trees. Tapping and/or pre-tapping enhanced the ability of vascular cambia to differentiate the secondary laticifers.

结果表明，在海南岛自然条件下，乳管分化开始于6~7月份，在11月～翌年的5月没有乳管分化；割胶包括正式割胶前的预割能显著提高橡胶树形成层分化乳管的能力，其影响的范围相当大；外施茉莉酸对未开割树和割胶树的乳管分化都有促进作用。

The results showed that: a great quantity of compacted callus were induced on the MS medium supplemented with 6-BA and a large amounts of corms and young seedlings were differentiated on the differentiation medium, but plenty of loosened callus on the MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and limited young seedlings on the differentiation medium.

结果表明：在附加6-BA的MS培养基上，外植体可诱导出大量的致密愈伤组织，而且致密愈伤组织在分化培养基中能分化产生大量圆球茎和幼苗；而在附加2，4-D的MS培养基中，外植体被诱导出疏松愈伤组织，在随后的分化培养基上只能产生数量有限的幼苗。

Methods Human monocyte cell line THP-1 was cultured and induced to macrophage by PMA treatment. The effect of 9-cisRA on the differentiation induced by PMA was studied. Cell morphology was observed by phase contrast microscope and the adhesion rate of THP-1 was detected by methyl thiazolyltetrazolium assay. The cell surface markers involved in differentiation of mono cyte/macmphage (CD11b, CD36) were analyzed by flow cytometry.

体外培养人单核细胞系THP-1，经佛波酯诱导分化为巨噬细胞，同时给予9-顺式维甲酸对佛波酯诱导分化进行干预，通过相差显微镜观察细胞形态，MTT比色法检测细胞贴壁率，流式细胞仪检测与单核／巨噬细胞分化有关的细胞表面标志物CD11b和CD36的表达。

Different ideas exist in the role of abscisci acid on flower bud differentiation bud differentiation of fruit trees.

但近年来的研究表明，果树的花芽分化不仅仅是营养问题，与其他的一些因素也密切相关。

It begins to flower and fruit after being planted 2-3 years.Under nature pollination condition,the flowering rate of most tea plant varieties usually is very high.The flower bud differentiation of tea plant usually starts in June,lasts to December or even later.It takes about six months from bud differentiation to fruit.

茶树从花芽形成到种子成熟，共经过约一年半左右的时间，从6月到12月的6个月时间中，一方面是当年的茶花进行孕蕾、开花和授粉，另一方面是上一年受精的茶花发育形成种子并成熟的过程，两年的花果同时发育生长，都是大量消耗养分的生理和生长活动过程。

The EBs were transferred to gelatin-coated Petri-dish and cultured in differentiation medium 1 for 6 days, and then change to differentiation medium 2 for another 6 days.

所以本研究的目的是探讨硒在体外诱导小鼠胚胎干细胞向胰岛细胞分化中的促进作用。

The progress levels of symptoms after pathogen infection showed that interaction of gray leaf spot pathogen and host has differentiation or polymorphism. The progress levels of symptoms is different.The aggressively has polymorphism. The pathogenicity of different isolates in same cultivar has polymorphism, or the host reaction type of same isolate in different cultivars has polymorphism.The host reaction type has differentiation. There are seven types of host reaction in cultivar and inbred after infected by GLS pathogen:Rectangular lesion without chlorotic halo, Rectangular lesion with chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion without chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion with chlorotic halo, Spot lesion with chlorotic halo,Rectangular and irregular lesionand Rectangular and spot lesion. The host reaction type is coalesced lesion when disease severely. Frequency of each reaction types is different.

通过对玉米灰斑病菌侵染后的显症过程的系统观察，可在组织水平上说明该病菌与寄主互作反应存在分化或多样性：玉米灰斑病菌不同菌株侵染后显症过程表现出明显的差异；玉米灰斑病菌在侵袭力上存在多样性，菌株间对同一种品种的致病性表现多样化，或者同一菌株对不同品种侵染引起的寄主反应表现为多样性；病斑反应型的分化，玉米灰斑病菌侵染玉米品种或自交系后，主要有7种病斑反应类型，即RH型、RN型、IRH型(不规则形具褪绿晕圈病斑)、IRN型(不规则形无褪绿晕圈病斑)、SH型、RI型(长矩形与不规则形混合病斑)和RS型(长矩形与斑点形混合病斑)，若发病严重，病斑连成片，而且这些反应类型出现的频率也不同。

In a word, this lentivirus vector can help us study the differentiation mechanism of liver progenitor cells, and scan the molecules which can do a help in differentiation.

总之，这一载体的成功构建将为研究肝干/祖细胞的分化提供了便捷的工具，同时也有助于筛选可诱导肝干/祖细胞定向分化的分子。

Would you like Scotch, bourbon, Chablis or fruit Juice?

哦，你喝苏格兰威士忌酒、波旁、啤酒、卡布利白葡萄酒，还是果汁？

E. HONES O'Connell High School, Folsom, USA

E 汉妮诗（奥康内尔高中，福尔松，美国