查询词典 experimental method

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy experimental grouping: Sixteen successful C57/BL6J mice models, aged 7 days, were randomized into 2 groups: experimental group (n =8), following ligation of right common carotid artery, mice were placed in the closed container containing 0.08 volume fraction of oxygen and 0.92 volume fraction of Nitrogen gas, and taken out 1.5 hours later; 3 μL ESCs were injected into the right cerebral ventricle at about 1 week, and control group (n =8), in which, the same amount of PBS was injected into the right cerebral ventricle.③ At 12 weeks after transplantation, the survival and migration of induced ESCs labeled by Lac-Z in the spinal cord and brain were observed by zymologic method.

缺氧缺血性脑病实验分组：将造模成功的鼠龄7 d的C57/BL6J16只小鼠随机分为2组：实验组8只，结扎右侧颈总动脉后将小鼠置入含体积分数0.08氧气和体积分数0.92氮气的密闭容器内，1.5 h后取出；1周后在右侧脑室内注入3 μL诱导胚胎干细胞。

Finally, the experimental setup of MR intelligent boring bar was built on the CA6140 type lathe. The experimental results show that the method can suppress the chatter efficiently and can improve the surface quality of workpieces significantly, whose roughness has decreased from 10 μm to 1.5 μm.

最后，在车床CA6140上搭建了磁流变智能镗杆的颤振抑制实验系统，实验结果表明，变结构刚度方法能够快速高效地抑制镗削过程中产生的颤振，并且使加工表面的粗糙度Ra从10μm降至1.5μm，大幅度提高了加工表面质量。

An application of conjugate gradient method to fit concrete creep coefficient is in good agreement with experimental results. 4. There are 8 CFST members bearing capacity tests with different initial stress factor and eccentric distances having been launched. 5. A generalized analysis program which could be considered steel tube initial stress influence of CFST arch bridge is developed. The correct and accuracy of the program were verified by the experimental results of the axis, eccentric compression initial stress CFST member and a model of CFST arch bridge.

应用共轭斜量法拟合混凝土徐变系数，拟合结果与试验值吻合良好； 4、开展了8根不同初应力系数和偏心距的钢管混凝土初应力构件承载力试验； 5、编制了钢管混凝土拱桥考虑钢管初应力影响的综合分析程序，程序得到轴心受压、偏心受压初应力试验构件和模型拱桥的验证。

Taguchi Method was used to do experimental designs and analysis in the study. Cypress essential oil was selected to use in the slim therapy process to get the best experimental result.

本研究透过田口方法进行实验设计与分析，將檜木精油运用於瘦身疗程，產生出最佳瘦身效果之参数组合。

The experimental results indicate that the reflected dynamic caustics method is available for the dynamic fracture experimental studies of polymer composites and can provide guidance in ameliorating designs of polymer blends.

实验结果表明，动态焦散线方法为高聚物复合材料的动态断裂实验研究提供了一种可行的方法，并可为高聚物复合材料性能的改进提供依据。

The four experimental virus strains and the three collate virus strains were divided into two groups, and belonged two evolutionary branches. Although ADV-DL1, DL2 and DL3 were all belonged to the Da Lian separated strains, they had the ulterior genetic relationship. The nuclear sequences of the obtained experimental ADV virus strains, ADV virus collate virus strains and typify virus strains of other four Parvovirus generic were cladogram analyzed with the Clustal W method of software DNA Star.

结果表明，ADV-Utah与四个实验毒株的序列同源性较高，同源率为92.9-93.4％，ADV-G、ADV-SL3与实验毒株的同源性较低；四个实验毒株和三个参考毒株被分别划归为两个组，分属于两个进化分支；实验毒株中ADV-DL1与DL2和DL3虽然同为大连分离株，却表现出较远的亲缘关系。

Based on the experimental results and adopting the most common used method, the coefficient of cyclic properties and curve of fatigue life versus strain of LCF of 3OCr2MoV were drawn. Comparisons between experimental results and similar curves were made.

采用最通用的疲劳估算方法拟合出了30Cr2MoV转子钢的常温和高温550℃下的低周疲劳参数和循环应力-应变曲线以及低周疲劳寿命曲线，并将试验结果与同类曲线进行了比较。3。

The focal properties of varifocal Fresnel lens was studied in experimental, experimental results showed that the deformation of surface of LCoS will lead to diffusion of the focal of Fresnel lens, one correction method was mentioned.

然后利用已经制作的LCoS相位空间光调制器，实现了可编程的变焦菲涅尔透镜，通过实验研究了变焦菲涅尔透镜的聚焦特性，发现LCoS器件的表面弯曲会导致聚焦焦点的弥散并设计了校正的方案。

In the experimental process, we made comparison from feature extractions and resolutions. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in this thesis

在整个实验过程中，从特征提取和分辨率两个方面作了实验对比，实验结果证明了本文所提出方法的有效性

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新