查询词典 extant

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

The company legal person personality denial system is to the company personality independent system extant flaw recovery and the consummation, opened company veil system's reasonable being suitable for the safeguard, prevents abusiveness which the personality denied, discussion personality denial system's suitable condition, had the important meaning.

公司法人人格否认制度是对公司人格独立制度现存缺陷的补救与完善，为保障揭开公司面纱制度的合理适用，防止人格否认的滥用，探讨公司人格否认制度的适用条件，具有重要意义。

Having no steady fund source, which exists in the implementary of public housing system in Xi"an, as the incisive point. The paper analyzes and calculates the problem of fund deficiency in today"s fund source channel and studies the method of solving the problem during the process of incorporating, using and managing in extant employee housing accumulation fund system in the towns. The paper also advances the ampliative accumulation fund system and builds up the corresponding operating model by adopting the mode of financing affiance, analyzes the investment method by using blurred linear programming and appraises its incremental effect.

本文以解决西安市廉租住房制度实施中存在的主要问题之一—无稳定的资金来源为切入点，在调研资料的基础上，分析测算了目前的资金来源渠道存在的资金不足问题，同时研究了现存的城镇职工住房公积金制度在归集、使用和管理过程中存在问题的解决途径，提出了扩大的住房公积金并采用金融信托方式构建了相应的运作模式，利用模糊线性规划模型对其投资方式进行了分析并对其增值效果进行了评价。

This result suggested antigenic variation of T.evansihad a rule to some extant.

表明至少在感染早期，伊氏锥虫的抗原变异存在一定的规律性。

The chief authorities for the Gallican Mass are the letters of St. Germanus of Paris (555-576); and by a comparison of these with the extant Sacramentaries, not only of Gaul but of the Celtic Rite, with the Irish tracts on the Mass, with the books of the still existing Mozarabic Rite, and with the descriptions of the Spanish Mass given by St. Isidore, one may arrive at a fairly clear general idea of the service, though there exists no Gallican Ordinary of the Mass and no Antiphoner.

首席当局对大众的高卢圣信街Germanus的巴黎（ 555-576 ）；和比较这些与现存Sacramentaries ，不仅是高卢人，但凯尔特人队的礼仪，与爱尔兰村组群众与书籍，仍然存在摩沙拉仪式，并与说明西班牙大众给予的圣伊西多尔，人们可以得出一个相当明确的总体思路的服务，但不存在任何高卢圣普通群众，没有

St. Gaudentius, Bishop of Brescia in the beginning of the fifth century (d. about 410 or 427), received particles of the ashes of martyrs during a voyage in the East, and placed them with other relics in the altar of the basilica which he had erected, at the consecration of which he delivered a discourse, still extant (PL, XX, 959 sqq.) Near the Church of Santa Maria Antiqua, in the Roman Forum, built in the fifth century, a chapel was found, built, like the church itself, on an ancient site, and consecrated to the Forty Martyrs.

圣gaudentius主教，布雷西亚在年初五世纪（四约410或427 ），收到颗粒骨灰的烈士，在航程中在东部地区，并把他们与其他文物，在祭坛上的大教堂，其中他曾架设，在consecration这期间，他发表了话语，仍尚存（特等， XX条， 959 sqq ）附近的教堂Santa Maria antiqua ，在罗马广场，建於5世纪，一个小礼拜堂被发现，建像教会本身，对一个古老的网站，以及consecrated至第四十四烈士。

The application of probiotic bacteria is one of extremely effective ways to solve the extant questions in aquiculture .

益生菌的应用是对水产养殖业现存问题十分有效的解决途径之一。

Aristophanes is the only extant dramatist of Greek Old Comedy.

"阿里斯托芬是唯一现存的戏剧家希腊"旧喜剧。

Power has also speculated in his unpublished story "The Judex Codex" that Quatermain had a daughter by Ayesha as well; this ably reconciled Quatermain's family tree with the Allan Quatermain comic book series created by Alfredo Castelli (which later morphed into the Martin Mystere series; Power's theories allowed Mystere and Allan Quatermain II to be identical first cousins without compromising any of the extant continuities).

作家丹尼斯东国还猜测在他未出版的故事"的有利害关系法典"的Quatermain有一个女儿的雅兹以及这干练调和Quatermain的家谱与阿兰Quatermain漫画系列创建的阿尔弗雷多卡斯泰利（后来演变为对马丁神秘系列；功率的理论允许神秘和艾伦Quatermain二是相同的兄弟姐妹在不损害任何现存的连续性）。

This first version of the play as it was performed in 423 BCE is no longer extant.

这是第一个版本的发挥，因为它是在公元前423不再是现存。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。